2023届江西省南昌市第十中学高三下学期第一次模拟英语试题.docx

2023届江西省南昌市第十中学高三下学期第一次模拟英语试题学校:姓名：班级：考号：一、阅读理解Today's modern travelers are journeying further to explore Europe off the beaten track, and bringing home new skills and experience. Here are 4 ideas for an unusual holiday in Europe.Volunteer in TransylvaniaTransylvania is a top choice for an unusual European city break, with wonderfully preserved medieval （中世纪的）towns and castles that inspired the famous novel Dracula. In addition, you can take your unusual holiday experience even further by volunteering in Eastern Europe's largest bear reserve and working with bears.Teach skiing in AustriaAustria is one of Europe's top skiing destinations. If you,re looking for a more unusual way to spend a winter holiday, why not consider training to be a ski instructor there? You'll gain a qualification that is recognized worldwide, and this programme includes a guaranteed paid instructor job at a ski resort （旅游胜地）once you have finished your training.Go diving in SpainFor a European holiday with a difference, take part in a plastic cleanup project based in Barcelona, help to empty plastic waste in the Mediterranean Sea and help protect the environment as you travel. This volunteer project combines diving with collecting plastic or other waste from the water, alongside giving you the chance to explore the city.Explore Tuscany on horsebackTuscany, one of the best places in Europe to explore on horseback, has witnessed a sharp increase in travelers. There are various activities that combine sightseeing with basic horse riding lessons and you can stay in Renaissance villas （文艺复兴风格的别墅）and farmhouses. You don't need to have any experience for horse riding holidays, and they are a brilliant alternative to your typical guided tour.1. What does the author suggest doing in Transylvania?A. Finding a job in the castle.1 .词数80左右；2 .请在答题卡的相应位置作答。B. Helping to care for bears.C. Reading the novel Dracula.D. Visiting its modern buildings.2. Where can you help to protect the environment while traveling?A. In Spain.B. In Tuscany.C. In Transylvania.D. In Austria.3. What do we know about horse riding holidays in Tuscany?A. They suit experienced riders.B , They are unique to Tuscany.C , They are growing in popularity.D. They feature a typical guided tour.Overlooking the DavisGant Varsity Soccer Field, a bed of overturned soil waits for further development. In a few years, this area will become a natural habitat and a playground for animals and residents. This peaceful area didn't appear naturally, but through planning and action taken by Catlin Gabel's Tiny Forest project launched by teacher Patrick Walsh.Forests typically take hundreds of years to mature, with four stages of growth. "Tiny forests flatten out time through the planting of all four layers （层）J Walsh explained. The end result is a fast-growing, native forest in about 20 years. Over 600 plants from 43 species will be planted in the tiny forest, the first one in Oregon.Walsh was inspired to build a tiny forest after hearing about this idea, which emerged in Japan and has taken hold in North America. He shared his vision with seniors in his class. The seniors researched tiny forests and made a proposal resulting in Clean Water Services donating 60 trees and $5,000 from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Armed with these resources, Walsh and the students started working. "Something I didn't really expect was the outpouring of students9 enthusiasm. Seeing students from all grades volunteered to contribute to the "dirty work, really blew me away," Walsh said.Senior Megan Cover has been at the school since the first grade. "I'll graduate after working on this project, which is surely sad, but it's really rewarding and great to be a part of this project and to do my bit. We're creating this educational space for many young kids J Cover said.Walsh summed up his goal of the project, which is to build a place where students can enjoy and learn about nature. "The forest will obviously not solve climate change, but it would deserve the efforts if the kids think about climate change and remember the importance of reforestation and trees when they look outside at the fbrest.”4. What is special about tiny forests?A. They originated in North America.B , They are usually planted in schools.C. They contain various types of trees.D. They become mature in a shorter time.5. What surprised Walsh in the process of planting the tiny forest?A. The abundance of native tree species.B , Public concern about the environment.C. The active participation of students.D. Support from local organizations.6. How does Megan Cover feel about the project?A. Proud.B. Hopeful.C. Excited.D. Grateful.7. What does Walsh want the forest to function as for the students?A. A source of enjoyment.B. A reminder.C , A source of inspiration.D. A