精品解析：江苏省南京市金陵中学河西分校2022-2023学年八年级下学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）.docx

金中河西初中部2022-2023学年度第二学期期中考试初二年级英语学科第一卷 (共55分)一、听力 (共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分) 第一部分听对话回答问题本部分共有5道小题, 每小题你将听到一段对话, 每段对话听两遍。在听每段对话前, 你将有5 秒钟的时间阅读题目; 听完后, 你还有5 秒钟的时间选出你认为最合适的备选答案。1. Where did the woman visit? A. B. C. 2. How does the man go to work today? A. B. C. 3. Where didnt the girl visit in her holiday? A. B. C. 4. How does Jim want to spend his vacation? A. B. C. 5. What did the girl do on the farm? A. B. C. 第二部分 听对话和短文回答问题你将听到一段对话和一篇短文, 各听两遍。听每段对话或短文前, 你将有时间阅读相关小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 每小题你仍有5秒钟的时间选出你认为最合适的备选答案。听一段对话, 回答第6 至7小题。6. Why is Sam so excited? A. Because he will go to dinner with his friend. B. Because his parents will take him to Hong Kong. C. Because he will go to a concert tonight. 7. When is he going to leave? A. On June17. B. On July 27. C. On July 29. 听一篇短文, 回答第8 至10小题。请根据短文内容, 选择正确答案, 完成信息记录表。Visit to Mauritius (毛里求斯)CountryMauritius is an island country with 8 around it. ActivitiesBeach volleyball, fishing and swimming. Enjoying its white beaches, beautiful 9 and clear seas. Languages 10 8. A. sea B. mountain C. river9. A. sunshine B. sunrises C. sunsets10 A. English and French B. English and Japanese C. French and Japanese听第二篇短文, 回答第11 至15小题。11. Where was the speaker going when the accident happened? A. To a hospital. B. To a police station. C. To a cinema. 12. How did the speaker decide to go there? A. By bike. B. By bus. C. On foot. 13. How did the accident happen? A. The woman didnt stop at a stop sign. B. The bus was out of control. C. The man was eating while he was driving. 14. What were the two drivers doing when the police came? A. Drinking coffee. B. Arguing badly. C. Calling for help. 15. Who was badly hurt in the accident? A. The car driver. B. The bus driver. C. Nobody. 二、单项选择 (共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分) 1. Do you know which book doesnt belong to the four great classical Chinese noveis? Of course I know. Its _.A. Journey to tree WestB. A Dream of Red MansionsC. The Romance of the Three KingdomsD. Madame White Snake【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：你知道哪本书不属于中国四大名著吗？我当然知道，它是白蛇传。考查常识。Journey to the West西游记；A Dream of Red Mansions红楼梦；The Romance of the Three Kingdoms 三国演义；Madame White Snake白蛇传。根据文学常识，中国四大名著有西游记、水浒传、三国演义和红楼梦，白蛇传不属于四大名著。故选D。2. Everyone except Tom and Mike _ London before.A. has gone toB. have been toC. has been toD. have gone to【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：除了汤姆和迈克，每个人以前都去过伦敦。考查现在完成时和主谓一致。have been to去过（已回来）；have gone to去了（还未回来）。根据“before”可知已经回来，用结构have been to；根据“Everyone except Tom and Mike”可知此处except连接的成分作主语时，遵循“就远原则”，谓语动词和Everyone保持一致，助动词用has。故选C。3. Lucy hit her head _ the wall when reading the message on the phone. Luckily, she wasnt hurt.A. aboveB. oppositeC. onD. against【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：露西看电话留言时头撞到了墙上。幸运的是，她没有受伤。考查介词辨析。above表示在之上；opposite在对面；on在上面；against紧靠，撞。根据“Lucy hit her head.the wall ”可知，此处是指她的头撞在墙上，因此用介词against，故选D。4. Im afraid the class has begun. Dont worry. It _ until the bell _.A. doesnt begin; ringsB. wont begin; will ringC. wont begin; ringsD. doesnt begin; will ring【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：恐怕课已经开始了。不要担心。直到铃声响了才会开始。考查动词时态。until引导时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，主句用一般将来时的否定结构wont+动词原形，从句用一般现在时，从句的主语the bell是第三人称，动词用三单形式，故选C。5. I am not sure which tie to wear for the party. God! I have no idea, _.A. tooB. neitherC. eitherD. also【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：我不确定参加聚会该打哪条领带。天啊！我也不知道。考查副词辨析。too也，用于肯定句句末；neither（否定的陈述同样适用于其他人或物）也不；either也（不），用于否定句句末；also也，用于句中。根据“I have no idea, .”可知，此处用于否定句句末，故选C。