英语第10-11节 被动语态、非谓语动词.ppt

第十节第十节 被动语态被动语态一、主动语态变被动语态的方法一、主动语态变被动语态的方法1.把宾语移到句首作主语；2.根据不同时态，把动词变为“be动词过去分词”的相应形式；3.原句中的主语改为“by+宾语”（有时可省略）。二、不同时态中主动语态变被动语态的方法二、不同时态中主动语态变被动语态的方法时态时态主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态一般现在时动词原形动词+s/es(第三人称单数)am/is/are+过去分词一般过去时过去式was/were+过去分词一般将来时will(am/is/are going to)+动词原形will(is/am/are going to)+be+过去分词情态动词can/may/must+动词原形can/may/must+be+过去分词三、被动语态的考点三、被动语态的考点1.含有双宾语(人或物)的主动句变被动句时，有以下两种结构:(1)人+be+动词过去分词+物(2)物+be+动词过去分词+to/for+人如：My mother gave me a book as my birthday present.(主动)I was given a book as my birthday present.A book was given to me as my birthday present.(被动)2.使役动词(make,have,let)；感官动词(see,watch,hear,feel)以及help等在主动语态中省去to，但改成被动语态后都要加上to，不能省略；如果主动语态是see/watch/hear sb.doing sth.的结构，改成被动语态后，则过去分词后不加to。如：I saw a thief enter the store.(主动)A thief was seen to enter the store.(被动)I hear her singing next door.(主动)She is heard singing next door.(被动)3.一些词只有主动语态，没有被动语态。中考常考的有happen，take place，sell well，write well，belong to等。如：The pen writes very well.4.当主动句的谓语动词为短语时，改为被动句时不能丢掉短语末尾的介词或副词，如hand in,take care of等。5.有些动词用于主动句中，但表示被动意义，如need,worth,require,demand等。考点精练()1.All the lights in the classroom _ before you leave.A.must be turn off B.will turn off C.must be turned off D.are turned off()2.In order to get there on time,the horse _ run faster and faster.A.made B.was made C.was make D.was made to()3.Rice _ by farmers in the south of China.A.grow B.is grown C.are grown D.is growingCDB()4.When your homework _,you can go out to play with your friends.A.will be finished B.would be finished C.was finished D.is finished()5.The old house _ big rocks more than 300 years ago.A.was made of B.was made from C.is made of D.was made byDA()6.Joan is good at singing.She _ English songs after class.A.is often heard sing B.is often hear singing C.is often heard to sing D.often is heard sung()7.As soon as he arrives in Beijing,he _ by his friend.A.is met B.was met C.was meeting D.will be met()8.This coat that looks very nice _ cotton.A.is make of B.is make from C.is made of D.is made from CDC()9.The next Olympic Games _ in 2020.A.are held B.were held C.will hold D.will be held()10.The headteacher asked the boy to her office because he _ someone elses homework when she saw him.A.was seen to copy B.was seen copying C.was seen copy D.saw copyingBD第十一节第十一节 非谓语动词非谓语动词非谓语动词主要考查动名词、动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词等。1.固定接动词固定接动词-ing的词的词：enjoy，finish，keep，practise，mind，miss，feel like，cant/couldnt help，be busy，prefer+doing+to+doing，waste，spend，give up，stop sbfrom，look forward to，avoid，admit，deny，be worth2固定接动词原形的词固定接动词原形的词：使役动词let，have，make感官动词see，watch，look，notice，observe，hear，listen to，smell，feel，find，taste 3固定接动词过去分词的词固定接动词过去分词的词：使役动词 let/have/make sth.done4固定接动词不定式的词固定接动词不定式的词：ask，tell，hope，want，allow，agree，decide，plan注意：有些动词既可接动词原形也可接动词-ing或动词不定式一些常用固定搭配：一些常用固定搭配：stop to do sth.停下来去做某事（停下手上的事情去做另外一件事情）stop doing sth.停止做某事（停止不再做了）forget to do sth.忘记做某事（动作尚未发生）forget doing sth.忘记做了某事（动作已经发生）remember to do sth.记得去做某事（动作尚未发生）remember doing sth.记得做了某事（动作已经发生）try to do sth.尽力、努力去做某事try doing sth.尝试去做某事go on to do sth.继续去做另外一件事情go on doing sth.继续做同一件事see/find/watch/hear sb.do sth.看见/发现/观看/听见某人做了某事see/find/watch/hear sb.doing sth.看见/发现/观看/听见某人正在做某事like to do 喜欢去做某一件事（指某一次）like doing 喜欢做某事（习惯性的动词）make/have/let sb.do sth.让/叫/使某人做某事（强调某人去做）make/have/let sth.done 让/叫/使某人做某事（强调某事被做）考点精练考点精练()1.Jiaming looks forward to _ his friends letter.A.receives B.receive C.received D.receiving()2.If you want to learn English well,you should always keep _ English.A.practising to speak B.practising speaking C.to practise speaking D.practise speakDB()3.Would you mind my _ the radio?A.turn on B.to turn on C.turning on D.turned on()4.Mrs Black made his son _ his bedroom again.A.clean B.cleaning C.to clean D.cleaned()5.It is too late.Lets stop _ and go home.A.swimming B.to swimming C.swim D.to swimCAA()6.The woman asked her children _ lies.A.Dont tell B.not tell C.not to tell D.not telling()7.There is something wrong with your computer.Why not have it _?A.mend B.mended C.to mend D.mending()8.Its dangerous for a child _ alone in the river.A.swim B.swimming C.to swim D.swamCBC()9.Why are you so surprised,Jenny?Mum.How strange is that my bedrooms light is still on!But I remember _ when I went out this morning.A.to turn it off B.to turn off it C.turning off it D.turning it off()10.Though he is busy _,he still keeps on _ exercise every day.A.to work;doing B.working;do C.working;doing D.worked;didCD