专题 21 完形填空说明文、议论文（学生版）--学易金卷：十年（2014-2023）高考真题英语分项汇编（全国通用）.docx

专题21完形填空说明文、议论文2022年完形填空说明文、议论文Close 1【2022年全国乙卷】Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, theres something highly exciting about _21_ someone elses glance and making oneself unable to be seen. However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably _22_ at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies _23_ .For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was _24_ as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But our _25_ research results in child developmental psychology _26_ that idea. We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each _27_ sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or _28_ . We then asked the child if she could _29_ or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldnt. The same _30_ happened when the adult covered her own mouth: _31_ children said that they couldnt _32_ to her. A number of _33_ ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our young subjects _34_ the questions and knew _35_ what was asked of them. Their _36_ to the questions reflected their true _37_ that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.” They simply _38_ mutual (相互的) recognition and regard. Our _39_ suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method _40_ when others use it.21. A. followingB. takingC. escapingD. directing22. A. cleverB. badC. scaredD. quick23. A. exposedB. examinedC. untouchedD. imbalanced24. A. supportedB. guaranteedC. imaginedD. interpreted25. A. disappointingB. mixedC. surprisingD. desired26. A. explainedB. confirmedC. contradictedD. tested27. A. parentB. childC. researcherD. doctor28. A. feetB. noseC. handsD. ears29. A. seeB. helpC. reachD. fool30. A. eventB. thingC. actionD. accident31. A. YetB. NowC. SoonD. Once32. A. speakB. listenC. turnD. wave33. A. instructionsB. descriptionsC. experimentsD. assumptions34. A. comprehendedB. predictedC. exploredD. ignored35. A. partlyB. honestlyC. vaguelyD. exactly36. A. responsesB. approachesC. contributionD. sensitivity37. A. abilityB. beliefC. identityD. purpose38. A. hold backB. relate toC. insist onD. make up39. A. limitationsB. requirementsC. theoriesD. findings40. A. tentativeB. impressiveC. creativeD. effectiveClose 2【2022年浙江卷6月】Small children are easy to throw up in the air and catch-and they _16_ it. “Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shouts as I throw him skywards and catch him on the way back down again. He throws his arms and legs out _17_ he were flying, his eyes wide with _18_. His trust in me is _19_ which is quite a nice feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense of _20_ . I hope Jacky will always trust me fully, but I know that, as he gets _21_ , it will need more effort and sound judgment_22_ . Trust is such an important part of a _23_ relationship that its something that cant _24_ to lose. Every time I _25_ Jacky to something new, hell do it only because he trusts me and feels _26_ in the knowledge that he wont get hurt ._27_ , teaching Jacky to swim means he has to _28_ that, when hes swimming in the big pool, Ill come to his rescue if his doggy paddle lets him down. _29_ in the workplace, trust is important for strong _30_ . It is something that every manager should work hard to _31_ among their team. If people dont trust you, theyre unlikely to _32_ your directions and willingly become a loyal (忠诚) team member. A _33_ of trust can make people work against you rather than for you. At the very least, it means that people are not going to be _34_ you their best. Good _35_, like good parenting, is a long-term commitment.16. A. deserveB. missC. loveD. know17. A. as ifB. in caseC. even thoughD. so that18. A. fearB. excitementC. doubtD. astonishment19. A. reasonableB. limitedC. absoluteD. important20. A. reliefB. satisfactionC. achievementD. responsibility21. A. olderB. busierC. quieterD. healthier22. A. on my behalfB. on my partC. in my honorD. in my name23. A. long-distanceB. high-riskC. parent-childD. teacher-student24. A. affordB. chooseC. waitD. expect25. A. attachB. compareC. adjustD. introduce26. A. safeB. happyC. proudD. grateful27. A. Above allB. In additionC. At firstD. For example28. A. admitB. believeC. suggestD. imagine29. A. HoweverB. ThereforeC. SimilarlyD. Fortunately30. A. affectionB. determinationC. friendshipD. leadership31. A. assessB. organizeC. developD. understand32. A. repeatB. followC. changeD. forget33. A. gestureB. measureC. bondD. lack34. A. tellingB. givingC. sellingD. sending35. A. managementB. personalityC. communicationD. educationClose 