6. _ have you stayed in this hotel? Not long, just _ this Wednesday.A. How soon; sinceB. How long; sinceC. How soon; fromD. How long; from【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：你在旅馆待了多长时间了？不长时间，就从这周三开始。考查特殊疑问句和词义辨析。how soon用来询问多久之后，常用于将来时；how long用来询问多长时间；since自从；from从。根据“Not long（不长时间）”可知，这是在描述做某事用了多久，因此特殊疑问词应用how long；又知答语应为一段时间，所以所缺部分应与this Wednesday构成时间段，how long提问，答语常为for+一段时间或since+时间点，而且this Wednesday“这周三”为一个时间点，所以用since。故选B。7. Look at the performer playing the guitar upside down on the stage. Is it Jim? It _ be him. He told me he would surprise us.A. mustntB. cantC. mustD. may【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：看这位演员在舞台上倒立着弹吉他。是吉姆吗？ 一定是他。他告诉过我他会给我们惊喜。考查情态动词表推测。mustnt禁止，不得；cant不可能，不会；must一定；may也许。根据“He told me he would surprise us.”可知，吉姆曾说过他会这样做，所以表演者就是吉姆的可能性是非常大的。故选C。8. Your new phone really has a big screen. Can you use it for _?Sure. I often check and write my report on it.A. watching videosB. sending emailsC. playing gamesD. doing word processing【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：你的新手机的屏幕确实很大。你能用它进行文字处理吗？当然。我经常在上面检查和书写我的报告。考查动词短语。watching videos 观看视频；sending emails 发送电子邮件；playing games 玩游戏；doing word processing 进行文字处理。根据后者回答“I often check and write my report on it.”可知，新手机具有文字处理的功能。故选D。9. As China _ the market to the West, I think people will be able to spend more money on foreign goods.A. picks upB. puts upC. makes upD. opens up【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：随着中国向西方开放市场，我认为人们将花更多的钱在外国商品上。考查动词短语辨析。picks up捡起；puts up张贴；makes up组成；opens up开启，开放。根据“I think people will be able to spend more money on foreign goods.”人们会买更多的国外商品，可推测此处是指中国向西方开放。故选D。10. You _ to me! Kitty isnt here! How come? I just saw her _ on the grass a minute ago I promise.A. lied; liedB. lies; layC. lied; lyingD. lay; laying【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：你跟我说谎！Kitty不在这！怎么会？我一分钟前才看到她躺在草地上，我保证。考查动词辨析以及非谓语动词。lie说谎，躺；lay产卵。根据“You to me! Kitty isnt here”可知，第一空表示“说谎”，动作发生在过去，所以用过去式lied。根据“on the grass”可知，此处用lie on the grass表示“躺在草地上”，see sb doing sth表示“看见某人正在做某事”，故选C。11. Don't put the food out of his if you leave. It's difficult for him to move with his broken legs.A. reachB. feelC. tasteD. touch【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：如果你离开，不要把食物放在他够不到的地方。让他用伤腿移动太难了。A.触摸；B.感觉；C.品尝；D.触摸。首先，out of，表示在.之外。根据后一句，他用伤腿移动太难了。所以前一句要表达不要把吃的放到他够不到的地方。根据句意，此空是触摸，到达的意思，此空应填reach,更符合语境，故选A。12. People in Nanjing _ walk or ride bikes, but now they _ taking the bus or driving cars.A. used to; used toB. were used to; used toC. were used to; are used toD. used to; are used to【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：南京的人们过去常走路或骑自行车，但现在他们习惯了坐公共汽车或开车。考查动词短语。used to do过去常常做某事；be used to doing习惯于做某事；be used to do被用来做某事。根据“walk or rid bikes, but now they.taking the bus”可知是过去常常走路或骑自行车，但是现在习惯了坐公交车或开车，故第一个空用used to do，第二个空是be used to doing。故选D。13. Did you miss the show? No. I have a strong sense of time and always show up _.A. on timeB. at a timeC. some timesD. from time to time【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：你错过演出了吗？不。我有很强的时间观念，并且总是准时到场。考查介词短语辨析。on time准时；at a time每次；some times几次；from time to time有时，偶尔。根据“I have a strong sense of time”可知，我时间观念强，因此应该总是准时。故选A。14. Learning English in a classroom is important, but using English in real _ will improve skills greatly.A. conditionsB. situationsC. eventsD. positions【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：在教室里学习英语是很重要的，但是在真实的情况中使用英语将大大提高技能。考查名词词义辨析。A. conditions条件，天气等状况；B. situations形势，情况；C. events事件；D. positions位置；根据句意及选项可知，“在真实的情况中使用英语将大大提高技能”，现实中多运用，选B更合适。15. Do you mind if I sit here? _. It is for my friend Mary.A. Not at allB. No, I dont mindC. Better notD. Thats all right【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：你介意我坐在这里吗？