英语第二部分 语法强化第10节 非谓语动词.ppt

第十第十节 非非谓语动词语法语法精讲精练精讲精练 非谓语动词：非谓语动词：注意：本节中的动词原形统一用注意：本节中的动词原形统一用“do”来表示。来表示。考点考点1：带：带to的动词不定式的动词不定式【考点精讲考点精讲】1.构成：构成：(1)to do，如，如ask sb.to do；(2)(to)do，如，如help sb.(to)do；(3)do，如，如let sb.do。2.否定形式：否定形式：not to do/not(to)do/not do。3.常规用法：常规用法：4.特别用法：特别用法：(1)wh-/h-疑问词不定式疑问词不定式(短语短语)：其作用相当于一个名：其作用相当于一个名词性从句，常用在动词词性从句，常用在动词tell，know，imagine，learn，decided，forget，remember，consider，understand等后面作宾语，也可作主语、表语、同位语等后面作宾语，也可作主语、表语、同位语等。如：等。如：He asked me how to open the box.He asked me how he could open the box.他问我这盒子怎么打开。他问我这盒子怎么打开。You have to consider what to do next.You have to consider what you should do next.你必须考虑下一步你必须考虑下一步该做什么。该做什么。(2)带逻辑主语的不定式：不定式可以带有自己的逻辑主带逻辑主语的不定式：不定式可以带有自己的逻辑主语，构成方法是语，构成方法是“It is形容词形容词/名词名词(for/of sb.)to do sth.”。如：。如：It is necessary for you to have a talk with him.跟他跟他交谈一下对你而言有必要。交谈一下对你而言有必要。(当该形容词或名词在意义上当该形容词或名词在意义上描述的是描述的是 to do sth.的特征时，用的特征时，用 for 引出逻辑主语。引出逻辑主语。该类形容词常为该类形容词常为easy，difficult/hard，important，necessary，etc.)It is foolish of you to do it like that.你那样做好蠢。你那样做好蠢。(当该形容词描述的是逻辑主语当该形容词描述的是逻辑主语sb.的特征时，用的特征时，用 of 引出引出逻辑主语。该类形容词常为逻辑主语。该类形容词常为kind，foolish，rude，clever，selfish，careful，etc.)【考点精讲考点精讲】()1.How kind you are！You always do what you can me.A.help B.helping C.to help D.helps()2.Many old men prefer in a countryside.A.to live B.living C.live D.livedCA()3.Shes not strong enough walking up mountains.A.to goB.going C.go D.went()4.One of the most important things at Christmas is the Nutcracker.A.see B.seeing C.to see D.to lookAC()5.I will go to Harbin for my summer vacation.What about you？I havent decided where .A.go B.went C.going D.to go()6.The best way to learn English is it.A.use B.to use C.using D.usesDB考点考点2：秃头不定式：秃头不定式(即不带即不带to的不定式的不定式)【考点精讲考点精讲】秃头不定式一般在句子中作宾语补足语。秃头不定式一般在句子中作宾语补足语。其他其他“秃头不定式秃头不定式”句型：句型：had better(not)do 最好最好(别别)做做Why not do？Why dont sb.do？为什么为什么(某人某人)不做不做？Will/Would/Can/Could you please(not)do？(请请)你你(别别)做做好吗？好吗？would rather(not)do sth.宁愿宁愿(不不)做做would dorather than do(would rather dothan doprefer to dorather than doprefer doingto doing)宁愿做宁愿做而不愿做而不愿做【考点精讲考点精讲】()1.Lets play football on the playground.Its too hot outside.I would rather at home than out.A.to stay；go B.staying；going C.stay；to go D.stay；go()2.The cartoon film we saw last night made us .A.laugh B.to laugh C.laughing D.laughedDA()3.Will you please the flowers？Sorry.I wont.A.pick B.dont pick C.not to pick D.not pick()4.How do you feel when you watch the national flag go up？It makes me very proud.A.feel B.felt C.to feel D.feelingDA()5.The assistant wont let you the cinema if you havent a ticket.A.enter B.to enter C.entering D.not enterA考点考点3：动名词：动名词【考点精讲考点精讲】1.构成：构成：do-ing。2.否定形式：否定形式：notdoing。3.常规用法：常规用法：4.动名词的复合结构：动名词的复合结构：由由“形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词/名称所有格动名词名称所有格动名词”可构成动名可构成动名词的复合结构，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等。该物主词的复合结构，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等。该物主代词或名称所有格是动名词的逻辑主语。如：代词或名称所有格是动名词的逻辑主语。如：Would you mind my/me smoking here？Would you mind if I smoke here？你介意我在这里吸烟吗？你介意我在这里吸烟吗？I insisted on my husbands/my husband paying the bill.我坚持让我丈夫买单。我坚持让我丈夫买单。【考点精讲考点精讲】()1.What about a rest？Lets go for a walk.A.to take B.take C.taking D.us taking()2.Our English teacher often says to us，“English well is very important.”A.Learn B.Learning C.Learned D.To learningCB()3.Seeing their teacher into the classroom，they stopped at once.A.walk；telling B.entering；to speak C.enter；to tell D.walking；talking()4.Her son Coke，but now he .milk.A.used to drink；is used to drinking B.used to drinking；drinksC.is used to drinking；used to drink D.is used to drink；is drinkingDA()5.I found a letter on the floor when I came into the classroom.A.lying B.lay C.lie D.liesA