山东省济南市2022-2023学年高二下学期开学学情检测(期末考试)英语试题（含解析）.docx

山东省济南市2022-2023学年高二下学期开学学情检测(期末考试)英语试题高二年级学情检测英语试题(满分150分 考试用时120分钟)注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考号填写在答题卡规定的位置。2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。3.非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试卷上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. How did the woman know about the movie?A. From the Internet. B. From a cinema. C. From a friend.2. What does the woman advise the man to do?A. Drive to the restaurant. B. Try ordering food online. C. Make an order in person.3. Which city is the mans travel destination?A. Singapore. B. London. C. Beijing.4. Who is the woman probably speaking to?A. A student. B. A parent. C. A doctor.5. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a cafe. B. In a theater. C. In an office.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Who might Billy be?A. The womans husband. B. The mans doctor. C. The mans pet.7. What does the man plan to do?A. Drive to his company.B. Visit the womans house.C. Show the woman some photos.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. What will the woman do on Halloween night?A. Attend a Halloween party.B. Ask for candies with her children.C. Stay at home and give out candies.9. What will the man dress up as at the party?A. A panda. B. A rabbit. C. A dragon.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10 How does the man sound at first?A. Pleased. B. Thankful. C. Disappointed.11. When will the speakers meet again next week?A. On Tuesday morning. B. On Monday afternoon. C. On Tuesday afternoon.12. Where is the woman going now?A. A school. B. Her house. C. A bus station.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. What is the woman doing now?A. Taking a break. B. Shopping for food. C. Preparing for a meeting.14. What type of food does the woman dislike?A. Chicken. B. Potatoes. C. Fish.15. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Co-workers. B. Husband and wife. C. Salesman and customer.16. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Healthy eating. B. Dinner plans. C. Food prices.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. What will the speaker do with his new house?A. Make a home office. B. Decorate the kitchen. C. Rent out one bedroom.18. What does the speaker like to do on weekends?A. Cook at home. B. Draw in the garden. C. Do some gardening.19. What does the speaker think of old houses?A. They are pretty. B. They are expensive. C. They are hard to maintain.20. What do we know about the new house?A. Its a quiet place. B. Its his dream house. C. Its in a convenient location.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABody language is as important as the language itself. And if you think it means the same all around the world, youve got that all wrong. Gestures that mean something in one country dont necessarily mean the same in another. As much as you need to learn a second language fluently, its also vital to get to know gestures in different cultures.No matter how fluently you can speak Russian, we bet you dont know a fun fact. While counting from one to five using fingers, people all over the world start counting with a ball-up fist. Starting from one, you uncurl(伸直) each of the fingers. Until you come to five, your hand is wide open. Everywhere worldwide, people count like this except in Russia. Instead of a ball-up fist, they start counting with a wide-open hand. So, when Russians start counting from one, they curl their fingers one by one. In the end, when they reach five, they get a ball-up fist.What is the best way to learn Italian? Lets be straight right away: without hand gesturing, it is impossible. So, if you are learning Italian, besides the language, you should learn their hand gestures as well. One of the worldwide-known Italian gestures is the pinecone. The pinecone gesture is formed when you bring all the tips of your fingers to one point. Then you move your wrist back and forth. The gesture is usually used when you have questions.1. How might Russians express ten with hands?A. With two fists.B. With two fingers.C. With two open hands.D. With one finger and a fist.2. What do Italians probably express with the pinecone gesture?A. Happiness.B. Confusion.C. Appreciation.D. Fear.3. What is the text mainly about?A. Tips on learning Italian.B. Ways of communication.C. Meanings of hand gestures.D. Techniques of counting numbers.BOn the website of the EU Prize for Women Innovators, there are dozens of inspiring stories of female leaders alongside pictures of these professional-looking women wearing single color business suits. But when we move the page down a little further, Ailbhe and Izzys pictures pop off the page, with their eye-catching