专题17 语法填空（解析版）- 2023年高考真题和模拟题英语分项汇编（全国通用）.docx

专题17语法填空-2023年高考真题及模拟题汇编2023年高考真题 Test 1【2023年新高考全国卷】Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, _36_ (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether _37_ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), _38_ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. Shanghai may be the _39_ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long haos birthplace. There you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed _40_ hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them _41_ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of _42_ (they) contents. The meat should be fresh with _43_ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.No matter where I buy them, one steamer is _44_ (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left _45_ (want) more next time.【答案】36. tasty 37. to bite 38. or 39. recognized 40. by 41. to be lifted 42. their 43. a 44. rarely 45. wanting【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国美食小笼包，讲述了小笼包美味，发源地以及制作方法等等。【36题详解】考查形容词。句意：小笼包(汤包)，那些精致的饺子皮，包裹着热腾腾的美味汤和甜甜的鲜肉，是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。形容词需修饰后面的名词soup(汤)，故空格需用tasty“美味的”作定语，故填tasty。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语，空处与后面to put并列作宾语，故填to bite。【38题详解】考查连词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。whether.or. “是还是”，固定搭配，根据句意，故填or。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡，但美食历史学家会告诉你，邻近的运河小镇南翔才是小笼包的发源地。空格在名词home前面作定语，recognize与home是逻辑上动宾关系，需填过去分词recognized作定语，recognized“被公认的”也可以看作是形容词作定语。故填recognized。【40题详解】考查介词。句意：在那里，你会发现它们的制作方式不同更多汤包，更少的汤，包子皮是用手压的，而不是擀出来的。by hand“用手”是固定搭配，根据句意，故填by。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，补足语lift out与宾语them（指代小笼包）是逻辑上的动宾关系，空格需填动词不定式的被动式to be lifted。故填to be lifted。【42题详解】考查代词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。修饰后面的名词contents(东西)需用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。【43题详解】考查冠词。句意：肉应该是新鲜的，有一点甜味，汤应该是热的，清澈的，美味的。a touch of “一点点；稍许”，常用搭配，touch“轻微；稍许”常用作单数。故填a。【44题详解】考查副词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。修饰形容词用副词作状语，rarely“少有”，故填rarely。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。分析句子可知，此处考查“leave sb+宾语补足语”，本句是被动语态，want是主语补足语，根据句意，I与want之间是主动的逻辑关系，用现在分词wanting。故填wanting。Test 2【2023年新高考全国卷】Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teachthe animals? Since June 2017, right before the _36_ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and _37_ (confidence) speaking English. And who do they speak English _38_? Not the pandas, even though _39_ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. They talk to the flood of international tourists and to _40_ (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready to give _41_ (interview) in English with international journalists. This is _42_ they need an English trainer. So, what are they learning? _43_ (basic), how to describe a pandas life. Its been an honor to watch the panda programme develop _44_ to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I _45_ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, Im living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English.【答案】36. arrival 37. confident 38. with 39. the 40. visiting 41. interviews 42. why 43. Basically 44. and 45. wished【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者在柏林动物园教英语。【36题详解】考查名词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词，空后是介词，所以空处应填名词作介词before的宾语，arrive的名词形式是arrival，不可数名词。故填arrival。【37题详解】考查形容词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空处和前文的comfortable并列，作并列表语，应用形容词形式，confidence的形容词形式是confident。故填confident。【38题详解】考查介词。句意：他们和谁说英语？分析句子结构可知，根据句意此处强调双向交流，应用固定搭配：speak with sb.意“与某人交谈”。故填with。【39题详解】考查冠词。句意：不是熊猫，尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。分析句子结构可知，此处特指用于医学训练指导使用的语言，表特指，应用定冠词修饰。故填the。【40题详解】考查形容词。句意：他们与蜂拥而至的国际游客和来访的中国动物园管理员交谈，这些管理员经常来检查从中国租借来的大熊猫。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语；visit对应的形容词为visiting“来访的”。故填visiting。【41题详解】考查名词的数。句意：他们还需要准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。分析句子结构可知，空前是动词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，interview意为“采访”为可数名词，不止一段采访，应用复数形式。故填interviews。【42题详解】考查表语从句。句意：这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词连接，前文提到需要培训师的原因，此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因”之意，应用why引导表语从句。故填why。【43题详解】考查副词。句意：基本上，如何描述熊猫的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用副词修饰，basic的副词形式是basically位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Basically。【44题详解】考查连词。