初中英语人教新目标八年级下册Unit 7 Section A预习指导（知识点+练习题）.doc

八年级英语下册 Unit 7 Section A预习指导一、知识点1.Square (名词) “广场”“平方”Square meter 平方米Eg: The square is 1,000 square meters.这个广场1000平方米。2.high与tall区别:High(形容词) “高的；高度的”，可以用来形容超出常规高度的物体或事物Tall(形容词) “高的”，通常用来描述长度较长的物体，如人、树或建筑物等，也可以用来描述人的身高。Eg: The mountain is too high.这个山太高了。She is very tall.她非常高。3.In size 尺寸其它搭配：what size 什么尺码Eg: The regions differ in size, but not in kind.这些地区大小各异，但类型相同。What size do you need? 你需要什么尺码？4.数词 + 单位名词 + 形容词 (long/ wide/ high/ deep等)Eg: 1000 meters high 1000米高2 kilometers long 2千米长就其提问常用how long/ how wide/ how high/ how deepEg: - How deep is the river?这条河多长- Its 500 meters long.它500米长。5.Long (形容词) “长的”- length (名词) “长度”Wide (形容词) “宽的” - width (名词) “宽度”High (形容词) “高的” - height (名词) “高度”Deep (形容词) “深的” - depth (名词) “深度”Eg: - How long is the river? 这条河多长？- The length of it is 2500 meters.它的长度时2500米。6.Any other + 可数名词单数 “任何其他.”可与the other + 可数名词复数进行互换Eg: any other student = the other students其他学生7.Salt (名词) “盐” - salty (形容词) “闲的”Eg: The soup is too salty, you must put too much salt in it.这个汤太咸了，你一定放了太多的盐在里面。8.populating(集合名词) “（某一地区的）人口，全体居民”。注意以下几点：（1）形容人口多或少时用large/big 或small, 不能用many, few, much或little.Eg: The population of China is very large.中国的人口非常大。（2）表示“某地有多少人口”的句型是：“The population of + 某地 + is/was + 数” 或 “某地 + has a population of + 数”Eg: The population of Australia is more than twenty million.= Australia has a population of more than twenty million.澳大利亚有2000多万人口。（3）询问“某地有多少人口”的句型是：“Whats the population of ?” 或“How large is the population of ?”而不能用how many 或 how much.Eg: Whats the population of Nanjing? = How large is the population of Nanjing?南京的人口时多少？（4）population 与分数或百分数连用作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。Eg: More than 50 percent of the population of the city are workers.这个城市超过百分之五十的人口是工人。9.One of the + 形容词的最高级 + 可数名词复数 “最.之一”作主语时，谓语动词用单数Eg: One of the oldest countries in the world is China.世界上最古老的国家之一是中国。10.Feel free to do sth. 随便做某事；无需拘束做某事Eg: Feel free to ask me anything.随便问我任何东西。11.Protect (动词) “保护”常见搭配：protect .from (doing) sth. 使.免于.Eg: We should protect the environment from pollution.我们婴孩保护环境免受污染。12.As you can see 正如你所看到的As far as I know 就我所知As + 形容词/副词原级 as “像.一样”Eg: as big as . 像.一样大13.Dangerous (形容词) “危险的” - danger (名词) “危险”常见搭配：in danger 处于濒危中Safe (形容词) “危险的” - safety (名词) “安全”Eg: This kind of tigers is in danger.这种老虎处于濒危中。14.Popular (形容词) “流行的；受欢迎”常见搭配：be popular with . “受.的欢迎”Eg: She is popular with the young.她很受年轻人欢迎。15.Run along. 沿着.跑；延伸；贯穿Eg: The Himalayas run along the southwestern part of China.喜马拉雅山贯穿中国西南部。16.Be famous for . 因.而出名Be famous as. 作为.而出名Eg: The village is famous for apples.这个村庄因苹果出名。Lu Xun is famous as a writer.鲁迅作为作家而出名。17.Thick clouds 厚厚的云层Thick (形容词) “厚的” - thin (形容词) “薄的；细的”Eg: thin ice 薄冰18.Be covered by . = be covered with . “被.覆盖”Cover .with .用.把.覆盖Eg: The earths surface is covered by water. 地球的表面被水覆盖。His mother covered him with a quilt.他的妈妈用毯子把他盖上。19.(at) the top of. （在）.的顶端Eg: There is a temple at the top of the mountain.在山顶上有座寺庙。20.Include (动词) “包括”- including (介词) “包括”- included (形容词) “包括的”注意： Including后面直接接宾语；included要放在被修饰的名词或代词之后Eg: Thirty passengers were hurt, including five children.30名乘客受伤，包括5名孩子。They will send you the book for $15, postage included.他们将会把这本书寄给你，单价15美元，包括邮资在内。21.Freezing weather conditions 冰冻的天气状况22.Take in air 呼吸Eg: It is very hard to take in air here. 这很难呼吸。23.Reach the top 登上顶峰Eg: The first people to reach the top 第一个登上顶峰的人注意：此处to reach the top为动词不定式做后置定语，修饰前面名词people24.Success (名词) “成功”- succeed (动词) “成功”- successful (形容词) “成功”常见搭配：succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事Eg: He succeed in achieving his dream.