最好不要。这是给我的朋友玛丽的。考查情景交际。Not at all一点也不；No, I dont mind不，我不介意；Better not最好不要；Thats all right没关系。根据“It is for my friend Mary.”可知，应是让对方最好不要坐在这里。故选C。三、完形填空 (共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分) Sit With UsYoure at your new school. Its lunch time, but you dont have anyone to sit with. You want to join someone at their table, _16_ youre not sure if theyre friendly. What do you do? Natalies _17_ of solving the problem was to create an app. She knows what it feels like to be alone at a new school. She found it difficult to make new friends and had to _18_ a new table at lunch every day. If she sat _19_, she felt lonely. But if she asked to join someone and was _20_, she felt embarrassed. She created a lunch-planning app to help students like her find people to have lunch with. The appcalled Sit With Usis simple. If a student is having lunch in the afternoon, he or she can create an invitation. Other students can open the app and _21_ that invitation. They can then use the app to decide when and where to _22_. This allows students to make plans online instead of face-to-face. This is the reason why it works so _23_: it lowers the risk of being refused, and the embarrassment that goes along with it. Natalie is happy to see that people are replying to her app activelyespecially those who suffer from bullying (遭受欺凌). Soon after she made her app available to the public, she won a prize for it. She also appeared in many news stories. Natalie was even asked to speak at a university. In her _24_, Natalie wanted people to know that you dont have to do something _25_ to change lives. Sometimes, a simple thinglike having a friend to enjoy lunch withcan make all the difference.16. A. soB. orC. forD. but17. A. habitB. courseC. methodD. question18. A. search forB. fix upC. give outD. get away from19. A. on timeB. in a hurryC. by herselfD. in public20. A. calledB. refusedC. discussedD. believed21. A. missB. makeC. sendD. accept22. A stopB. studyC. meetD. exercise23. A. lateB. wellC. hardD. loudly24. A. bookB. talkC. schoolD. picture25. A. bigB. newC. similarD. enjoyable【答案】16. D 17. C 18. A 19. C 20. B 21. D 22. C 23. B 24. B 25. A【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了午餐计划appSit With Us的创建者娜塔莉创建这款app的目的以及这款app带给人们的好处。【16题详解】句意：你想和某人同桌，但你不确定他们是否友好。so因此；or否则；for为了；but但是。根据“You want to join someone at their table.youre not sure if theyre friendly.”可知，两句是转折关系，用but表转折。故选D。【17题详解】句意：娜塔莉解决这个问题的方法是创建一个应用程序。habit习惯；course课程；method方法；question问题。根据“of solving the problem was to create an app”可知，这是解决问题的方法。故选C。【18题详解】句意：她发现很难交到新朋友，每天午餐时都得找一张新桌子。search for搜寻；fix up修理；give out分发；get away from逃离。根据“had to.a new table at lunch every day”可知，每天午餐时都得找一张新桌子。故选A。【19题详解】句意：如果她一个人坐着，她会感到孤独。on time准时；in a hurry匆忙；by herself独自一人；in public当众。根据“. she felt lonely”可知，是她独自一人坐着。故选C。【20题详解】句意：但如果她要求加入某个人而被拒绝，她就会感到尴尬。called打电话；refused拒绝；discussed讨论；believed相信。根据“But if she asked to join someone and was., she felt embarrassed.”可知，此处是她要求和某人一起用餐，但是被拒绝的话，她会感到尴尬。故选B。【21题详解】句意：其他学生可以打开应用程序并接受邀请。miss错过；make制作；send发送；accept接受。根据“They can then use the app to decide when and where to.”可知，接受了邀请才有确定时间和地点的可能。故选D。【22题详解】句意：然后，他们可以使用该应用程序来决定见面的时间和地点。stop停止；study学习；meet见面；exercise锻炼。根据“They can then use the app to decide when and where to”可知是决定见面的时间和地点。故选C。【23题详解】句意：这就是它如此有效的原因：它降低了被拒绝的风险，以及随之而来的尴尬。late晚的；well好地；hard努力地；loudly大声地。根据“it lowers the risk of being refused, and the embarrassment that goes along with it.”可知，这款软件很好。故选B。【24题详解】句意：在她的演讲中，娜塔莉想让人们知道，你不必做什么大事来改变生活。book书；talk演讲；school学校；picture图片。根据“Natalie was even asked to speak at a university.”可知，此处指的是演讲。故选B。【25题详解】句意：在她的演讲中，娜塔莉想让人们知道，你不必做什么大事来改变生活。big大的；new新的；similar相似的；enjoyable令人愉快的。根据“ Sometimes, a simple thinglike having a friend to enjoy lunch withcan make all the difference.”