3【2022年浙江卷6月】Small children are easy to throw up in the air and catch-and they _16_ it. “Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shouts as I throw him skywards and catch him on the way back down again. He throws his arms and legs out _17_ he were flying, his eyes wide with _18_. His trust in me is _19_ which is quite a nice feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense of _20_ . I hope Jacky will always trust me fully, but I know that, as he gets _21_ , it will need more effort and sound judgment_22_ . Trust is such an important part of a _23_ relationship that its something that cant _24_ to lose. Every time I _25_ Jacky to something new, hell do it only because he trusts me and feels _26_ in the knowledge that he wont get hurt ._27_ , teaching Jacky to swim means he has to _28_ that, when hes swimming in the big pool, Ill come to his rescue if his doggy paddle lets him down. _29_ in the workplace, trust is important for strong _30_ . It is something that every manager should work hard to _31_ among their team. If people dont trust you, theyre unlikely to _32_ your directions and willingly become a loyal (忠诚) team member. A _33_ of trust can make people work against you rather than for you. At the very least, it means that people are not going to be _34_ you their best. Good _35_, like good parenting, is a long-term commitment.16. A. deserveB. missC. loveD. know17. A. as ifB. in caseC. even thoughD. so that18. A. fearB. excitementC. doubtD. astonishment19. A. reasonableB. limitedC. absoluteD. important20. A. reliefB. satisfactionC. achievementD. responsibility21. A. olderB. busierC. quieterD. healthier22. A. on my behalfB. on my partC. in my honorD. in my name23. A. long-distanceB. high-riskC. parent-childD. teacher-student24. A. affordB. chooseC. waitD. expect25. A. attachB. compareC. adjustD. introduce26. A. safeB. happyC. proudD. grateful27. A. Above allB. In additionC. At firstD. For example28. A. admitB. believeC. suggestD. imagine29. A. HoweverB. ThereforeC. SimilarlyD. Fortunately30. A. affectionB. determinationC. friendshipD. leadership31. A. assessB. organizeC. developD. understand32. A. repeatB. followC. changeD. forget33. A. gestureB. measureC. bondD. lack34. A. tellingB. givingC. sellingD. sending35. A. managementB. personalityC. communicationD. education2016年完形填空说明文、议论文Close 1【2016年上海卷】In the 1960s, Douglas McGregor, one of the key thinkers in the art of management, developed the mow famous Theory X and Theory Y. Theory X is the idea that people instinctively 51 work and will do anything to avoid it. Theory Y is the view that everyone has the potential to find satisfaction in work.In any case, despite so much evidence to the 52 , many managers still agree to Theory X. They believe, 53 , that their employees need constant supervision if they are to work effectively, or that decisions must be imposed from 54 without consultation. This, of course, makes for authoritarian (专制的) managers.Different cultures have different ways of 55 people. Unlike authoritarian management, some cultures, particularly in Asia, are well known for the consultative nature of decision-makingall members of the department or work group are asked to 56 to this process. This is management by the collective opinion. Many western companies have tried to imitate such Asian ways of doing things, which are based on general 57 . Some experts say that women will become more effective managers than men because they have the power to reach common goals in a way that traditional 58 managers cannot.A recent trend has been to encourage employees to use their own initiative, to make decisions on their own without 59 managers first. This empowerment (授权) has been part of the trend towards downsizing: 60 the number of management layers in companies. After de-layering in this way, a company may be 61 with just a top level of senior managers, front-line managers and employees with direct contact with the public. Empowerment takes the idea of delegation (委托) much further than has 62 been the case. Empowerment and delegation mean new forms of management control to 63 that the overall business plan is being followed, and that operations become more profitable under the new organization, rather than less.Another trend is off-site or 64 management, where teams of people linked