witness.Lila Gleitman was driving her two-year-old daughter in the car when, going across a sharp turn, she advised her daughter to "hold on tight”. The kid responded, "Isn't that 'tightly'?”It was a turning point in her career. Realizing that her two-year-old already had an understanding of language made Gleitman want to get into her child's head. She wondered: What does she know, and when does she know it?Gleitman turned those questions into a research career that helped define psycholinguistics （心理语言学）.Her early interest coincided with Noam Chomsky, a frequent visitor to the University of Pennsylvania when she studied there. The two scholars considered that the mental systems which might produce the sentences you hear, are shaped by abstract rules that speakers may not even know that they know.An early piece of Gleitman research, fbr example, researched small children's “telegraphic" speech, in which many words are left out: a kid might say "throw ball“ rather than "throw me the ball”. This seems to imply that the child's knowledge is instinctive. But she found that children obey instructions better when their parents use adult-style English than when they copy their kids.So parents do not need to use “motherese”her husband Henry's term - with their children. She found that their progressive mastery of language rules had little to do with how much (or little) motherese their caregivers used.As the learning process goes on, children deploy some remarkable strategies. They often seem to correctly guess what a word means after hearing it just once. The physical environment is an obvious encouragement (as when they hear “dog” and see one at the same time). But how would a child guess the meaning of the verb in "I believed that he lost his keys"？ Gleitman noticed that the sentence structure is identical to those with other verbs that mean similar things: saw, remembered, worried and doubted. More broadly, it turned out that verbs which are similar in meaning tend to turn up in similar sentence structures. This helps children learn quickly, a process she called "syntactic bootstrapping (语法自举) 8. What was the turning point in Gleitman career?A. Her husband's persuasion.8. One suggestion from her professor. C Her meeting with Noam Chomsky. D. One sentence from her daughter.9. When do kids follow their parents, instructions better?A. When the parents use "motherese”.B. When the parents use adult-style English.C. When the parents copy their kids, languages.D. When the parents adopt remarkable strategies.10. What does the underlined word "deploy“ in the last paragraph probably mean?A. Abandon.B. Plan.C. Change.D. Use.11. How does a kid know the meaning of a verb according to Gleitman?A. By looking it up in a dictionary.B. B. By being told by his or her parents.C. By guessing it from sentence structures.D. D. By learning it in his or her school.It's one of the ultimate tests of willpower: you've been wandering around the market fbr hours and you9re tired and hungry. Then you catch a smell of something fragrant （香的）and delicious, probably fried and almost certainly fattening. Junk food companies are well aware that the smell of their product sets off a desire in your brain and that you'll pay fbr that later. It is a response that has been researched, and you'd better believe your favorite fast-food chains have marketing teams that are using that research to their advantage.Lefs take a closer look at this process. Have you ever noticed that whatever indulgent food （放纵型食品）catches your attention tends to be most appealing just after you first smell it? A couple of minutes later you are standing in line, and it isn't quite inviting as it was just moments ago, but now you've invested time, so you trust your first feeling to treat yourself.But a recent statement says that this is actually the right moment to walk away. Dipayan Biswas, a marketing professor, found there is a direct connection between how long a person is exposed to indulgent food smells and choosing healthier foods. uThe results of a series of experiments show that extended exposure of more than two minutes to junk food smells leads to fewer purchases of unhealthy foods compared with no smell or a non-junk-food-related smell,“ reads the summary of his study.What appears to be going on here is that the brain doesn't necessarily distinguish between a pleasurable smell and a pleasant taste. "Extended exposure to an indulgent food smell brings pleasure in the mind, which in turn reduces the desire for actual consumption of indulgent foods J he explains. So next time you feel you don't have the willpower to resist cookies, smell all that sweetness fbr just a minute or two. To your brain it's the same as actually eating cookies, and the purchase desire would decrease.12. What can we learn about junk food smells from the first paragraph?A. They can make a difference in marketing. B , They hardly affect people's food choices. C. They are unlikely to fool wise customers. D. They finally decrease people's purchase desire. 