专题23 【培优小题狂练】阅读理解书评狂练30篇（五年真题+最新模拟）-2024年新高考英语二轮复习 含解析.docx

2024年新高考英语二轮复习 【培优小题狂练】专题23 【培优小题狂练】阅读理解书评狂练30篇（五年真题+最新模拟）原卷版【三年考情回顾】年份卷次主题语境题型分类2023年新高考II卷人与社会：物品纳入历史叙事以更好地理解无文字社会的重要性2个推理判断题1个主旨大意题1个词义猜测题全国甲卷人与社会：介绍了The Socrates Express1个细节理解题2个推理判断题1个主旨大意题2022年全国乙卷人与社会：Dorothy Wickenden的书 ：Nothing Daunted: The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West 2个细节理解题2个推理判断题2020年新高考卷人与社会：介绍Chasing the Sea: Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia 诞生记1个细节理解题2个推理判断题1个主旨大意题【题型应对策略】一、书评写作特点1. 简明扼要地开始在书评的开头，用简单而明了的语言介绍你将要谈论的书籍、作者和主题。你可以在这里提出你的观点，或者引用一些有关书籍的有趣或引人入胜的内容，以激发读者的兴趣。例：To Kill a Mockingbird是 Harper Lee 的一部小说，讲述了一个在 20 世纪 30 年代南部小镇 Maycomb 的男孩 Scout Finch 的成长故事，也是一部对社会不公与种族歧视的深入探讨。2. 分析并阐释图书主题在书评的核心部分，你可以分析小说的主题，并解释作者想要表达的观点。你可以用引用和实例来支持你的观点，并且对于书中的人物、情节、对话和其他元素，可以展开详细的解释。例：在小说中，作者 Harper Lee 很好地表达了针对种族歧视与不平等现象的深入思考。她通过以 Scout 和她的家人为中心的故事，在书中不断地探讨这种现象对社会和个人带来的影响。例如，书中描述的一些场景以及托马斯·罗宾逊案件的发生，使得读者能够深入了解与种族歧视相关的问题，以及它们是如何影响当地社会的。3. 摘要和评价在书评的最后，总结你的观点和评价，看这本书对你的感知有何影响。确保你的结论能够概括你对小说的总体印象，并且可以给读者一个清晰的看法。你可以谈论这本书的可读性、作者的写作风格和故事的深意等方面。例：总的来说，我认为To Kill a Mockingbird是一本值得读的书。作者 Harper Lee 运用了一种深入的，生动的方式将其讲述，让读者深入到其故事中，并深入思考与社会不平等相关的问题。这本书提供了关于种族问题的真切叙述，以及有关社会和个人应如何对抗不公现象的深刻见解。二、书评类阅读技巧1.书评会涉及到书目中提到的人名、地名、机构等专有名词，学会去识别定位；2.书评会涉及书目内容、故事情节、人物性格、人物评价等，多用一般现在时；3.尾段多进行客观公正的评论或评价，可以是对书籍作者的写作手法，文中主人公的命运和性格特征的评论，也可以是自己阅读之后学到的道理。【高考真题再练】1.（2022新高考II卷C篇）Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object the book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world. The image of the reader appears throughout history, in art made long before books as we now know them came into being. In artists representations of books and reading, we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond culture and time. In this “book of books,” artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses absorbed in a volume, deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate to. Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect (才智), wealth or faith of the subject. Before the wide use of the printing press, books were treasured objects and could be works of art in their own right. More recently, as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway, artists have used them as the raw material for artworks transforming covers, pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures. Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated. From a 21st-century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader. To serve its function, a book must be activated by a user: the cover opened, the pages parted, the contents reviewed, perhaps notes written down or words underlined. And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “off-line” activity.28. Where is the text most probably taken from?A. An introduction to a book.B. An essay on the art of writing.C. A guidebook to a museum.D. A review of modern paintings.29. What are the selected artworks about?A. Wealth and intellect.B. Home and school.C. Books and reading.D. Work and leisure.30. What do the underlined words “relate to” in paragraph 2 mean?A. Understand.B. Paint.C. Seize.D. Transform.31. What does the author want to say by mentioning the e-reader?A. The printed book is not totally out of date.B. Technology has changed the way we read.C. Our lives in the 21st century are networked.D. People now rarely have the patience to read.2.（2023全国甲卷C篇）I was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarders Sophies World. It was full of ideas that were new to me, so I spent the summer with my head in and out of that book. It spoke to me and brought me into a world of philosophy (哲学).That love for philosophy lasted until I got to college. Nothing kills the love for philosophy faster than people who think they understand Foucault, Baudrillard, or Confucius better than you and then try to explain them.Eric Weiners The Socrates Express: In Search of Life Lessons from Dead Philosophers reawakened my love for philosophy. It is not an explanation, but an invitation to think and experience philosophy.Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosophers work in the context (背景) of one thing they can help us do better. The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates, see like Thoreau, listen like Schopenhauer, and have no regrets like Nietzsche. This, more than a book about understanding philosophy, is a book about learning to use philosophy to improve a life.He makes philosophical thought an appealing exercise that improves the quality of our experiences, and he does so with plenty of humor. Weiner enters into conversation with some of the most important philosophers in history, and he becomes part of that crowd in the process by decoding (解读) their messages and adding his own interpretation.The Socrates Express is a fun, sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire, loneliness, and aging. The invitation is clear: Weiner wants you to pick up a coffee or tea and sit down with this book. I encourage you to take his offer. Its worth your time, even if time is something we dont have a lot of.28. Who opened the door to philosophy for the author?A. Foucault.B. Eric Weiner.C. Jostein Gaarder.D. A college teacher.29. Why does the author list great philosophers in paragraph 4?A. To compare Weiner with them.B. To give examples of great works.C. To praise their writing skills.D. To help readers understand Weiners book.30. What does the author like about The Socrates Express?A. Its views on history are well-presented.B. Its ideas can be applied to daily life.C. It includes comments from readers.D. It leaves an open ending.31. What does the author think of Weiners book?A. Objective and plain.B. Daring and ambitious.C. Serious and hard to follow.D. Humorous and straightforward.词汇收集philosophy flsfi n. 哲学，哲理；哲学思想philosophical flsfkl adj. 哲学的，哲学上的；冷静的，理性的reawaken riwekn vt. 使复苏；使再生；使再次觉醒explanation ksplnen n. 解释，说明；辩解invitation nvten n. 邀请，招待；请柬chapter tæptr n. 章，回；篇scene sin n. 场景；现场；风景；景色frame frem n. 框架，结构；边框；骨架context kntkst n. 上下文，背景；环境appealing pil adj. 吸引人的，有感染力的；诉诸情感的process prss n. 过程，进程；处理，加工decode dikod vt. 解码；译解；破译interpretation ntrprte()n n. 解释，说明；诠释；口译sharp rp adj. 锐利的，尖锐的；敏锐的simplicity smplsti n. 简单，简易；朴素，纯真背景常识苏格拉底（Socrates）：Socrates was an ancient Greek philosopher and is considered one of the founders of Western philosophy. His philosophical method emphasized dialogue and questioning, emphasizing self-knowledge and recognizing ones own ignorance, and seeking truth through constant exploration and reflection.苏格拉底（Socrates）是古希腊哲学家，被认为是西方哲学的奠基者之一。他的哲学方法以对话和提问为主，强调人的自我认识，认为真正的智慧在于承认自己的无知，并通过不断探索和思考来寻求真理。梭罗（Henry David Thoreau）Henry David Thoreau was a 19th-century American writer, philosopher, and poet. He advocated for harmony with nature and opposed materialism and consumerism. His famous work, Walden, is a literary classic that reflects on life, self-exploration, and social criticism.梭罗（Henry David Thoreau）是19世纪美国的作家、哲学家和诗人。他主张与自然和谐相处，反对社会的物质主义和消费主义。他的著名著作瓦尔登湖（Walden）是一部反思生活、自我探索和社会批判的文学经典。叔本华（Arthur Schopenhauer）Arthur Schopenhauer was a German philosopher and is hailed as the “first philosopher of the post-Kantian era.” His philosophy posits that the world consists of two levels: will and knowledge. He believes that human desires and suffering are inevitable, and the only way to be released from them is through self-transcendence and inner peace.叔本华（Arthur Schopenhauer）是德国哲学家，被誉为“后康德时代的第一哲学家”。他的哲学思想主张世界是由意志和知识两个层面构成的，认为人的欲望和痛苦是不可避免的，而唯一的解脱方式是通过自我超越和内心的安宁。尼采（Friedrich Nietzsche）Friedrich Nietzsche was a 19th-century German philosopher, writer, and poet, and is considered one of the founders of modern thought. His philosophy advocates for transcending the traditional constraints of morality and religion, emphasizing individual freedom and creativity, and recognizing human value through affirmation and pursuit of life. His famous works include Thus Spoke Zarathustra and The Will to Power.尼采（Friedrich Nietzsche）是19世纪德国哲学家、文学家和诗人，被认为是现代思想的奠基人之一。他的哲学思想主张超越传统道德和宗教的束缚，强调个体的自由和创造力，认为人的价值在于对生命的肯定和追求。他的著名著作包括查拉图斯特拉如是说（Thus Spoke Zarathustra）和权力意志（The Will to Power）等。提到的著作苏菲的世界Sophies World is a novel by Norwegian author Jostein Gaarder, first published in 1991、The novel is a philosophical novel and follows the story of a 14-year-old girl named Sophie Amundsen, who lives in Norway.Sophie receives a mysterious letter asking her the question “Who are you?” and soon after begins receiving letters from a philosopher named Alberto Knox. Through her correspondence with Alberto, Sophie begins to learn about the history of philosophy, from ancient Greek philosophers to modern thinkers.As Sophie learns about philosophy, she also begins to question the nature of reality and the meaning of life. She discovers that her own existence may not be as straightforward as she once thought, and she is forced to confront some difficult and complex philosophical questions.The novel is a blend of philosophy and fiction, and it has been praised for making complex philosophical concepts accessible to a wider audience. It has been translated into over 50 languages and has sold over 40 million copies worldwide.