英语第1部分Unit 2 English around the world 新人教版必修1.ppt

.高考单词识记思考运用1.核心词汇_ n.&vt.请求；要求_ n.&vt.命令；指令；掌握_ adj.本国的；本地的；n.本国人；本地人latter adj.较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的(反义词)_ adj.较前的；前半的；(两者中)前者的expression n.词语；表示；表达 _ vt.表达recognize vt.辨认出；承认；公认 _ n.识别；认出；承认base vt.以为根据 n.基部；基地；基础_ adj.基本的；基础的_ n.基础；基本原则usage n.使用；用法；词语惯用法 _ n.&v.使用，利用_ adj.有用的_ adj.无用的答案requestcommand nativeformerexpress recognitionbasic；basis use；useful；useless2.常考词汇voyage n._actually adv._identity n._straight adv._ adj._official adj._ officially adv._gradual adj._ gradually adv._fluent adj._ fluently adv._ frequent adj._ frequently adv._eastern adj._ southeastern adj._northwestern adj._western adj._ eastwards adv._westwards adv._答案航行；航海事实上；实际上本身；本体；身份直接；挺直直的；笔直的；正直的官方的；正式的；公务的官方地，正式地 逐渐的；逐步的逐渐地；逐步地 流利的；流畅的流利地；流畅地 频繁的；常见的常常；频繁地东方的；东部的东南方的；来自东南的西北方的；来自西北的西方的；来自西的向东向西 用所给单词的适当形式填空1.The title will be _(official)given to me at a ceremony in London.(2016全国，语法填空)2.I made friends with the _(native)，and their reaction amazed me.(2016浙江，完形)3.Such start-up fatigue(劳累)is very real，even if not _(actual)physical，not something in our muscles and bones.(2016天津，阅读D)4.I went to a workshop and _(gradual)got good at making things with clay(黏土).(2016天津，阅读表达)5.However，it is also hard to keep a code(密码)book secret for long.So codes must be changed _(frequent).(2016全国，七选五)6.We _(recognize)that Kurt wasnt just trying to make a sale.(2016江苏，完形)7.After only six months of being cared for，the boy can already understand basic Chinese daily _(express).(2014全国，阅读C)8.Uses of Prezi in listening and speaking courses draw students attention to speaking more _(fluent).(2015安徽，阅读A)9.El Nio(厄尔尼诺)sees warm water，collected over several years in the _(west)Pacific，flow back _(east)when winds that normally blow _(west)weaken，or sometimes the other way round.(2016江苏，阅读C)答案1.officially2.natives 3.actually4.gradually5.frequently 6.recognized 7.expressions 8.fluently 9.western；eastwards；westwards【联想积累】“请求，要求”家族ask vt.&vi.要求，请求claim vt.对提出要求desire vt.要求，请求demand n.&vt.要求request n.&vt.要求，请求require vt.要求，命令requirement n.要求后缀-ern构成的方位形容词集锦eastern东方的，东部的，来自东方的western西方的，西部的；在西方的，在西部的southern南方的，南部的northern北方的，北部的northwestern(在)西北的，向西北的，来自西北的southeastern东南(部)的midwestern 中西部的；有中西部特性的前缀en-构成的高频动词enrich 使充实enable 使能够enlarge 使扩大encourage 鼓励ensure 确保；担保endanger 使遭遇危险词形相近词对比速记latter adj.较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的late adj.迟的，晚的，迟到的 adv.迟，晚latest adj.最新的；最近的later adv.后来 adj.后期的lately adv.近来；最近.重点短语识记思考运用1.动词介词/副词come _ 走近；上来；提出leave _ 动身去答案upfor2.动词名词(介词)play a _(in)扮演一个角色；参与make _ of 利用；使用答案partuse 3.其他形式more _ 超过；非常；不只是；不仅是because _ 因为；由于_ present 现在；目前believe _ or not 信不信由你be based _ 以为基础even_ 即便，即使答案thanofatitonthough/if用左栏所给短语的适当形式填空1.Adult scientists simply _ the same drive that served them as children.(2016浙江，阅读C)2.Milk can be excellent for helping sleep _ the calcium(钙)content，which helps people to relax.(2016四川，阅读D)3.The solution which _ in my unconscious mind proved correct at every step.(2016天津，阅读D)4.Anxious，I was unable to keep focused for _ an hour at a time.(2016北京，阅读A)答案1.make use of2.because of3.had come up4.more than【联想积累】“maken.介词”短语荟萃make advantages/use of 使用，利用make the most/best of 尽量利用；充分利用make way for 为让路，让路于make contact with 接通，与接触，与联系make an appointment with sb 与约定make a fool of 愚弄，欺骗.经典句式识记思考运用原句背诵感悟1.So people from the mountains in the southeastern USA speak with almost the same dialect as people in the northwestern USA.因此，美国东南部山区的人同美国西北部地区的人所说的方言几乎是一样的。2.It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.当时的英语更多地以德语为基础的，而现代英语不是。3.Believe it or not，there is no such thing as standard English.信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。句型公式仿写1.the same(.)as.和一样，和相似I bought _(和你买的一模一样的车).2.more.than.与其说倒不如说 Dont be too hard on him；hes _(与其说愚蠢，倒不如说粗心).3.句型there is no suchn.as.没有像这样的As is known to us，_(没有免费的午餐之类的事情)in the world.