精品解析：江苏省南京市建邺区2021-2022学年七年级下学期期末英语试题（解析版）.docx

20212022学年南京市建邺区七年级下英语期末试卷2022.06本卷考试时间100分钟 总分100分第一卷 选择题（满分55分）一、听力（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）（略）二、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请认真阅读下列各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。1. The card on the right is _. A. a postcardB. an invitationC. a map for a partyD. a recommendation letter【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：右边的卡片是一个邀请函。考查名词。postcard明信片；invitation邀请函；a map for a party聚会的地图；a recommendation letter一封推荐信。根据图片可知，卡片是圣诞聚会的邀请函，故选B。2. How many days are there in a year? There are _ days in a year.A. three hundreds and sixty fiveB. three hundred and sixty fiveC. three hundred and sixty-fiveD. three hundred sixty-five【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：一年有多少天？一年有365天。考查数词。three三；hundred百；sixty-five六十五，英语中百位和十位之间要加and，故选C。3. Lucy, the meat smells _.But Dad, something is wrong with my nose. I cant smell _.A. nice; wellB. well; niceC. well; wellD. nice; nice【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：露西，肉闻起来很香。 但是爸爸，我的鼻子有问题。我闻不到。考查词义辨析。 nice好的，形容词；well健康的，形容词/好地，副词。第一处在系动词后作表语，表示“肉闻起来很香”，用形容词nice；第二处修饰动词，用副词well。故选A。4. Believe it or not! I _ Jay Chou yesterday.Really? What did he say in his letter?A. heard thatB. heard ofC. heard aboutD. heard from【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：信不信由你！我昨天收到周杰伦的信了。 真的吗？他在信里说了什么？A. heard that听说听到；B. heard of表示听说，而且是非常了解；C. heard about表示只是听说，知道而已；D. heard from收到的来信。由下文的句子What did he say in his letter? 他在信里说了什么？可知，是收到了周杰伦的来信。因此用heard from。故选D。5. _ I play computer games, Mum?No. It's too late, and you _ go to bed.A. May; have toB. Will; shouldC. Can; willD. Must; need【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：妈妈，我可以玩电脑游戏吗？ 不，太晚了，你必须上床睡觉。根据too late，可知，现在太晚了，必须上床睡觉。have to必须，不得不，受客观条件的限制，不得不做某事。如果用should或need的话，就不会受到客观条件的限制，因此在这里不符合语境，排除掉B/D；may在这里放在句首，意为可以，表示一种委婉的请求。而can和must都没有请求的意思，语气较为强烈。综合分析可知，选项A较为合理，一是表示请求，二是受到了客观条件的限制。故选A。6. Which “-ed” of the following words is different in pronunciation?A. raisedB. walkedC. dancedD. liked【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：以下哪个单词的“-ed”发音不同？考查单词的读音。raisedrezd，划线部分发/d/的音，升起；walkedwkt，划线部分发/t/的音，步行；danceddnst，划线部分发/t/的音，跳舞；likedlakt，划线部分发/t/的音，喜欢，所以A项“ed”和其他项“ed”发音不同，故选A。7. _ goldfish you have!Yes. My father bought them for me last year.A. How prettyB. What a prettyC. How prettyD. What pretty【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：你的金鱼真漂亮啊！是的。我爸爸去年给我买的它们。考查感叹句。pretty“漂亮的”，感叹句构成：1、what+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！2、what+形容词+不可数名词/可数名词复数+主语+谓语！3、how+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！分析句子结构可知，句子中心词“goldfish”是不可数名词，所以用what修饰，故选D。8. Excuse me, where is the nearest post office?Go _ the road, and then turn right _ the first turning.A. down; atB. along; onC. across; onD. along; across【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：打扰了，最近的邮局在哪里？沿着这条路，然后在第一个岔路口向右拐。考查介词辨析。down沿着；along沿着；across在对面；at在；on在上面。go along/down意为“沿着走”；at the first turning“在第一个岔路口”。故选A。9. Do you know _ this book belongs to?Let me see. Oh, its _.A. whose; herB. whose; hersC. who; herD. who; hers【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：你知道这本书属于谁吗？让我看看。哦，它是她的（书）。考查宾语从句和代词辨析。whose谁的；who谁；her她的，形容词性物主代词；hers她的，名词性物主代词。belong to sb.“属于某人”，用who作宾语；第二空空后没有名词，表示“它是她的”，用名词性物主代词hers指代her book。故选D。10. I want to borrow a book like The cat goes shopping. Can you help me?OK. You should go to the _ section in the library.A. HistoryB. LanguagesC. ScienceD. Literature【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：我想借一本像小猫购物这样的书。 你能帮我吗？好的。 你应该去图书馆的文学区。考查名词辨析。 History历史；Languages语言；Science科学；Literature文学。根据“I want to borrow a book like The cat goes shopping.”可知，小猫购物是小说，所以是在文学区，故选D。