colors and bright rainbow patterns, which is entirely in line with their company belief “If you cant stand up, stand out.” The fashionable sisters took the world by storm with their personalized wheelchair decorations.Ailbhe, now 25, was four years old when she became a big sister to Izzy. Although Izzy was born disabled and couldnt move from the waist down, her courage and energy deeply impressed Ailbhe and the two sisters developed a lifelong friendship. They spent hours as children decorating Izzys wheelchairs and her other mobility devices. So when Ailbhe graduated from the National College of Art and had to complete a final year project, she knew what to choose-dress up a wheelchairs wheels! Ailbhe said, “The wheelchair itself didnt show Izzys attitudes to life, or her energetic personality. It was ugly and made you lose confidence. I thought there might be a way of bridging that gap.”Ailbhes project was extremely well received at her schools design show. Izzy loved the new wheels as well. A state organization helped the sisters work with fashion designers and get their business to take off. The next step for the sisters was partnering with big companies which were interested in representing people with disabilities. They turned to Disney. After all, this cooperation would involve one of their favorite activities-watching Disney movies! Besides, Disney was willing to donate 10% of profits to a charity that helps disabled children. In addition, the company promised to realize the dreams of children with disabilities.The sisters are excited for their creativity to make life in a wheelchair more fashionable, fun and personalized.4. What helped the sisters win the EU prize?A. The fashionable company.B. The eye-catching pictures.C. Their colorful business suits.D. Their decorated wheelchairs.5. What inspired Ailbhe to choose her final year project?A. Her duty to be an elder sister.B. Her desire to show a real Izzy.C. Her pity for Izzys disability.D. Her admiration for great women.6. Why did Ailbhe and Izzy choose to work with Disney?A. To earn money.B. To make movies.C. To help disabled kids.D. To become designers.7. What can we learn from Ailbhe and Izzy?A. Nothing can prevent a determined heart.B. Creativity makes the disabled stand out.C. Every advantage has its disadvantage.D. Technology brings people together.CScientists have found the worlds biggest seagrass ecosystem in the Bahamas. Seagrass refers to dozens of different species of flowering plants that live entirely underwater, producing energy through photosynthesis (光合作用) by absorbing sunlight. Like their land-based relatives, seagrasses have roots and leaves and also produce seeds. Seagrasses grow in salty coastal waters around the world, usually in shallow waters where sunlight is more plentiful. Since seagrasses carry out the process of photosynthesis, they are known to be very effective at storing carbon dioxide, the greenhouse gas. This is because photosynthesis involves plants using sunlight to transform carbon dioxide into oxygen.These underwater plants play an important role in carbon sequestration, in which carbon is stored in the environment rather than being allowed to float freely in the atmosphere where it can contribute to global warming. According to Gallagher, one of the new studys authors, carbon enters the ocean as part of the carbon cycle, and the seagrass takes in this carbon through photosynthesis via their leaves. This is part one. The second part is when the seagrass transports this carbon through itself, burying and storing it in its root system. Seagrass stores this carbon permanently.The purpose of the study by Gallagher and his colleagues was to map seagrass in the Bahamas, using data from 15 tiger sharks equipped with tracking instruments that could also take images of the sea floor. That information was then combined with reports from 2,500 surveys by human divers.Mark Huxham, professor of teaching and research in environmental biology, said “This brilliant study uses imaginative and exciting new technology, in partnership with tiger sharks. We know seagrass is important for the health of our seas and our planet, but there are major gaps in our understanding about it.”8. What is Paragraph 1 mainly about?A. The cause of photosynthesis.B. Living conditions for seagrass.C. Environmental effect of seagrass.D. The introduction of photosynthesis.9. What does the underlined part “carbon sequestration” refer to in Paragraph 2?A. Absorbing carbon from the air.B. Reducing carbon in the roots.C. Releasing carbon into the air.D. Keeping carbon in sea plants.10 What may Mark Huxham agree with?A. Scientists have fully studied seagrass.B. The study contributes to a new technology.C. There is still a lot