答案1.the same car as you did 2.more careless than stupid3.there is no such thing as a free lunch 【联想积累】固定句式there is no such.as.(1)其中的“no such可数名词单数”相当于“not such a(n)可数名词单数”。(2)such 与 all，no，some，any，few，little，many，much，several，one等词连用时，应置于这些词的后面，其后面的名词前无冠词。如：no such man；several such rooms。(3)such.as.像这样的，as 在句中引导定语从句。单 词 点 睛1.base vt.以为根据 n.基部；基地；基础高考佳句This suggests that British attitudes towards accent have deep roots and are based on class prejudice.(2015广东，阅读D)这表明，英国人对方言的态度根深蒂固，且源于阶级偏见。高考必备词汇精讲精练(1)base.on.根据根据；以；以为基础为基础(sth)be based on.以以为基础为基础(2)basis n.基础，基本原则基础，基本原则on the basis of 根据，在根据，在的基础上，基于的基础上，基于(3)basic adj.基本的；基础的基本的；基础的【特别提醒】在“base.on/upon.”结构中，base是及物动词，base后要跟宾语，否则要用被动形式be based on/upon。单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用Based _ their expressed thoughts and actual“music king”behaviors，this text examines the songs they sing，the rhythms.(2016浙江，阅读B)The research group produced two reports were based on the survey，but neither contained any useful suggestions.(2015福建，21)The robot doesnt just deliver general answers to questions；it responds _ what it learns about each individual in the household.(2015天津，阅读B)机器人不只是回答一般的问题，它会基于所了解的家庭中每个个体的情况做出回应。答案upon/on去掉were或在based前加that/whichbased on/on the basis mand n.C命令；指令 U掌握，控制 vt.命令，指挥；支配教材原句Read these sentences and decide which is a command and which is a request.阅读这些句子并判断出哪个是命令，哪个是要求。(1)at ones command听从某人的支配听从某人的支配(be)in command of指挥；控制指挥；控制be in the command of由由指挥，控制指挥，控制take command of控制；担任控制；担任的指挥的指挥have a good command of很好地掌握；精通很好地掌握；精通(2)command sb to do sth 命令某人做某事命令某人做某事command that.(should)do.命令命令做做【特别提醒】command后接that引导的宾语从句时，从句中要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“should动词原形”，其中should可以省略。能这样用的动词可以用以下口诀来记忆：一坚持(insist)；二命令(command，order)；三建议(advise，suggest，propose)；四要求(request，require，demand，desire)。单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用At last，the ship was placed in command _ Captain Smith.The students behaved badly in the writers classes because she didnt have good command of English.The boss _(命令他完成)some important work，but Henry _(忘了他的命令).答案 of good前加a commanded him to finish/commanded that he(should)finish；forgot his command 3.request n.&vt.请求；要求高考佳句When his request was refused，he took out his French horn and started to practice.(2015重庆，阅读C)当他的请求被拒绝时，他拿出他的法国号(一种铜管乐器)，开始练习。(1)make requests/a request for请求请求at ones requestat the request of sb 应某人的要求应某人的要求be in(great)request(大量大量)需要，受欢迎需要，受欢迎(2)request sth from/of sb 向某人请求某物向某人请求某物request sb to do sth 请求请求/要求某人做某事要求某人做某事request/make a request that.(should)do.请求请求/要求要求做某事做某事(3)It is requested that.(should)do.要求要求 【特别提醒】request，require和demand这三个词及其相应的名词后的从句，谓语都用虚拟语气，即“should动词原形”，其中should可以省略。单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用Mrs.Totten usually walked up and down the rows of desks _(request)answers from students.(2014湖南，阅读B)The pianist listened to our request that he played in public again.It is requested that our head teacher _ at tomorrows meeting.Our head teacher _ at tomorrows meeting.我们班主任被要求在明天的会议上演讲。答案requestingplayedplay(should)give a speech；is requested to give a speech4.recognize vt.辨认出；承认；公认教材原句Although many Americans move a lot，they still recognize and understand each others dialects.虽然许多美国人经常搬迁，但是他们仍然能够辨别、理解彼此的方言。(1)recognize sb/sth as/to be.承认某人承认某人(物物)是是be recognized as/to be被公认为被公认为It is(generally)recognized that.人们公认人们公认(2)recognition n.认识，认出；承认认识，认出；承认out of/beyond recognition认不出来认不出来单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用Every college discussion about community values，social climate and behavior should include _(recognize)of the developmental importance of student autonomy(自治).(2016北京，阅读D)The salesgirl looked at him for a second，then recognizing him and said，“Oh，hi！”_(人 们 一 致 认 为)environment pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face.答案 recognition recognizingrecognized It is (generally)recognized that straight adv.直接；挺直 adj.直的；笔直的；正直的；直接的高考佳句Instead，Id headed straight for Yangshuo.