高中英语2024届高考应用文写作讲解（建议信+邀请信+道歉信）.doc

高考英语应用文写作讲解一、建议信建议信大体上可以分为两种，一种是别人写信来寻求你的建议，比如要举办什么活动，或者学习生活上遇到了什么困难，来信询问你的意见；另一种则是你对于某件事或某个活动的做法不同意，所以提出一些建议，2023年的全国二卷就属于这个类型。如果是他人遇到困难，和你寻求建议，首段可以这样写：Learning that you have difficulty/ trouble (in) doing, I'm writing to provide you with some constructive suggestions. 听说你在.方面有困难，我来信给你提供一些建设性的建议。如果是在办什么活动，征求你的意见：Delighted to learn that you are going to hold an activity concerning., I'm writing to offer you some constructive suggestions. 很高兴你将举办一个关于.的活动，我写信来给你提供一些建设性的建议。或：In reponse to your last mail in which you asked me about., I'm writing to provide you with some constructive suggestions.你上封信问我关于.的问题，我来信给你提供一些建设性的建议。如果是你自己对什么现象或方式有意见，首段可以这样写：Learning that./Noticing that., I'm writing to deliver my opinions about it, hoping that this wouldn't offend you. 听说/我注意到.,来信发表一些我对于.的观点，希望这不会冒犯您。例如2023年全国II卷，你对于随机分组有意见：Learning that you would like to randomly pair students to practice oral English, I'm writing to deliver my opinions about it, hoping that this wouldn't offend you.中段提供具体建议时，以下句式可以套用：It couldn't be better if. (如果.再好不过)I would strongly recommend/suggest/advise that. 我强烈建议It is advisable to do/that. 我建议.It is wise of you to. 做.很明智It is of great benefit to do.做.很有好处My suggestion is that. 我的建议是.doing.is also helpful/ helps a lot. 做.也很有帮助。在套用这些常用句式的时候，要学会糅合进高级句式，比如not only, but also; so.that.; 非限制性定语从句，非谓等等。给建议的时候加入原因或这样做的益处，内容就会充实起来。例如，学习上遇到困难：To begin with, it is advisable of you to take an active part in class discussion, which not only deepens your understanding of the knowledge the teacher just taught but also helps exchange ideas with your classmates. 首先，我建议你积极参加班级讨论，这不仅能加深你对刚刚老师教的知识的理解，还能与你的同学交换想法。In addition, turning to teacher for help is also helpful, for she or he is the one who knows what the key point of your problem.其次，向老师寻求帮助也很有用，因为他/她知道你问题的关键点。Ultimately, I would strongly recommend you to summarize your learning periodically. 最后，我强烈建议你定期地总结你所学。再例如，你的朋友要开展一个演讲比赛。To begin with, I would strongly recommend you to limit the speech time of each competitor, so as to prevent any extension of the activity. 首先，我强烈建议你限制每个参赛者的演讲时间，从而避免活动延时。In addition, it is of great benefit if you could invite your oral English teacher for help, who could give guidance to attendee's tone and pronunciation. 其次，如果你能邀请你的口语老师参加将很有好处，他可以给予参与者语调与发音方面的指导。Ultimately, it couldn't be better if any prize is set for the first, second and third places, for which every competitor would be motivated to try their best. 最后，如果给第一二三名设置个奖项就再好不过了，为了它每个参与者都二、邀请信邀请信大体上分为邀请别人参加活动，邀请人加入俱乐部，邀请人到家里，或邀请人投稿、访谈之类。其中参加活动和加入俱乐部，邀请人投稿与访谈的写法非常相似。开头均可这样写：Learning that you are interested in., I am writing to invite you to attend an activity/club/competition concerning.(其中be interested in可以用be enthusiastic about, be keen on, be fond of等替换)还可以套用“一.就.”句式Hardly had I learnt that.when I decided to write to invite you to attend. e.g.Learning that you are keen on traditional culture, I'm writing to invite you to attend an activity held by our school concerning Dragon Boat festival.听说你非常喜欢传统文化，我来信邀请你参加由我校举办的关于端午节的活动。Hardly had I learnt that our club is going to recruite new members when I immediately decided to invite you to join. 我一听说我们学校在招收新成员，就立马邀请你加入。Learning that you are fond of cooking, I am writing to invite you to write an essay concerning Chinese cuisine. 听说你很喜欢烹饪，我来信邀请你写一篇关于中国菜肴的文章。若是邀请至家中，可以这样写：As .is around the corner, I'm writing to invite you to our home to have dinner together. (因为.节日/日子即将到来，我想邀请你到我家中做客。)中间段落要告知所参加的活动、俱乐部、栏目、节目等的基本信息。活动也好，栏目也罢，都涉及到时间、地点、目的与意义几个方面。时间、地点、目的可以放在一句话里：Aimed at/ With the intention of/For the benefit of, .is scheduled to be held on.at., (lasting about.)e.g. Aimed at spreading Chinese culture, the activity is scheduled to be held on Friday at the school hall from 5:00p.m to 8:00p.m, lasting about 3 hours. (小提示school hall,play ground这两个地点记住，基本所有活动都能在这两个地方展开)为了弘扬中国文化，该活动定于本周五晚5点到8点在学校汇报厅举行，历时约三小时。For the benefit of enriching school life, our program is scheduled to be held this Saturday from 5:00p.m to 7:00p.m, lasting about 2 hours.