可知不必做什么大事。故选A。四、阅读理解 (共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分) AJane, a reporter, is collecting information for the local newspaper. She is interested in the following things introduced in a magazine. Smart SchoolbagForget to pack the books you need into your schoolbag in the morning rush? A schoolboy aged 11 has invented a schoolbag. It tells you which books to pack. A small computer and a scanner (扫描装置) are fixed in the bag. As each book is put into the bag, it is checked by the scanner. If any book is missing, a message will be shown on the computer screen to remind you. Weather SweetsCan you eat weather? A university makes that happen. It uses a 3D printer to create sweets based on the weather information of a certain day. The shapes of the sweets are affected by wind speed. The colors of the sweets are decided by temperature. The sweets act as a weather record of the day when they are made. Sunrise BedIts hard for you to get up in the morning, isnt it? To help you get up, a company has created a “tool”a sunrise bed. It wakes you up gently as a sunrise does. Lights built into the bed turn on and start to get brighter and brighter. When the lights are fully on, soft music will begin to play. It will be louder and louder until you turn it off. The company explains, “The gentle light tells your body that it is morning, so it stops producing a chemical that helps you sleep.”26. What can the smart schoolbag do?A. Help you repair computers.B. Tell you when to pack books.C. Teach you how to fix screens.D. Remind you of the missing books.27. _ affect(s) the shapes of the weather sweets.A. ColorsB. Wind speedC. TemperatureD. 3D printers28. Which of the following shows how a sunrise bed wakes you up?A. lights onmusic onlights brightermusic louderB. music onmusic louderlights onlights brighterC. lights onlights brightermusic onmusic louderD. music onlights onmusic louderlights brighter【答案】26. D 27. B 28. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了智能书包、天气糖果、日出的床三项发明。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据“If any book is missing, a message will be shown on the computer screen to remind you.”可知，这款智能书包可以提醒你忘记放进书包里的书。故选D。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据“The shapes of the sweets are affected by wind speed.”可知，风速影响天气糖果的形状。故选B。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据“Lights built into the bed turn on and start to get brighter and brighter.”及“soft music will begin to play. It will be louder and louder until you turn it off.”可知，日出床叫醒人的步骤是：灯先打开，然后灯光变得越来越亮，其次音乐打开，最后音乐的声音越来越大。故选C。BYou might have heard of Bear Grylls. He is a famous traveller from the UK. He likes to travel to beautiful and dangerous places around the world. But more than 400 years ago in China, there was a traveller even cooler than Bear Grylls. He spent 30 years travelling across China. His name was Xu Xiake. Where did Xu go? Xu travelled to 21 provinces and over 100 cities in China. He climbed thousands of mountains and found more than 350 caves. He was the first person to find the highest peak of Huangshan Mountain. He was also the first to find lots of karst caves (喀斯特溶洞). Whats more, he first found out the Yangtze Rivers headwater. Xu travelled mostly on foot. He often slept and ate in the wild. On his way, he was robbed (被抢劫) three times. Sometimes he fell into rivers or ran into dangerous animals. But he never gave up and enjoyed his journey. How did Xu start his journey? Xu Xiake was born in Jiangsu Province. When he was a child, Xu enjoyed reading books about Chinese mountains and rivers. At that time, many kids were studying hard to become officials (官员). But Xus father never made him take any exams. Instead, he encouraged his son to g