考点14 初中时态基本考点-备战2023年中考英语一轮复习考点帮（上海专用）（原卷版）-中考英语备考资料重点汇总知识点归纳.docx

考点14初中时态基本考点区命题趋势动词的时态指的是谓语动词用来表示动作或情况发生时的各种动词形式。英 语中一共有16种时态，但在初中阶段常考的时态有以下9种：一般现在时、一 般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时' 现在完成时' 过去完成时、 现在完成进行时、过去将来时。考查重点集中在一般现在时在条件状语从句和时 间状语从句中的用法、终止性动词在现在完成时中不能与for, since短语或从句 连用、have been to与have gone to的用法以及在具体语境中动词的用法等。 在知识导图在重点考向动词的时态有很多。初中阶段主要掌握八种：一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、 过去进行时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在完成时、过去完成时。1. 一般现在时1) 一般现在时态的构成：主语是I, we, you, they和名词复数时作谓语的行为动词用原形。主语是he, she , it和名词单数时，作谓语的行为动词的词尾变化如下：一般情况+ s22. （2022上海徐汇二模）一I was at a pet shop at three o'clock yesterday afternoon. What about you?I a kite in the park.A. flewB. will flyC. are flyingD. was flying23. （2022上海黄浦二模） He was still working on the problem while his classmates arest in the next room.A. are havingB. have hadC. were having D. would have24. （2022上海黄浦二模）Richarda shower when the light suddenly went out lastnight.A. was taking B. tookC. takesD. will take25. （2022上海模拟预测）Tina and Tom with each other happily on the Internet thistime yesterday.A. are chatting B. will chatC. have chatted D. were chatting26. （2022上海模拟预测）一Did you notice the teacher come in?No, I didn't because I English.A practiced readingB. have practiced readingC. was practicing readingD. am practicing reading27. （2022上海浦东新一模）This time yesterday, I to my new class teacher.A. speaksB. spokeC. is speaking D. was speaking28. （2022上海普陀九年级期中）The special hotel in Hainan many tourists since itsopening.A. attractB. attractedC. has attracted D. will attract29. （2022上海长宁二模）Cathy and her friends 2.000 yuan for the homeless animals since the beginning of March.A. raiseB. raisedC. have raisedD. had raised30. （2022上海模拟预测）Ben's singing skills a lot since he joined the singing group.A. improveB. have improvedC. improvedD. had improved31. （2022上海嘉定模拟预测）All of us great progress since we started junior highschool.A. makeB. madeC. have madeD. will make32. （2022上海模拟预测）一Amy, you must be hungry after waiting for us for such a long time.Don't worry. I some cookies already.A. am eatingB. will eatC. was eatingD. have eaten33. （2022上海长宁二模）I met Tony last Tuesday. We in touch with each other forabout 2 years.A. didn't keepB. haven91 keptC. weren't keepingD. hadn9t kept34. （2022上海模拟预测）By the end of last year, Ben as a postman for ten years.A. has workedB. had workedC. will workD. works35. .（2022上海模拟预测）By the end of last year, most of us the free vaccine （疫苗）.A. will getB. would getC. has gotD. had got36. （2022上海一模）Mum was surprised to find her little son all her suitcases already.A. was packingB. has packedC. had packedD. would pack37. （2022上海金山二模）My elder brother as a system engineer in the company sincefive years ago.A. workedB. will workC. has worked D. had worked38. （2022上海浦东新二模）Lisa felt very happy as she well in a reading contest theday before.A. doesB. didC. has doneD. had done39. （2022上海模拟预测）By the time we the railway station, the train forten minutes.A.got to; had been awayB.reached; hadleftC.arrived; had been awayD.arrived at; has left40. （2022上海模拟预测）How long the film when he got to the cinema?A.did; beginB.has; begunC.had; been onD.had; begun在真题过关1. （2014.上海中考真题）Aunt Lucy will tell us something about her trip to Australia whenshe back.A. cameC. would come2. （2022上海中考真题）The new restaurantJune.B comesD. will cometwo surveys on its food and service sinceA. is doingB.will doC. didD. has done3. （2022上海中考真题）The three Chinese astronauts safely from space on April 16,2022.A. returnedB.are returningC. have returnedD. had returned4. （2020上海中考真题）The ancient town has been open to visitors about ten years.A. byB. forC. onD. though5. （2014上海中考真题）Susan and Lily tomatoes and other vegetables on the farm thistime yesterday.A. pickB are pickingC. will pickD. were picking6.