11. _ is it from your home to school? Its about 10 minutes walk.A. How farB. How longC. How soonD. How often【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：你家到学校有多远？步行大概10分钟。考查特殊疑问句。A. How far问距离，多远；B. How long问时间，多久；C. How soon问时间，多久；D. How often问频率，多久一次。根据答句可知是问路程。故选A。12. Are there any foreigners in your class? Yes, There are five _ and 30 _ in our class.A. Germany; ChinaB. Germans; ChineseC. German; ChineseD. Germany; Chinese【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：你班有外国人吗？是的。我们班有五个德国人和三十个中国人。考查名词。Germany德国；German德国人，复数Germans；China中国；Chinese中国人，根据“Are there any foreigners in your class”可知，此处指五个德国人和三十个中国人，故选B。13. Can you tell me when you can _?I can _ my home at eight.A. arrive at; reachB. arrive; reachC. reach; arriveD. get to; arrive【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：你能告诉我你什么时候能到吗？我八点钟能到我家考查动词辨析。arrive at到达，后面加小地点；arrive到达，不及物动词；reach到达，后面加地点；get to到达，后面加地点。第一处空格后无宾语，用不及物动词，故选B。14. How was your trip to Mount Huangshan last year?_. I hope to go there again.A. We drove thereB. It took me two hoursC. It was really greatD. People there were friendly【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：你去年去黄山的旅行怎么样？真地非常好。我希望再去那里。考查情景交际。We drove there我们开车去那；It took me two hours花费了我两小时；It was really great真地非常好；People there were friendly那里的人们很友好。根据“How was your trip to Mount Huangshan last year?”可知，询问对旅行的评价，故选C。15. Excuse me, may I take the cat with me, sir? - _. Pets cant be taken into the hall.A. Yes, pleaseB. No, thanksC. Im afraid notD. Its up to you【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：请问，先生，我可以把猫带进去吗？恐怕不行。宠物不能带进大厅。考查情景交际。Yes, please是的，请；No, thanks不，谢谢；Im afraid not恐怕不行；Its up to you取决于你，根据“Pets cant be taken into the hall”可知，此处是不能带猫进去，故选C。三、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Do you think there is any difference (不同) between looking at a painting from a short distance (距离) and from a long distance? Can you _16_ the difference?There is a club that only _17_ people can join. Many people join it, _18_ they want to stay with other smart people.One night, the club members are having a dinner party in a big room of a restaurant. They are talking _19_ when they enjoy their food. One of them thinks that his salad doesnt _20_ delicious, so he finds a salt shaker (佐料瓶) and adds some salt. But it is sugar. The members find that the salt on the table is in the sugar shaker, and the sugar is in the salt shaker. There are no other empty bottles. _21_ can they do? They talk about the problem for a long time, but theres no way to make it right.They _22_ for the waiter and tell him about it. The waiter just looks at the shakers and says, “Its easy.” He then takes off the labels (标签) of _23_ shakers and switches (互换) them with each other. The _24_ quickly becomes quiet.Sometimes we make problems more difficult than they should be. It is good to look back and see if theres a(an) _25_ way first.16. A. speakB. tellC. talkD. say17. A. importantB. beautifulC. smartD. polite18. A. butB. soC. becauseD. or19. A. muchB. manyC. fewD. little20. A. lookB. smellC. soundD. taste21. A. HowB. WhereC. WhatD. When22. A. prepareB. payC. waitD. ask23. A. eachB. allC. bothD. every24. A. clubB. roomC. restaurantD. waiter25. A. easyB. difficultC. interestingD. boring【答案】16. B 17. C 18. C 19. A 20. D 21. C 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. A【解析】【分析】这篇短文讲述的故事是：放盐的佐料瓶里放的是糖，而放糖的佐料瓶里放的是盐，在没有其他瓶子的情况下，怎样解决这个问题呢？其实很简单，把两个佐料片的标签调换一下就行了。这个故事告诉我们：有时我们把问题复杂化了，回头再看看，也许会有更简单的办法。【16题详解】句意：你能看出区别吗？speak说；tell告诉；talk谈话；say说。根据空后“the difference”和语境可知，这里表示“分辨出两者的区别”，tell除了“告诉”之意，还可以表示“区分，辨别”，符合语境。故选B。【17题详解】句意：有一个俱乐部，只有聪明的人才能加入。 important重要的；beautiful美丽的；smart聪明的；polite有礼貌的。根据下文“they want to stay with other smart people.”可知，这个俱乐部里都是聪明人。故选C。【18题详解】句意：许多人加入它，因为他们想和其他聪明的人呆在一起。 but但是；so因此；because因为；or或者，否则。根据空前后两句话的意思可知，空后“they want to stay with other smart people.”