初中英语人教新目标七年级下册Unit 8 Grammar知识讲解.doc

七年级英语下册 Unit 8 Grammar知识讲解【语法】（一）there be句型“There is/ are + 某物/某时”结构表示“某地或某时存在某物或某人”。这种结构中的there没有实际意义，There is 后面加可数名词单数或不可数名词， There are后面加可数名词复数。注意：1.切记there be句型有临近原则，即be动词同离其近的主语保持一致。2.因句中有be动词，故变否定句式在is/are后加not；变一般疑问句时将is/are提前3.Is/Are there 开头的一般疑问句其肯定回答为Yes, there is/are.否定回答为No, there isnt/arent.4.就数量提问时常用“how many + 可数名词复数”或“How much + 不可数名词”开头Eg: There is a pen on the desk.“桌子上有一支钢笔。”There is some water in the bottle.“瓶子里面有一些水。”There are some books in the bag. “包里面有一些书。”There is a book and some pencils on the desk. “桌子上有一本书和一些铅笔。”There are some pencils and a book on the desk. “桌子上有一些铅笔和一本书。”There isnt a book and any pencils on the desk. “桌子上没有一本书和一些铅笔。”Is there a book and any pencils on the desk? “桌子上有一本书和一些铅笔吗？”Yes, there is./ No, there isnt.How many students are there in your class? 你们班有多少学生？How much water is there in the pool? 池塘里有多少水？（二）Have“有”常指人拥有，为实义动词。故在变为否定句和疑问句时需要用助动词do/doesEg: I have two bags.我有两本书。She has two phones. 她有两个电话。Do you have two bags? 你有两个包吗？She doesnt have two phones. 她没有两个电话。（三）就地点提问提问时用where开头。Eg : - Where is your school ?“你的学校在哪？”- It is next to the park. “它在公园旁边。”【讲解】1.Take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事Turn (动词) “转动”；“变成”；“转向”Turn (名词) “转动”；“轮流”常见搭配：Turn up 出现；把声音调大Turn down 减小；把声音调小Turn on 打开Turn off 关掉Turn out 结果时Turn over 翻转Turn into 变成；进入Its ones turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事Eg: Take turns to choose a place.轮流选择一个地方。Its my turn to clean the room.轮到我打扫房间。2.Ask questions 问问题Answer questions 回答问题Eg: Can I ask you a question? 我能问你一个问题吗？3.Some与any区别：相同点：二者表示“一些”，都可接可数名词复数和不可数名词不同点：some用于肯定句中，any用于否定句和疑问句中Eg: There are some apples in the basket.篮子里有一些苹果。There arent any apples in the basket. 篮子里没有苹果。Are there any apples in the basket? 篮子里有一些苹果吗？【写作】本单元写作话题为“问路和指路”；要求同学们会为别人指路题目：假设你是李雷，这周日是你的生日，你准备在家举办一个生日聚会，聚会在六点开始。你邀请了你的一些朋友参加，Susan也在其中，可她不知道去你家的路。你家住在Bridge Street，乘坐六路或八路公共汽车在Bridge Street站下车，下车后直走，然后在第一个十字路口右转，左边有一个邮局，你家就在邮局的对面，房子是红色的，很容易找到。请根据所给信息写一封邮件给Susan.第一步：介绍自己的生日举办地及时间，邀请其来参加第二步：介绍到自己家的路线。范文：Dear Susan,This Sunday is my birthday.Ill have a birthday at my home.It starts at 6pm.Would you like to come? Ill ask some of my friends to come.My home is on Bridge Street.You can take a No.6 or No.8 bus, and get off on Bridge Street.Go straight, and then turn right at the first crossing.You can see a post office on your left.My home is across from the post office.It is a red house.You wont miss it.Yours,Li Lei2