by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses. Project managers evaluate the 65 of the team members in terms of what they produce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them.51. A. desireB. seekC. loseD. dislike 52. A. contraryB. expectationC. degreeD. extreme 53. A. vice versaB. for exampleC. howeverD. otherwise54. A. outsideB. insideC. belowD. above 55. A. replacingB. assessingC. managingD. encouraging 56. A. referB. contributeC. objectD. apply57. A. agreementB. practiceC. electionD. impression58. A. bossyB. experiencedC. westernD. male 59. A. askingB. trainingC. warningD. firing 60. A. doublingB. maintainingC. reducingD. estimating 61. A. honored B. leftC. crowdedD. compared62. A. economicallyB. traditionallyC. inadequatelyD. occasionally 63. A. denyB. admitC. assumeD. ensure64. A. virtualB. ineffectiveC. day-to-dayD. on-the-scene65. A. opinionB. riskC. performanceD. attractiveness2015年完形填空说明文、议论文Close 1【2015年重庆卷】Imagine the first days in a new time zone. Slow to respond to the 28 , your body clock is confused. Youre sleepy all day, but when its time for bed, you can hardly fall asleep. Obviously youre 29 jet lag（时差反应）.Travelers have traditionally fought this 30 with sleeping pills or alcohol. There are actually healthier ways that can work just as 31. For example, the moment you get on the airplane, start 32 your biological clock to the destinations time. If its daytime in your destination, try to stay 33 . Walking around the cabin（客舱） can be of help. When its nighttime, try to sleep. In that case, eat before the flight, 34 an empty stomach will prevent you from sleeping. These tips will help you start a new 35of sleep and wakefulness.28. A.flightB.change C.demandD.climate29. A.suffering from B.working on C.looking into D.leading to30. A.danger B.problemC.waste D.fear31. A.briefly B.slowly C.suddenlyD.effectively32. A.checkingB.sendingC.adjustingD.stopping33. A.awake B.aloneC.hungry D.calm34. A.though B.so C.while D.or35. A.understanding B.cycleC.researchD.trendClose 2【2015年安徽卷】 In our modern world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one. The 36 is that countries around the world have growing mountains of 37 because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.How did we 38 a throwaway society? First of all, it is now easier to 39 an object than to spend time and money to repair it. 40 modern manufacturing (制造业) and technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful and 41 . 来源:学科网Another cause is our 42 of disposable (一次性的) products. As 43 people, we are always looking for 44 to save time and make our lives easier. Companies 45 thousands of different kinds of disposable products: paper plates, plastic cups, and cameras, to name a few.Our appetite for new products also 46 to the problem. We are 47 buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that 48 is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. The result is that we 49 useful possessions to make room for new ones.All around the world, we can see the 50 of this throwaway lifestyle. Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger. To 51 the amount of rubbish and to protect the 52 , more governments are requiring people to recycle materials. 53 , this is not enough to solve (解决) our problem.Maybe there is another way out. We need to repair our possessions 54 throwing them away. We also need to rethink our attitudes about 55 . Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.36. A. keyB. reason C. project D. problem37. A. giftsB. rubbishC. debtD. products38. A. faceB. becomeC. observeD. change39. A. hideB. control C. replaceD. withdraw40. A. Thanks to B. As toC. Except for D. Regardless of41. A. safeB. funny C. cheap D. powerful42. A. loveB. lackC. prevention D. division43. A. sensitive B. kindC. braveD. busy44. A. waysB. places C. jobsD. friends45. A. donateB. receiveC. produceD. preserve46. A. adapts B. returns C. respondsD. contributes47. A. tired of B. addicted toC. worried aboutD. ashamed for48. A. newer B. strongerC. higher D. larger49. A. pick up B. pay forC. hold ontoD. throw away50. A. advantages B. purposesC. functionsD. consequences51. A. show B. record C. decreaseD. measure52. A. technology B. environment C. consumersD. brands53. A. However B. OtherwiseC. ThereforeD. Meanwhile54. A. by B. in favour ofC. afterD. instead of55. A. spending B. collectingC. repairingD. advertisingClose 3【2015年广东卷】How long can human beings live? Most scientists who study old age