为了丰富学校生活，我节目定于本周六晚五点到起点举行，历时两小时。活动的意义可以用not only.but also.句型。不仅是邀请信可以用，其他类型的应用文，但凡涉及到活动意义的，都可以这样去套用。Not only will we have the chance to., but also expands our horizons. 不仅我们能有机会去.，而且还开阔了我们的眼界。E.g. Not only will we have the chance to enjoy the striking performance on the spot, but also expands our horizons.我们不仅有机会去在现场欣赏精湛的表演，还能开阔我们的眼界。这个句子还能套个so.that.So marvelous is the activity that not only will we have the chance to.这个活动如此精彩以至于你不仅能够.还能够.除此之外what.is that.句式也比较好套用，比如可以写令人印象深刻的是. What will impress you most is that some skillful craftman will show you how to. 最令人印象深刻的是一些手艺人会向你展示如何.尾段则是希望对方确认邀请。基本是固定的句式。I would appreciate it if you could confirm your coming at your earliest convenience. 如您能早点确认，我将不胜感激。或简化为：Your early confirmation is appreciated. I would appreciate it if you could take my invitation into consideration. 如您能考虑我的邀请，我将不胜感激。三、道歉信道歉信中，常见的道歉原因有不能赴约，无法上课等，还有一些是借东西没还，把人东西弄坏等。无论哪种，框架都是一样的，即：开篇：点名写信目的- 道歉中间段：说明原因。尾段：再次道歉，提出补偿措施。首段的写法无论怎么变，内容基本是固定的，可以用如下句式：I'm writing to/I would like to take this opportunity to make/ offer an apology to you for (not being able to/ failing to.) e.g.I'm writing to make an apology to you for not being able to see you off at the airport as planned. (没能按计划去机场送你向你道歉)I would like to take this opportunity to offer an apology to you for failing to keep you company to the museum as scheduled. （没能按计划陪你去博物馆向你道歉）中间段说明原因，固定可用the reason why.is that. (.的原因是.)其他内容就无法固定了，需要自己构思以上句式，哪些可以用到写作中。由可以用到的句式，反向选择内容。例如，因为活动没能如约，可以写：So important is the activity that I couldn't miss it. (so.that.句型)The activity is scheduled to be held on May 8th, the same date we have appointed. (be schedule活动常见表达，建议熟练使用)Next Saturday is the No Smoking Day, on which an activity is organized by our school to inspire more people to stop smoking. （非限，on+which替换when）再例如，生病没能参加某个老师的课程：Hardly had I left my home, when it began to rain, leading to my catching a cold. (hardly.when.倒装句式；hardly之后接"一"之后的句子，用过去完成时，when之后接“就”之后的句子，用一般过去时。“一”出门，“就”下雨)What is the pity is that I couldn't attend your lecture in this case. (令人遗憾的是我因此无法参加你的讲座了)So eager am I to attend your lecture that I'm wondering whether you could provide me with your teaching materials. (我是如此的想要参加你的讲座，所以想知道是否可以提供一下您的教学材料。)尾段再次道歉，并提出补偿/解救措施。再次道歉的内容基本一致的，可以写成：Sorry again for any inconvenience caused and sincerely hope that you could understand my situation and accept my apology. 补偿的内容就不一定了。1）如果是未能如约，可以再次约定一个时间。Would you available this Friday? If not, please tell me a time suits for you. 2) 没能归还物品或损坏物品的。I'm wondering whether it is ok if I pay you a new one or directly pay you money?【练习】假定你是校英语话剧社社长李华，原定于下周举行的英语话剧表演赛因故推迟，请给担任评委的外教Katherine写封邮件，内容包括：1.表示歉意；2.推迟原因；3.后续调整。Dear Ms. Katherine,I am Lihua, Chairman of the English Drama club. I am writing to make an apology to you for the postponement of Drama competition scheduled to be held next Sunday. The reason why it is delayed is that the school hall where the competition will take place is going to be repaired next week. So abrupt is the repair that we fail to find another place for the contest. Thre repair work is scheduled to be finished before May 8th, so will our competition. When the date is confirmed, I will inform you of the time then. Sorry again for any inconvenience caused by this accident and sincerely hope you could understand the situation and accept our apology. 假定你是李华，留学生朋友Peter借给你一本英文名著飘(Gone with the Wind)，可是你不小心损坏了。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括：1.表示道歉；2.解释损坏原因；3.提出补救办法。Dear Peter,I am writing to make an apology to you for my damaging your book Gone with the Wind which you have lent to me last time. It was the abrupt rain that caused the damage. Yesterday, hardly had I gone outside of the subway when it began to rain, at which time I had no umbrella with me. So heavy was the rain that I, together with my backpack, where your book lay in, got wet totally. Sorry again for the damage caused by this accident and sincerely hope that you could understand my situation and accept my apology. I am wondering whether it is ok if I purchase a new one for you? 4