解释了很多人参加这个俱乐部的原因，这里应用because引导原因状语从句。故选C。【19题详解】句意：他们边吃边聊。 much许多，大量，修饰不可数名词；many许多，修饰可数名词；few很少，修饰可数名词；little很少，修饰不可数名词。根据下文“They talk about the problem for a long time”可知，他们说了很多话。talk much“说话多”，故选A。【20题详解】句意：其中一个认为他的沙拉不好吃，所以他找到一个盐瓶，并添加了一些盐。 look看起来；smell闻起来；sound听起来；taste尝起来。根据句意“One of them thinks that his salad doesnt delicious”可知，沙拉尝起来不好吃，故选D。【21题详解】句意：他们能做什么？How怎样；Where在哪里；What什么；When什么时候。这是一个特殊疑问句，疑问词作“do”的宾语，应用疑问代词。故选C。【22题详解】句意：他们找来了服务员并告诉了他这件事。 prepare准备；pay支付；wait等待；ask问，要求。该空与后面的“for”组成搭配，根据语境，这里表示“他们找来了服务员”考查的是ask for，故选D。【23题详解】句意：然后他取下两个佐料瓶的标签，互相交换。 each每一个；all三者以上都；both两者都；every每一个。根据上文“he members find that the salt on the table is in the sugar shaker, and the sugar is in the salt shaker.”可知，文中提到了两个佐料瓶，他取下了两个佐料片的标签，互相交换。故选C。【24题详解】句意：房间里很快变得安静起来。club俱乐部；room房间；restaurant餐馆；waiter服务员。根据上文“One night, the club members are having a dinner party in a big room of a restaurant.”可知，故事发生在饭店的一个房间里，当人们看到服务员所做的事情之后，整个房间都安静了下来。故选B。【25题详解】句意：最好先回顾一下，看看是否有简单的方法。 easy容易的；difficult困难的；interesting有趣的；boring无聊的。根据文中讲述的这个故事以及上句话“Sometimes we make problems more difficult than they should be.”，有些问题看似困难，其实解决的办法很简单。故选A。四、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分）请认真阅读下列材料，从材料后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFor many years, people have had picnics. Now, people still like picnics. People eat outdoors because of worries about the corona virus. It is also called COVID-19. Eating outdoors might lower the chance of spreading the illness.Countries around the world have different picnics.IndiaIt gets hot in India. Evenings are good for picnics.A picnic could be at the beach. People might have corn and coconut water. Another snack is vada pav. It is fried potato on a bun.BritainIn the United Kingdom, picnics have cold food.There are sandwiches and Scotch eggs. A Scotch egg is a hard-boiled egg. It is wrapped in sausage and fried.JapanIn Japan, people like cherry blossom season. They go to see the blossoms at parks. People eat and drink at the parks. Stores sell picnic food for the visits. They have rice, fish and more. FranceFrance has many markets and stores. They make picnics easy.Shaheen wrote a cookbook. It is called Pans Picnic Club. It teaches you how to get a sandwich from a bakery.26. Who in the article eats Scotch eggs at picnics?A. people in IndianB. people in BritainC. people in JapanD. people in France27. Why do people in Japan have picnics?A. They get tired after swimming at the beach.B. They bake sandwiches for their fiends.C. They like to drink coconut water in parks.D. They want to enjoy cherry blossom season.28. What makes French picnics easy?A. Many markets and storesB. A writer called ShaheenC. A cookbook called Paris Picnic ClubD. A bakery【答案】26. B 27. D 28. A【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了不同国家的不同野餐。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据表格第二栏第二列中的“There are sandwiches and Scotch eggs”可知，英国人野餐时吃苏格兰鸡蛋，故选B。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据表格第三栏第二列中的“In Japan, people like cherry blossom season. They go to see the blossoms at parks. People eat and drink at the parks”可知，日本人要野餐因为他们想享受樱花盛开的季节，故选D。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据表格最后一栏第二列中的“France has many markets and stores. They make picnics easy”可知，许多市场和商店使野餐变得容易，故选A。