of work to study seagrass.D. Tiger sharks will be the focus of future studies.11. What is the purpose of the text?A To inform.B. To criticize.C. To advertise.D. To persuade.DGetting less than five hours of sleep in mid-to-late life could be linked to an increased risk of developing at least two chronic (慢性的) diseases, according to a new study. The research analyzed the effect of sleep time on the health of more than 7,000 men and women over 50. Researchers examined the relationship between how long each participant slept for and whether they had two or more chronic diseases over the course of 25 years.People who were reported getting five hours of sleep or less at age 50 were 20% more likely to have two or more chronic diseases, as opposed to people who slept for up to seven hours Additionally, sleeping for five hours or less was linked to a 30% to 40% increased risk of multimorbidity (多病症) when compared with those who slept for up to seven hours.Lead author, Dr Sabia, said: “To ensure a better nights sleep, it is important to promote good sleep, such as making sure the bedroom is quiet, dark and a comfortable temperature before sleeping. Its also advised to remove electronic devices and avoid large meals before bedtime. Physical activity and being exposed to light during the day might also promote good sleep.”Dr Sabia said, “Short sleep increases the risk of chronic diseases that in turn increase the risk of death. However, if a participant has already suffered from a chronic condition, then long sleep time is associated with around a 35% increased risk of developing another illness. Researchers believe this could be due to unnoticed health conditions impacting sleep.” Dr. Sabia added, “This research adds to a growing body of research that highlights how important it is to get a good nights sleep.”12. How did the experts carry out the study in Paragraph 2?A. By making contrasts.B. By having interviews.C By conducting online surveys.D. By analyzing published papers.13. Which of the following will increase the quality of nights sleep?A. Being exposed to light at night.B. Avoiding phone use before bedtime.C. Limiting physical exercise in the day.D. Finding a bright and peaceful bedroom.14. What can we infer from what Dr Sabia said in Paragraph 4?A. Short sleep may increase deaths by 35%.B. Lack of sleep directly leads to more deaths.C. The longer you sleep, the more diseases you will have.D. The research further stresses the importance of good sleep.15. What is the best title of the teat?A. Longer Sleep, Better HealthB. Shorter Sleep, Fewer RisksC. Less Sleep, Poorer HealthD. More Exercise, Better Sleep第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Harvesting fruits is a very demanding job. If pickers are not available, fruits will rot on the trees. But with pickers in short supply in recent years, growers needed to quickly find another way to harvest their fruits. _16_An Israeli company Tevel has developed these flying autonomous robots. The robots fly over a tree and pick fruits with its arms. They are fitted with cameras that use AI to assess the size and color of the fruit. _17_ In addition, they can collect more fruits than a picker during a given time._18_ The flying robots are connected to a platform that acts as the power source so that they never run out of power. They will work all day and night in any weather without taking a break.Dozens of these smart robots can be used across an orchard (果园) during the time when the fruit is ready to be harvested. The farmers just need to tell the company how many flying robots they need and how long they will use. _19_The robots arc now picking pears in Israel. The company also plans to add more tasks to the robots function. _20_ In the future, fewer people will work in picking and more people will work in managing the robots, analyzing the data and making decisions.A. So only the ripe ones are collected.B. Now a new type of robot can come to their help.C. Finding fruit pickers is farmers biggest concern.D. They can receive timely information from the robots.E. Another advantage of the robots is that they never feel tired.F. Then the company will transport the robots to their orchards.G. For example, they can be used to cut off branches and water fruits.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。My niece Jessica was six. One day she came home from school _21_. It had finally been her turn at her class weekly Show and Tell, but her teachers _22_ to her presentation brought her to tears. “I talked about Uncle Steve,” Jessica said sadly. “When I showed his picture to the class, Mrs. Yates _23_ it.”Being only three years old, Steve was more like a _24_ to Jessica than an uncle. Truly her best partner, Uncle Steve was a favo