（2021 上海中考真题）The amusement park has received many visitors,A. has itB. hasn't itC. does itD. doesn't it7. （2021 上海中考真题）Last weekend, Davida visit to his grandparents in thecountryside.A. paysB. paidC. will payD. has paid8. （2021 上海中考真题）The headmaster is not available now. He to the new teachers.A. speaksB. spokeC. is speakingD. was speaking9. （2019上海中考真题）Look!They about the solution to the network problems again.A. argueB. are arguingC. arguedD. were arguing10. （2018上海中考真题）The debate on whether to keep pets forty minutes yesterdayafternoon.A. lastB - lastedC. will lastD. has lasted11. （2018上海中考真题）The film Operation Red Sea a lot of praise since its first showmonths ago.A. winsB. winC. will winD. has won12. （2018上海中考真题）Michael in a school in Yunnan from February to June next year.A. teachB. taughtC. will teachD. was teaching13. （2017上海中考真题）（2017 上海中考）Several journaliststhe lawyerabout the international case an hour ago.A. interviewB. interviewed C. will interview D. had interviewed14. （2017上海中考真题）（2017 上海中考）Some exchange students with theirhost families this time yesterday.A.are chattingB. will chatC. were chattingD.have chatted15. （2015上海中考真题）Tim told us that his company robots to do some of the work.A.usesB. will useC. has usedD.would use16. （2020上海中考真题）Every year thousands of tourists the mountain area to relaxthemselves.A. visitedB. were visitingC. visitD. have visited17. （2020上海中考真题）Mikethe furniture into his new flat this time yesterday.A. would move B. was moving C. has movedD. had moved18. （2019上海中考真题）By the end of last month, Jane enough money for the poor sickboy.A. raisedB. would raise C. had raisedD. has raised19. （2015上海中考真题）Now Jerry the exchange programme with his classmates in themeeting room.A. discussedB. is discussingC. was discussingD. has discussed20. （2016上海中考真题）This medicine millions of people's lives since it was put intouse.A. is savingB. will saveC. has savedD. had saved以s, x, ch, sh 或 o结尾+ es以辅音+y结尾去y变i+es2） 一般现在时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以be和like为例）:主语肯定式否定式疑问式第一、二人称和第三人I am a student. We/You/They are students.I am not a student.We/You/ They are not students.Are you a student.Are you/ they students?Is he/ she a student?称复数以及名词复数He/ She is a student.I / We/ You/ They/ like music.Many people like music.He/ She is not a student.I / We/ You/ They/ don't like music.Many people don't like music.Do you/ they like music?Do many people like music?3) 一般现在时态的用法：现阶段经常性，习惯性的动作。例如：I get up at six every morning.He plays tennis once a week.现在的状态例如：My mother is a teacher. She teaches English in a school.客观真理例如：The earth goes around the sun.4)常用于一般现在时态的时间状语：often usually sometimes always every day never in the morning 等。例题解析:1. - May I help you, sir?-Yes, I bought the TV the day before yesterday, but it.A. didn't work B. doesn't work C. won't work D. can't work2. the bus until it.A. Get off, stops B. Get off, will stop C. Don't get off, stops D. Don't get off, will stop3. The 70-year-old man exercises in the morning.A. takesB. are taking C. tookD. will take2.现在进行时1）现在进行时的构成：am/is/are+v-ing是现在进行时的构成形式 v-ing现在分词的构成：一般情况+ing以不发音字母e结尾的单词。去e,加ing+ing以辅音字母+ y结尾的单词去 e+ing以重读闭音节结尾的单词，末尾只有一个辅音字母时.