《英语句子成分及基本结构》课件.pptx

PowerPointpresentationonEnglishsentencecomponIntroductionEnglishpresencecomponentsBasicSentencePatternsEnglishcompoundsensesAnalysisofEnglishLongSentencesPracticeandconsolidationcontents目录Introduction01ThiscoursewillprovideanoverviewofEnglishpresencecomponentsandbasicstructuresYouwilllearnaboutthedifferenttypesofpresence,presenceelements,andpresencepatternsusedinEnglishCourseOverviewBytheendofthiscourse,youwillbeabletoidentifyandanalyzethedifferentpresencecomponentsandstructures,constructcoherentandgraphicallycorrectsenses,andapplytheseskillsinyourdailycommunicationandwritingCourseObjectivesCourseIntroductionLearningobjectivesUnderstandpresencecomponents:Youwilllearnaboutthedifferentpresencecomponentssuchassubject,predicate,object,completion,andadjustmentsIdentifyattentiontypes:Youwillidentifyandclassifyattentionbasedontheirstructureandfunction,includingsimpleattention,compoundattention,complexattention,andcompoundcompoundattentionConstructcoherentintentions:YouwilllearntoconstructcoherentandgraphicallycorrectintentionsbyusingappropriateconnectorsandtransitionwordsApplyskillsincommunicationandwriting:YouwillapplytheknowledgegainedinthiscoursetoimproveyourcommunicationandwritingskillsinEnglishEnglishpresencecomponents02SubjectThemainnounornounphraseinasentence,representingtheobjectdescribedinthesentence.SummarywordInasentence,thesubjectistheobjectofstatement,usuallyappearingatthebeginningofthesentence,andisrepresentedbyanoun,pronoun,ornounphrase.Thesubjectrepresentstheobjectdescribedinthesentenceandisanimportantcomponentofthesentence.DetaileddescriptionSummarywordThecomponentinasentencethatdescribesthesubjectsactionorstate.DetaileddescriptionApredicateisacomponentinasentencethatdescribesthesubjectsactionorstate,usuallyacteduponbyaverborverbphrase.Thepredicateisthecoreofasentence,representingtheactionorstateofthesubject,andisoneofthemostimportantpartsofthesentence.PredictSummarywordAnounornounphraseinasentencethatacceptsanactionoraction.DetaileddescriptionTheobjectisanounornounphraseinasentencethatacceptsanactionoraction,usuallyappearingafterthepredicate.Theobjectrepresentstheobjectinvolvedintheactionandisanimportantcomponentofasentence.ObjectSummarywordswordsthatmodifyverbs,adjectives,adverbs,ortheentiresentence.要点一要点二DetaileddescriptionAdverbialsarewordsthatmodifyverbs,adjectives,adverbs,ortheentiresentence,usuallyusedtoindicatetime,place,manner,degree,etc.Adverbialscanenhancetheexpressioneffectofasentence,makingitmorerichandspecific.Advisorywordsthatsupplementthesubjectorobject.SummarywordsAcomplementisawordthatsupplementsthesubjectorobject,usuallyservedbyadjectives,nouns,gerunds,etc.Complementarylanguagecanfurtherexplainthecharacteristicsoridentityofthesubjectorobject,makingthemeaningofthesentencemorecompleteandclear.DetaileddescriptionCompletionBasicSentencePatterns03ConclusionThesubject+predicatestructureisthemostbasicsentencestructurethatexpressescompletethoughts.DetaileddescriptionInthisstructure,thesubjectisthemainnounorpronouninthesentence,andthepredicateisthedescriptionoractionofthesubject,formingthecoreofthesentence.Forexample,JohnstudiesEnglish.Subject+predictThesubject+predicate+objectstructuremakesthesentencemorecompleteandthedescriptionmorespecific.SummarywordsInthisstructure,inadditiontothesubjectandpredicate,thereisalsoanobjectthatrepresentstherecipientoftheaction.Forexample,Johnreadsabook.DetaileddescriptionSubject+predict+objectSummaryInthisstructure,thesentencecontainstwoobjects,anindirectobjectandadirectobject,makingthesentencemorecomplex.DetaileddescriptionIndirectobjectsusuallyindicatebeneficiaries,whiledirectobjectsindicaterecipientsofactions.Forexample,Johngavethebooktohisfriend.Subject+predict+directobject+directobjectVSInthisstructure,thesentencecontainsanobjectandacomplement,whichsupplementsandexplainstheobject.DetaileddescriptionComplementarylanguagecanbeanexplanation,description,orsupplementaryinformationabouttheobject.Forexample,Johnconsideredthebooktobeveryinteresting.SummarywordSubject+predict+object+completionSummarywordInthisstructure,thesentencecontainsanadverbialtodescribethetime,place,andmannerinwhichtheactionoccurred.DetaileddescriptionAdverbialscanbeplacedatthebeginning,middle,orendofasentencetoprovidemorebackgroundinformationordetails.Forexample,Yesterday,JohnstudiedEnglishforthreehours.Subject+predict+advisoryEnglishcompoundsenses04ExampleJohnwettothestoreandbulkysomecrops.StructureSubject+Verb+Element(optional)+(Junction)+Subject+Verb+Element(optional)CompoundpresenceApresencethatconsistencyoftwoormoreindependentclaimsthatarejoinedtogetherwithoutanypunctationCompoundpresence SubordinatepresenceSubordinatepresenceApresencethatcontainsadependentclausethatcannotstandaloneasacompletepresenceExampleWhenthesunrises,thebirdsbegintosing.StructureDependentclause(commonlyintroducedbyasubcoordinatingconnection)+IndependentclauseCoordinatesubborderpresenceApresencethatcontainstwoormoresubborderclausesthatarejoinedtogetherwithacoordinatingconnectionandfunctionasseparateindependentclausesExampleAlthoughtheweatherwasbad,westilldecidedtogoonthepicnic.StructureSubordinateclause1(introducedbysubcoordinatingjunction)+Coordinatingjunction+Subordinateclause2(independentclause)CoordinatesubborderpresenceAnalysisofEnglishLongSentences05VerbTheactionorstate,e.g.,readsinJohnreadsbooks.SubjectThepersonorthingperformingtheaction,e.g.,JohninJohnreadsbooks.ObjectThepersonorthingaffectedbytheaction,e.g.,booksinJohnreadsbooks.Identifythemaincomponentssuchassubject,verb,objectAgroupofwordsthatcontainsasubjectandaverb,e.g.,JohnreadsbooksisaclauseAwordorgroupofwordsthatmodifiesanoun,verb,orobjective,e.g.,quicklyinJohnreadsbooksquickly.IdentifyingclausesandmodifiersModifierClauseContainsasubjectandaverb,e.g.,Johnreadsbooks.SimpleSentenceContainstwoormoresimplesensesjoinedbyacoordinatingconnection,e.g.,Johnreadsbooks,andJanewritesstories.CompoundSentenceContainsadependentclause,e.g.,John,whoisavoraciousreader,readsbooksallthetime.ComplexSentenceContainsbothadependentandindependentclause,e.g.,John,whoisavoraciousreader,readsbooksallthetime,whilehiswifewritesstories.CompoundComplexSentenceDividepresencelevelsandunderstandinglogicalrelationshipsPracticeandconsolidation06ChoosethecorrectsentencecomponentsDesignaseriesofsentencesthatallowstudentstochoosethecorrectnouns,verbs,adjectives,oradverbs.IdentifysentencestructureProvidesentenceswithdifferentstructures,allowingstudentstodeterminewhethertheyaresimplesentences,compoundsentences,orcompoundsentences.MultiplechoiceexercisesProvideEnglishsentencesandaskstudentstotranslatethemintoChinese.EnglishtoChinesetranslationProvideChinesesentencesandaskstudentstotranslatethemintoEnglish.TranslatefromChinesetoEnglishTranslationexercisesLongpresenceanalysisexerciseSelectacomplexlongsentenceandhavestudentsanalyzeitssubject,predicate,object,andothercomponents,aswellasthetypesandfunctionsofclauses.LongsentencestructureanalysisHavestudentsrewriteagivenlongsentencetosimplifythestructureorchangethetone.LongsentencerewritingTHANKS感谢观看