苏菲的世界是挪威作家约斯坦·高德尔于1991年出版的一部哲学小说。小说讲述了一个14岁女孩苏菲·阿蒙森的故事，她生活在挪威。苏菲收到了一封神秘的信件，询问她“你是谁？”，随后她开始收到来自哲学家阿尔伯托·诺克斯的信件。通过与阿尔伯托的通信，苏菲开始了解哲学的历史，从古希腊哲学家到现代思想家。随着苏菲学习哲学，她也开始质疑现实的本质和生命的意义。她发现自己的存在可能并不像她曾经想象的那样简单，她被迫面对一些困难和复杂的哲学问题。这部小说是哲学和小说的融合，因使复杂的哲学概念更易于普通读者理解而受到好评。它已被翻译成50多种语言，全球销量超过4000万册。苏格拉底快车“The Socrates Express: In Search of Life Lessons from Dead Philosophers” is a philosophical book written by author Eric Weiner. The book was published in 2020 and aims to explore important life lessons through in-depth examination of the thoughts of deceased philosophers.In this book, Weiner travels through Europe and Asia by train to explore the thoughts of numerous philosophers, such as Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Kant, Nietzsche, and others. He uses vivid stories, personal experiences, and analysis of philosophers thoughts to help readers gain a deeper understanding of these great thinkers.The book aims to help readers gain deeper insights and understanding of life through philosophical thinking. It has been praised as an insightful and inspiring philosophical book and has received widespread acclaim.苏格拉底快车是一本由作家埃里克·韦斯特曼编写的哲学读物。该书于2020年出版，旨在通过对已故哲学家的思想进行深入研究，探索人生中的重要教训。在这本书中，韦斯特曼通过列车旅行的方式，游历欧洲和亚洲，探索了众多哲学家的思想，例如苏格拉底、柏拉图、亚里士多德、康德、尼采等。他以生动的故事、个人经历和对哲学家的思想分析，让读者更加深入地了解这些思想家的思想。这本书旨在帮助读者通过哲学思考，获得对生命的更深刻的理解和启示。它被誉为一本富有启示性和洞察力的哲学读物，受到了广泛的好评。3.（2022全国乙卷C篇）In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N. Y.Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwoodtraveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. The girls had gone to Smith College. They wore expensive clothes. So for them to move to Elkhead, Colo. to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise. Their stay in Elkhead is the subject of Nothing Daunted: The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden, who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruffs granddaughter. Why did they go then? Well, they wanted to do something useful. Soon, however, they realized what they had undertaken.They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning. Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold. In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice. In Wickendens book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, which of course influenced the girls decision to go to Elkhead. A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed (牵涉) drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms. The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothys return to Auburn.Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism (坚忍) of the people move her to some beautiful writing. Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff, on her horse, looking down from a hill top: “When the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them. Then a full moon rose. The snow was marked only by small animals: foxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.” 24. Why did Dorothy and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains?A. To teach in a school.B. To study American history.C. To write a book.D. To do sightseeing.25. What can we learn about the girls from paragraph 3?A. They enjoyed much respect.B. They had a room with a bathtub.C. They lived with the local kids.D. They suffered severe hardships.26. Which part of Wickendens writing is hair-raising?A. The extreme climate of Auburn.B. The living conditions in Elkhead.C. The railroad building in the Rockies.D. The natural beauty of the West.27. What is the text?A. A news report.B. A book review.C. A childrens story.D. A diary entry.4.（2020新高考卷C篇）In the mid-1990s, Tom Bissell taught English as a volunteer in Uzbekistan. He left after seven months, physically broken and having lost his mind. A few years later, still attracted to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea.His visit, however, ended up involving a lot more than that. Hence this book, Chasing the Sea: Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia, which talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan, where millions of lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of the sea. It is the story of an American travelling to a strange land, and of the people he meets on his way: Rustam, his translator, a lovely 24-year-old who picked up his colorful English in California, Oleg and Natasha, his hosts in Tashkent, and a string of foreign aid workers.This is a quick look at life in Uzbekistan, made of friendliness and warm