句意：我很荣幸能看到熊猫项目的发展，看到熊猫们在新家安顿下来。分析句子结构可知，“to watch the panda programme develop”和“to see the pandas settle into their new home”两者是并列关系，应该用and连接。故填and。【45题详解】考查动词时态。句意：作为一个小女孩，我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以wish作本句谓语，和主语I之间是主动关系，根据后文的grew可知用一般过去时。故填wished。Test 3【2023年全国乙卷】Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong _41_ royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully _42_ (build) system of ring roads.But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place _43_ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural _44_ (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldnt work, _45_ somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. _46_ (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I _47_ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. As a photographer, I have spent the last two years _48_ (record) everything I discovered.The _49_ (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, _50_ (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.【答案】41. to 42. built 43. which#that 44. wonders 45. but 46. Having visited 47. was amazed 48. recording 49. remarkable 50. means【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京这座城市的古老建筑和现代化发展之间的独特结合，同时探讨了城市如何在不断发展的同时保护其丰富的遗产。作者作为一名摄影师，记录了这座城市的变化，并表示将来还会继续拍摄北京的风貌。【41题详解】考查介词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，从狭窄的胡同到皇家宫殿，它拥有3000多年的辉煌历史，甚至从它的布局来看，这座城市一直保持着精心建造的环城道路系统。根据上文的“From Buddhist temples to museums”可知，空处和上文保持一致，表示“从到”，用介词to。故填to。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，狭窄的胡同和皇家宫殿，它是3000多年辉煌历史的家园，即使是在它的布局上，这座城市也保持着精心建造的环城公路系统。这里为非谓语动词担当定语，表示“精心建造的”，和被修饰词“system of ring roads”之间为被动关系，用过去分词。故填built。【43题详解】考查定语从句。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。这里为定语从句的关系代词，先行词为“a place”，在定语从句中担当主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。【44题详解】考查名词。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式；根据下文的“historical buildings of the past”可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填wonders。【45题详解】考查连词。句意：但不知何故，这两个截然不同的世界却很好地结合在了一起。空前“It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldnt work,”和空后“somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.”之间存在转折关系，用but。故填but。【46题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主句主语“I”之间为主动关系；根据时间状语“over the last 10 years”可知，用完成时态，由此推断，空处用现在分词的完成时态。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Having visited。【47题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词，根据下文“how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语I和动词amaze之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。【48题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名摄影师，我花了两年时间记录我发现的一切。spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语，用动名词形式。故填recording。【49题详解】考查形容词。句意：这个城市的显著发展，是有意识地在保护过去的同时步入现代世界，这意味着这里总是有新的东西可以发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修饰名词“development of this city”。故填remarkable。【50题详解】考查时态。句意：这座城市的显著发展，在有意识地保护过去的同时步入现代世界，意味着这里总是有新的东西等待发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“development”，单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填means。Test 4【2023年全国甲卷】For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) _41_ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesops fables date to the _42_ (six) century, B. C. Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, _43_ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.”Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America, _44_ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, _45_ (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message _46_ (intend) for everyone._47_ (difference) from traditional fables, Carsons story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility _48_ saving their environment.The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carsons theme is a more weighty _49_ (warn) about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple literal form that has been passed down through the ages can still _50_ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.【答案】41. to teach 42. sixth 43. as 44. where 45. borrowing 46. intended 47. Different 48. for 49. warning 50. be employed【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：几千年来，人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传授智慧。根据句意可知，此处表达“来传授知识和智慧”，所以用不定式作目的状语。故填to teach。【42题详解】考查数词。句意：寓言是许多古代文化口述传统的一部分，而著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前6世纪。century“世纪”前面要用序数词形式。故填sixth。【43题详解】考查定语从句。句意：然而，正如雷切尔·卡森在明日寓言中所说，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。