13. What does the second paragraph basically serve as?A. An argument. B. An example. C. A comparison. D. A comment. 14. Which statement will Biswas probably agree with?A. The brain can't tell where sensory pleasure is from.B , The senses of taste and smell are closely linked.C. The influence of food smells changes over time.D. The behavior of smelling food doesn't equal eating it.15 . Which of the following could the best title for the text?A. Train Your Brain to Resist Junk FoodB. Watch Out for Tricky Marketing ToolsC. Food Addiction Is Never About WillpowerD. Smelling Junk Food Longer Can Keep You Off It二、七选五Some people love a great thunderstorm; others are frightened by the first flash of lightning or sound of thunder. 16 But there are easy steps you can take to protect your home and your life from lightning.Protect Electronics from Severe Weather17 It can follow the wires or phone lines into your room-ruining computers, TVs and other electronics. One protection against electronics being "fiiecT by lightning is simply to unplug them whenever a rain or a storm is coming. Disconnect Internet and satellite dish connections no matter where they are.Reduce the Risk of FireLightning rods （避雷针）can protect a building from catching fire. 18 They just provide a path for the electricity to reach the ground more safely. The rods at the top of the building are only the first part of a good system. When lightning strikes, the electricity needs to move to the ground. Wires conduct electricity from the lightning rods to metal rods buried in the ground. 19Understand LightningWhen lightning hits the ground, a tree, a tower or even a building, it may also spreads along the ground, so being near something thafs struck by lightning is almost as dangerous as being hit directly by lightning. 20 The Empire State Building gets struck by lightning around 20 times every year. Its lightning rod protects the structure, as well as the people inside.A. It can even strike the same spot more than once.B. You might want to consider protecting an entire building.C. When this happens, anything in its path could be in danger.D. But the chance of lightning striking your house doesn't change.E. Each connection must be secure so lightning doesn9t jump to the building.F. Lightning hitting your roof or nearby power lines is terrible but not worst.G. Whether you love or hate them, thunderstorms produce dangerous lightning.三、完形填空When I was in primary school, my school had an annual sports day. Usually, girls were21 in sports like jump rope and boys did the high jump, which I was 22 to take part in. I went to23up, but the coach said, “Girls don't do the high jump/9I went home and24Mom of the coach's words. She visited the headmaster thenext day. "Mr. White, Linda wants to do the high jump.M "Sorry, Mrs. Martinez, but it's our25 that girls can't do it J he said. "But Mr. White, I have no 26 of any rules saying that." Finding no such rules, Mr. White, feeling 27、said “I have toconsider it“ at last.When we got home, Mom told me something I would always 28: This wasn'tjust about me. Other girls 29 wanted to do this, too. A week later, Mom went to Mr. White again. Finally, he 30. As it turned out, I won the high jump competition. Tomy 31, some of the cheers I got were from boys! My mother was 32一 it wasn't about me. It was about making people 33 and see what girls could do.Later, I used this 34 in my career as a building contractor 一 women weren't35 to construct buildings. When I first 36 the business, Mom said,“Go ahead. Start small, but think 37 I started with small projects and now mycompany can handle large ones.Those experiences taught me though people wouldn't always 38 us, weshould be brave to jump over 39 and take paths few girls and women would take.D. warnedAnd this has really made a 40.21.A.interestedB.involvedC.skilledD.gifted22.A.anxiousB.hesitantC.readyD.afraid23.A.buildB.fixc.makeD.sign24. A. remindedB , informedC. convinced25.A. conventionB. conclusionC. compromiseD. criterion26.A. opinionB, senseC. knowledgeD. intention27.A. concernedB, annoyedC. discouragedD. embarrassed28.A , rememberB undertakeC. considerD. seek29.A. accidentallyB. obviouslyC. probablyD. rarely30.A. insistedB. agreedC. declinedD. quit31.A. satisfactionB . delightC. reliefD. surprise32.A. certainB , wrongC. rightD. realistic33.A. think aboutB. argue aboutC approve ofD. talk of34.A. ruleB. remarkC. truthD. lesson35.A. demandedB. qualifiedC. supposedD. designed36.A. made way forB set foot inC , threw light onD. kept track of37.A. bigB . hardC. longD. deep38.A. helpB. mindC- acceptD. need39.A. polesB. fencesC , risksD. bo