双写词尾字母+ing2）现在进行时的肯定肯定句、否定句、疑问句形式:主语肯定式否定式疑问式第一、二人称 和第三人称复 数以及名词复 数I am driving.He/She/It is working. We/You/They are doing something.I am not driving. He/She/It is not working.We/You/They are not doing anything.Are you driving?Is he/she/it working?Are you/they doing something?3）现在进行时的用法：1 .说话时正在进行或发生的动作（动作是在说话时正在进行）。例如：She is having a bath now.2 .现阶段正在进行或发生的动作（但是动作并不是必须在说话时正在进行）。例如：You are working hard today.Kate wants to work in Italy, so she is learning Italian.The population of the world is growing very fast.频度副词always, forever等词连用时，表示某种强烈的感情。如：He is always trying out new ideas.俵示欣赏，表扬）表示按计划即将发生的动作（仅限于go, come, arrive, leave, start, fly, begin, stay等动词）。如: The party is beginning at 8:00 o'clock.6）常用于现在进行时态的时间状语：now等。often usually sometimes always every day never in the morning 等。例题解析:1. I don't think that ifs true. She's always lies.A. tell B. tells C. telling D. told2. How you with the new job?A. do, do B. do, get along C. are, doingD. are, getting on3. -Are these socks yours?-No. Mine outside on the clothes line.A. are hanging B. have hung C. hang D. hung3. 一般将来时1) 一般将来时的构成：1 .助动词wiH(shall)+动词原形2 . am / is / are +going to + 动词原形2) 一般将来时的用法：1 .将要发生的动作。例如：I will leave for Beijing tomorrow.2 .将要存在的状态。例如：This time next year I will be in Japan. Where will you be?3 .打算要做的事。例如：Are you going to watch the film on television tonight?3)常用于一般将来时的时间状语：tomorrow next week in 2058 等。例题解析:1.1for Hong Kong on Saturday. Will you go to see me off at the airport?A. am leaving B. am left C. am going to leaving D. left1) 1 to see grandma and help her with some housework every week.A. came B. am going come C. come D. will come4. 一般过去时1) 一般过去时的构成：用动词的过去式。作谓语的行为动词的词尾变化如下:一般情况+ed以e字母结尾的辅音+d以辅音字母+ y结尾去y变i+ed重读闭音节结尾的单词，末尾只有一个辅音字母双写词尾字母+ed2) 一般过去时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式(以be和like为例):主语肯定式否定式疑问式I was a student.I was not a student.Were you a student.We/You/ They wereWe/You/ They were notWere you/ they第一、二人称和第三students.students.students?人称复数以及名词He/ She was a student.He/ She was not aWas he/ she a student?复数student.1/We/ You/ They/ likedI / We/ You/ They/Did you/ they likemusic.didn't like music.music?Many people likedMany people didn't likeDid many people likemusic.music.music?3) 一般过去时的用法：1 .过去发生的动作。例如：The police stopped me on my way home last night.2 .过去存在的状态。例如：They weren*t able to come because they were so busy.3 .常用于一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday, three months ago, last year, in 1979, often, always 等。 例题解析:1. Mr. Mott is out. But he here a few minutes ago.A. was B. is C. will be D. would be2. -Hi, Tom.-Hello, Fancy. I you were here.A. don't know B. won't think C. thinkD. didn't know3. He promised to tell me by himself when I.A. come B. would come C. come D. had come5.现在完成时1）现在完成时的构成：have / has + v-ing2）现在完成时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以be和see为例）:主语肯定式否定式疑问式I AVe/You/ They have been here before.I /We/You/ They haven,t been hereHave you/ they been here before?第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数He/ She has been here before.1 / We/ You/ They/ Many people have seen the film.before.He/ She hasn't been here before .1 / We/ You/ They/ Many people haven 9t seen the film.Has he/ she been here before?Have you/ they/ many people seen the film?现在完成时的用法：1、表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,常与already, just, ever, never, before等词连 用.如：She has never read this novel.他从未读过这本小说.（他对小说的内容不了解）2、表示“过去的动作”一直延续到现在并有可能继续延续下去.常与for （后跟段时间）或since （后跟点时间）等连用,如：I have been a member of the Party for 10 years.T have been a member of the Party since 10 years ago.注：在有for和since引导时间状语的句子中不能用短暂性动词，应用与之相应的表示状态 的词。如：He has died for 3 years.（F）He has been dead for 3 years.