引导非限定性定语从句，且有“正如”之意，用关系代词as引导。故填as。【44题详解】考查定语从句。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行词为town，在非限定性定语从句作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable与borrow之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填borrowing。【46题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，在简洁的风格背后，是每个人都想要传达的严肃信息。be intended for打算为所用，在句中作定语，所以用过去分词形式。故填intended。【47题详解】考查形容词。句意：与传统寓言不同，卡森的故事以一种指责而不是道德结束。be different from与不同，所以用形容词作状语。故填Different。【48题详解】考查介词。句意：她警告社会面临的环境危险，并教导人们必须承担起保护环境的责任。take responsibility for对负责。故填for。【49题详解】考查名词。句意：然而，卡森的主题是对环境破坏的更严重警告。形容词weighty后接名词形式。根据句中不定冠词a可知，用可数名词的单数形式。故填warning。【50题详解】考查语态。句意：卡森证明了一种简单的抒情形式，已经代代相传，今天仍然可以用来吸引人们对重要真理的关注。从句主语a simple lyric form与employ之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。情态动词can后接动词原形。故填be employed。2023年名校模拟题Test 1（2023·广东东莞·校联考模拟预测）Aside from teacups and rice bowls, China doesnt do anything on a small scale. Sure enough, their recently-completed solar power array in Ningxia is huge. The Ningxia array is the first of several giant renewable energy projects planned for 1 (construct) in the dry western areas like the Gobi, Tengger, and Taklamakan deserts. China Energy Investment Corp says it is the first solar farm in the country 2 (include) an ultra high voltage power transmission channel that will bring the electricity 3 (generate) there to Hunan Province. This is because Hunan has 4 population of 66 million people, compared to Ningxias 7 million. 5 the most recent Five Year Plan, the Chinese government 6 (outline) their intention to install 100 gigawatts of renewable energy by 2026. Installed capacity of renewable energy in China continued to expand in the first quarter, 7 (reach) 47.4 million kW. Like most rural Chinese provinces, Ningxia, along with Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia the provinces 8 the three deserts mentioned above lie, rely 9 (heavy) on coal for electricity. 10 is hoped that the major installations of solar and wind will accelerate development in these mostly-agricultural economies.【答案】1construction 2to include 3generated 4a 5In 6outlined 7reaching 8where 9heavily 10It【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述在宁夏建成的太阳能电池阵列项目。1考查名词。句意：宁夏阵列是计划在戈壁、腾格里和塔克拉玛干沙漠等干旱西部地区建设的几个大型可再生能源项目中的第一个。空处作介词for的宾语，应用名词construction建设，不可数名词，故填construction。2考查非谓语动词。句意：中国能源投资有限责任公司说，这是中国第一个拥有超高压输电通道的太阳能发电场，将把那里产生的电力输送到湖南省。solar farm前有序数词修饰，此处用动词不定式作后置定语，表示“第一个拥有超高压输电通道的太阳能发电场”，故填to include。3考查非谓语动词。句意同上。动词generate和electricity之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，故填generated。4考查冠词。句意：这是因为湖南有6600万人口，而宁夏只有700万人口。Population表示泛指，应用不定冠词，“a population of+数量”表示“的人口”，故填a。5考查介词。句意：在最近的五年计划中，中国政府概述了到2026年安装100千兆瓦可再生能源的意图。结合句意可知，此处指“在最近的五年计划中”，用介词in，首字母应大写，故填In。6考查动词时态。句意同上。句子是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故填outlined。7考查非谓语动词。句意：第一季度，中国可再生能源装机容量继续扩大，达到4740万千瓦。动词reach和capacity之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词，作状语，故填reaching。8考查定语从句。句意：像中国大多数农村省份一样，宁夏、新疆和内蒙古上面提到的三个沙漠所在的省份严重依赖煤炭发电。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是provinces，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where，故填where。9考查副词。句意同上。此处修饰动词rely，应用副词形式，作状语，故填heavily。10考查it作形式主语。句意：希望太阳能和风能的主要装置将加速这些以农业为主的经济体的发展。分析句子可知，that引导主语从句，空处应用it作形式主语，首字母应大写，故填It。Test 2（2023·广东·华南师大附中校考三模）Chinese experts will head to Memphis Zoo in the United States next week 11 (assist) in the care of giant panda Ya Ya and ensure her health and well-being. The move comes after the Chinese Association of Zoological Gardens received reports of Ya Yas poor health condition and 12 (instruct) by the countrys regulatory authorities to take action.A team of vets and keepers from Beijing Zoo will travel to the US next week to familiarize 13 (they) with Ya Yas care and work with Memphis Zoo to ensure that she is properly fed, cared for and then escorted back to China. According to 14 technical expert from China, Ya Yas health condition is stable and her care 15 (manage) is normal. Both China and the US have been 16 (active) negotiating ways to help Ya Ya return to her home country.In 2003, Ya Ya, 17 was born at Beijing Zoo, traveled to Memphis Zoo in the US state of Tennessee 18 part of a Sino-US giant panda protection and research program. In 2006, Ya Ya began to lightly shed fur (掉毛), with the situation 19 (worsen) in 2014, the association said. So far, the Chinese side 20 (complete) all approvals, while Beijing Zoo has made preparations to welcome Ya Ya back, including ensuring appropriate facilities, care plans, medical sup