相反，我直接去了阳朔。(2015全国，语法填空)写出下列句子中黑体部分的含义We tend to have a better memory for things that excite our senses or appeal to our emotions than for straight facts.(2015浙江，11)常考必会词汇理解辨认Light typically travels in a straight line.(2015北京，阅读C)Your inner ear thinks youre falling.Meanwhile your eyes are telling you youre standing straight.(2015湖北，阅读D)Anyone who knows me personally thinks that Im pretty much of a straight man.答案直接的直线挺直地站着一个正直的或直率的人 短 语 点 拨 1.because of因为，由于教材原句.and because of that，English began to be spoken in many other countries.于是，许多别的国家开始说英语了。(1)because of是是介介词词短短语语，表表示示原原因因，意意为为“因因为为”，后后接接名名词词、代代词词或或宾宾语语从从句句，在在句句中中作作状状语语；because是是从从属属连连词词，引导原因状语从句，表示主句的根本原因。引导原因状语从句，表示主句的根本原因。(2)due to由于，可引导状语、定语或表语，但多引导表语。由于，可引导状语、定语或表语，但多引导表语。(3)thanks to常常引引导导状状语语，除除了了“由由于于”的的意意思思外外，还还可可意意为为“多亏多亏”，多引出好的原因。，多引出好的原因。【特别提醒】表达此意的还有：owing to 由于；as a result of.作为的结果；on account of 因为；in consequence of./as a consequence of.作为的结果。单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用There is still much room for improvement，because _ the ever increasing number of cars these years.(2015江苏，书面表达)However，Helene did not want her daughters to always work in the family business because of she thought it was too hard.The sports meet had to be put off _(由于下大雨).答案of去掉ofbecause of the heavy rain/because it rained heavily e up出现，发生；走近，升起，提出教材原句Yes，Id like to come up to your apartment.好的，我很乐意到你的公寓去。写出下列句子中come up的含义A gentleman at the office came up and patted Jasons shoulder fondly.“Youre just the boy I am looking for.”(2015湖北，完形)Id love to come with you，but something unexpected has come up.I planted some lily(百合花)seeds in the yard.But they failed to come up.(2012重庆，完形)When the moon came up，the young people began their celebration.So how can you came up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool？(2015北京，七选五)答案 走近发生发芽升起想出【特别提醒】come up在指“问题、建议或方案等被提出”时，为不及物动词短语，其主语通常为物，无被动语态；come up with则意为“提出”，为及物动词短语，主语通常为人，宾语则为表示建议、计划、方案等的名词。3.make use of利用；使用教材原句So by the 1600s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.所以到17世纪，莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大。make good/full use of 充分利用充分利用make the most/best of 充分利用充分利用take(full)advantage of(充分充分)利用利用put sth to use使用使用；利用；利用单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用Medical research often makes use _ the forests plant and animal life.(2015陕西，阅读C)Make full use of time is a good habit，which requires one to plan carefully.Technology is flexible.There is no fixed way _(利用它).(2014江西，阅读D)答案ofMakeMakingof making use of it/to make use of it 句 式 透 析1.教材原句Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English.以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以互相理解。(1)even if/though即即使使；尽尽管管，引引导导让让步步状状语语从从句句，在在从从句句中中常常用用一一般般现现在在时时代代替替将将来来时时。在在主主、从从句句主主语语相相同同时时也也可可采采用省略句结构。用省略句结构。(2)even so即使如此；尽管这样。即使如此；尽管这样。单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用Even if/though he _(fail)this time，he will try again.Even though the conference hall is near his apartment，but he has to hurry a little if he wants to be punctual.(2015湖北，27)He wont come to our party _(即使受到邀请).答案fails去掉buteven if/though(he is)invited2.教材原句This is because in the early days of radio，those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English.这是因为在早期的电台节目里，人们期望新闻播音员所说的英语是最好的英语。(1)this/thats because.意意为为“这这/那那是是因因为为”，用来表示原因。，用来表示原因。(2)this/thats why.意意为为“这这/那那是是为为什什么么”，用来表示结果。，用来表示结果。(3)this/thats how.意意 为为“这这/那那 是是 如如 何何”，用来表示方式。，用来表示方式。(4)this/thats when.意意为为“这这/那那是是的的时候时候”，用来表示时间。，用来表示时间。(5)this/thats where.意意为为“这这/那那是是的的地方地方”，用来表示地点。，用来表示地点。单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用Sometimes it looks like people with great self-control arent working hard but thats _ theyve made it automatic.(2014辽宁，阅读D)有时看起来有极大自制力的人似乎工作不努力，但那是因为他们已经把工作变成自觉行为了。Tom was overslept.Thats because he was late for work this morning._ we usually think its easier to just give up.(2015福建，阅读D)这就是我们通常认为的更容易放弃的地方。答案becausebecausewhyThis is where