他成功的实现了他的梦想。25.So many + 可数名词复数 “太多的.”So much + 不可数名词 “太多的.”Eg: There are so many books in the room.房间里有太多书。There is so much water in the bottle.瓶子里有太多的水。26.Risk ones life 用某人的生命冒险Eg: You shouldnt risk your life to climb the mountain.你不应该冒着生命危险去爬这座山。27.One of the main reasons is . 主要原因之一是.Eg: One of the main reasons is that people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties.主要原因之一是人们想在面对困难时挑战自己。28.Challenge oneself 挑战自己Eg: You are so brave that you can challenge yourself.你如此勇敢以至于你可以挑战你自己。29.In the face of difficulties = face the difficulties在面对困难时30.Face (名词) “脸” (动词) “面对”Face to face 面对面Eg: She has a round face.她长了一张圆脸。31.Difficulty (名词) “困难” - difficult (形容词) “困难的”Have difficulties doing sth. 做某事有困难Eg: She is so young that she has difficulties looking after herself.她如此小以至于在照顾她自己方面有困难。32.give up doing sth. 放弃做某事Eg: Dont give up chasing your dream.不要放弃追逐你的梦想。33.Achieve ones dreams 实现某人梦想 （主语为人）Achieve (动词) “实现” - achievement (名词) “实现”Come true “实现” （主语为梦想）Eg: We will achieve our dreams if we keep working hard.= Our dreams will come true if we keep working hard.只要我们一直努力工作就一定能实现梦想。34.Force (名词) “力；力量” (动词) “强迫”Force sb.to do sth. 强迫某人做某事Eg: Please dont force me to do something I dont like.请不要强迫我作我不喜欢的事。二、练习题一、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词1.Our school is only 100 s_ kilometers.2.What is the _ (人口) of your hometown?3.You must a_ your dream one day.4.These poor children keep studying in the bad _ (条件).5.Your must p_ yourself when you are out alone.二、用所给词的适当形式填空1.You must be careful in _ (freeze) weather.2.They are proud of their sons _ (achieve).3.She always has _ (difficult) in learning maths.4.Lu Xun is a _ (success) writer.5.The ground is _ (cover) with snow.三、单项选择( )1.- _ is the river?- Its about 3000 kilometers.2A.How big B.How far C.How high D.How long( )2.The sunglasses can _ your eyes _ strong sunlight.A.protect; from B.protect; in C.protect; away D.protect; out( )3._ we know, China is getting stronger and stronger.A.As far as B.As long as C.As soon as D.As often as( )4.There are many books in the library, _ Mo Yans books.A.include B.to include C.including D.included( )5.Its very difficult to _ air on the top of high mountains over 4000 meters.A.take in B.take away C.take up D.take out四、翻译句子1.我们的房子6米宽20米长。Our house is about 6 _ _, 20 _ _.2.珠穆朗玛峰比世界上任何其它的山高。、Qomolangma is _ _ _ _ mountain in the world.3.就我所知，没有人能回答这个问题。_ _ _ _ _, there is no one who can answer this question.4.随便问我任何问题。_ _ _ _ me anything.5.中国的人口是多少？_ _ _ _ _?五、补全对话A: Julia, would you mind coming here? I need some help.B: Certainly not.Im coming right now.1._A: You see.I have so much housework to do in the kitchen.B: 2._A: Of course, and you have to help me make dinner.B: All right.When I finish, could you help me with my homework?A: Your homework? 3._B: No, I havent.Its too difficult for me.A: 4._B: Since breakfast.A: You know, I cant help you.Ill have to do some shopping after lunch.B: But what should I do with my homework?A: I think youd better make a telephone call to your friend, Mary.5._B: OK.That sounds a good idea.Thank you all the same.A: You are welcome.A.I think she can help you with it.B.How long have you been doing your homework?C.What is the matter with your homework?D.What can I do for you?E.Havent you finished it?F.Do you have to wash the dishes?附：参考答案一、1.square 2.population 3.achieve 4.condition 5.protect二、1.freezing 2.achievement 3.difficulties 4.successful 5.covered三、1 - 5 DAACA四、1.meters wide; meters long2.Higher than any other3.As far as I know4.Feel free to ask5.Whats the population of China?五、1 - 5 DFEBA