（T）注意：现在完成时不能和表示明确的过去时间连用。如：in 1998, last morning等（2）have/has been to表示“去过“（去了又回来了）have/has gone to表示“去过”（去了没回来了）如：Where has she gone?（句中所指的人不在）Where has she been?（句中作指的人在）例题解析:1 .-How longhea fever?Ever since last night.A. have, got B. have , had C. have, caught D. did, have2 .My bowl is empty. Who all my soup?A. drinks B. had drunk C. has drunk D. drank3 . I you for a long time. Where you?A. Didn't seen; did, goB. didn't see; have, goneC. haven't seen; have, been D. haven't seen; have gone6、过去进行时1）过去进行时的构成：was / were +v-ing2）过去进行时的用法：过去某一阶段或某一时刻正在进行的动作。例如：This time last year I was living in Brazil.What were you doing at 10 o'clock last night?3）常用于过去进行时的时间状语：at four yesterday afternoon, then, at that time/moment 等。例题解析:Daddy promised me he me a computerA. was bought B. had bought C bought D. would buy7、过去完成时态1）过去完成时态的构成：肯定式：had +动词的过去分词否定式：hadrTt+动词的过去分词疑问式：Had+动词的过去分词简略回答：Yes,主 + have/has had.No,主+ had现在完成时的用法过去完成时的用法：1、表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。他表示的时间是“过去 的过 去“常与 by last year, by the time of yesterday,等连用。如：She said she had seen the film 4 times.When Mr Li got to the classroom, all the students had begun reading.By the time they arrived, the bus had left.2、表示 从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。常与for （后跟段时间） 或since （后跟点时间）等连用.如：She had worked in this school since it opened 25 years ago.例题解析:1. He in Shanghai University for four years before he Beijing.A. studied, had gone B. had studied, wentC. has studied, goes D. had studied, had gone2. Mary said it was at least five years since he a good drink.A. enjoyed B. was enjoying C. had enjoyed D. would enjoy3. Xiao Pei said she Hainan for 3 months.A. has been in B. had been in C. had been to D. had gone to跟甯训翥1. （2022上）每嘉定二模）As a local journalist, John big events of the city every day.A. will reportB. reportsC. was reporting D. reported2. （2022上海徐汇模拟预测）一 Excuse me, can I have a word with Doctor Smith?一 I'm sorry, Doctor Smith on a patient at the moment.A. is operating B. operatedC. has operated D. will operate3. （2022上海崇明一模）Lynna bike to work on weekdays. She thinks it can helpprotect the environment.A. rideB. ridesC. rodeD. has ridden4. （2022上海奉贤一模）After 1028 days, Meng Wanzhou finally home on September25,2021.A.returnedB. has returnedC. will returnD.had returned5. （2022上海模拟预测）Dart the best moment of her career at Wimbledon in 2019.A.enjoysB. enjoyedC. has enjoyedD.will enjoy6. （2022上海金山二模）Jennythe violin now, and she will give a performance in theschool concert next Friday.A. playsB. playedC. will playD. is playing7. （2022上海模拟预测）The lady a walk along the street when a car hit her frombehind last night.A. tookB. was takingC. has takenD. had taken8. （2022上海闵行二模）Jack and Rose each other and contacted for a long time.A.knowB. knewC. have knownD.had known9. （2022上海杨浦二模）Iall Harry Potter books by the time I was ten!A.readB. have readC. would readD.had read10. （2022上海闵行二模）My father the underground to work on weekdays. He is agreen consumer.A. takeB. takesC. tookD. has taken11. （2022上海模才以预测）Have you had your dinner yet, Mary?一Yes, I have. My father it for me.A. was cooking B. have cooked C. will cookD. cooked12. （2022上海浦东新二模）Janet was so tired. She lay down on the sofa and soon asleep.A. fallsB. fellC. will fallD. had fallen13. （2022上海奉贤.九年级期中）Oh, my God. I my dictionary in the reading-room justnow.A. forgetB. forgotC. leftD. leave14. （2022上海普陀九年级期中）I'm sorry youe missed the train. It ten minutesago.A. leavesB. leftC. has leftD. will leave15. （2022上海模拟预测）If you nervous before exams, you can take a deep breath a