BHurricane Irma was a very strong storm. It hit Florida in September. Many people left their homes. Some made special plans ahead of time. They planned to take their pets with them.This is important. It is easy for pets to get lost in disasters. Rescue centers take in many pets after a big storm. Some pets get scared. They run away. Others get left behind. Scared pets may hide. Their owners cannot find them.Sometimes, families leave without their pets. They have to leave quickly. So they do not have time to find the pet. Planning can keep this from happening.Plan Ahead For EmergenciesTim Rickey works for an animal rescue group. It is called the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. Mr. Rickey said families should plan ahead for an emergency. They should not leave their pets at home. It is too dangerous.Families that plan can still lose their pets. This is sad for the family. And it is scary for the pet. But they should not give up. There are ways to find each other again.Comfort Your Pet During StormsOwners know their pets. Does your dog run when he gets scared? Ask your parents to buy a stronger leash, Mr. Rickey said. Does your cat like to hide? Make her a safe place. Then you will know where to look for her first. Make sure you can get there quickly. You may have to leave home in a hurry.Your pet may be scared by a big storm. Comfort him or her. Treats and toys can cheer your pet. Lots of snuggles help, too. Dont Lose HopePlanning is a big help. But disasters are unpredictable. You may still lose your pet. If so, do not lose hope. You need to keep looking. Animal rescue centers are very busy after a disaster. You should call them often.Also, you should search for your pet in a wide area. Do not stick to your town only. Your pet may be in a nearby town or city. Sometimes, other states take in animals after disasters. See if this is the case where you live. Then check with those faraway shelters.29. What information do you get by reading the section “Comfort Your Pet During Storms”?A. where pets hide during a stormB. why owners leave their petsC. what happened to pets in FloridaD. how to keep pets safe in a storm30. Why did the writer write this article?A. to help people make a plan for pets before disastersB. to explain why natural disasters can be dangerousC. to make readers give their money to help lost petsD. to show readers where to get the best microchip31. If you lose your pet during a big storm, which sentence shows the writers idea?A. It is easy for pets to get lost in disasters.B. Sometimes, families leave without their pets.C. But they should not give up.D. Treats and toys can cheer your pet.【答案】29. D 30. A 31. C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了飓风来临时防止宠物丢失的方法。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第六段中的“Make her a safe place. Then you will know where to look for her first”可知，我们可以通过“Comfort Your Pet During Storms”这段了解到如何在暴风雨中保护宠物的安全，故选D。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“So they do not have time to find the pet. Planning can keep this from happening”可知，作者写这篇文章是为了帮助人们在灾难前为宠物制定计划，故选A。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“If so, do not lose hope. You need to keep looking. Animal rescue centers are very busy after a disaster. You should call them often”可推知，作者认为在暴风雨中丢失了宠物，不要放弃，故选C。 CIn the 1700s, many people believed that space was supernatural. They thought events in the sky happened when gods were unhappy. Some of these events were eclipses（日食）. Eclipses result from objects moving in space. These objects may be planets or moons. During an eclipse, one object passes through the shadow of another.But Wang Zhenyi thought differently. She was a scientist in China. Wang believed in facts and observation（观测）. She used experiments to understand difficult ideas. This included eclipses.Throughout her life, Wang wrote many articles about her research. She shared her findings with scientists and the public. She wanted everyone to understand her work. She thought science should be available to all.Wang Zhenyi was born in what is now Nanjing, China. She grew up in the late 1700s. Back then, girls were not able to get a formal education. But her father and grandfather were scholars（学者）. They pushed her to read and educate herself.She read about math. She al