2024英语寒假作业·高一年级 第2周第3天（阅读提升）.docx

2024英语寒假作业·高一年级第2周 第3天【阅读提升】CIt can be incredibly difficult to encourage ourselves to go for a run during winter, particularly when its wet and windy outside. But new research has found that even a super-quick run could have great health benefits. In fact, it seems that just a 10-minute session will not only make us feel better, but could actually improve brain health, too. Now, we all know that exercise can improve mental and physical health in many ways.But when it comes to mental well-being, theres been relatively little research done on the specific benefits of running, compared with other physical activities, such as cycling. So this was something put to the test during a recent study. Researchers from University of Tsukuba in Japan asked participants (参加者) to run on a treadmill (跑步机) for just 10 minutes. They then had to take a Stroop Color and Word Test which is used to measure reaction time in brain processing. Results showed there was a highest point in self-reported pleasure and an increase in degree of activity of the brain.In other words, runners were found to have an increase in blood flow in the part of the brain thats associated with dealing with functions and controlling mood (情绪). Researchers then compared these results to a similar study on cycling, which also showed improved cognition (认知), but no mood improvement. Therefore, it seems various types of exercise can make us feel differently.The authors noted, “Given exercise is medicine, the effects of drugs differ depending on the type of drug, and different types of exercise such as running and cycling should be observed to have different effects on mental health and brain functions as well.”So pushing ourselves to get outside for a run really will make us feel better, probably more than other fitness activities. And these findings show that we dont necessarily need to do a lot of exercise to feel the benefit of it.1. What did the new research find?A. Running fast benefits all of us.B. Running is the best exercise.C. A short time run can be beneficial.D. A healthy mind encourages us to run.2. How did the researchers get the result?A. By using different drugs on participants.B. By interviewing some sportsmen.C. By collecting information on the Internet.D. By doing experiments and comparisons.3. Which is related to our happiness?A. Cycling.B. Medicine.C. Blood flow.D. Colors.4. What is the main idea of the text?A. We should go for a run in winter.B. Running really benefits us mentally.C. We dont need a lot of exercise.D. Running on a treadmill is better than running outside.【重点词汇】1. incredibly adv. _2. session n. _3. mental adj. _4. specific adj. _5. measure v. _6. degree n. _7. associate v. _8. observe v. _【长难句翻译】1. But when it comes to mental well-being, theres been relatively little research done on the specific benefits of running, compared with other physical activities, such as cycling. _2. Given exercise is medicine, the effects of drugs differ depending on the type of drug, and different types of exercise such as running and cycling should be observed to have different effects on mental health and brain functions as well._DLivestreaming (直播) through channels such as Amazon Live and QVC is an increasingly popular way to sell goods online. It usually lasts between 5 and 10 minutes, and someone promotes a product. Viewers can then readily buy it by clicking on a link.We analyzed (分析) 99,451 sales cases on a livestream selling platform and matched them with actual sales cases. In terms of time, that is equal to over 2 million 30-second television advertisements.To determine the emotional (情绪的) expression of the salesperson, we used two deep learning models: a face model and an emotion model. The face model discovers the presence or absence of a face in a frame of a video stream. The emotion model then determines the probability that a face is exhibiting any of the six basic human emotions: happiness, sadness, surprise, anger, fear or disgust. For example, smiling signals a high probability of happiness, while an off-putting expression usually points toward anger.We wanted to see the effect of emotions expressed at different times in the sales cases so we counted probabilities for each emotion for all 62 million frames in our database. We then combined these probabilities with other possible aspects that might drive sales such as price and product characteristics to judge the effect of emotion.We found that, perhaps unsurprisingly, when salespeople show more negative emotions such as anger and disgust the volume of sales went down. But we also found that a similar thing happened when the salespeople show high levels of positive emotions, such as happiness or surprise.A likely explanation, based on our research, is that smiling can be disgusting because it lacks true feelings and can reduce trust in the seller. A sellers happiness may be taken as a sign that the seller is gaining interests at the customers expense. 5. What can we know about the livestreaming to sell goods online?A. It challenges the physical economy.B. It helps big company sell all goods.C. It is very convenient for the buyers.D. It helps the sellers develop fixed expressions.6. What does the underlined word “off-putting” mean in paragraph 3?A. Unhappy.B. Embarrassed.C. Surprised.D. Shy.7. How do customers feel about the sellers smiling?A. They feel thankful.B. They feel happy.C. They feel cheated.D. They feel so tired.8. Which of the following could be the best title for the text?A. Livestreamers Sell Products SuccessfullyB. Expressions Affect Selling Products OnlineC. Emotions and Faces: Whats the DifferenceD. Smiling Can Increase the Sales in Reality【重点词汇】1. channel n. _2. promote v. _3. platform n. _4. equal adj. _5. determine v. _6. presence n. _7. absence n. _8. signal v. _【长难句翻译】1. In terms of time, that is equal to over 2 million 30-second television advertisements._2. We wanted to see the effect of emotions expressed at different times in the sales cases so we counted probabilities for each emotion for all 62 million frames in our database. _七选五The oral exam (口试) is a long-held tradition in many schools and subjects. 1 Students must then answer properly, using materials they have learned in preparation for the exam. Showing plentiful knowledge of the subject results in passing the exam or an excellent grade. 2 As part of the completion of a program at the undergraduate or graduate levels, students might need to prove their knowledge and understanding of a subject area. Many science majors finish Bachelors studies with oral exams, or a particular program may require oral and written exams that show how a student has taken in all the materials learned in a four-year period. Usually study guides are available for these exams. 3 One valuable tip for students to succeed is to practice before the exam. 4 But by answering questions classmates or family ask them students can do as many practices as possible. On the day of the exam, students should dress plainly but respectfully, and in keeping with any dress requirements.Students taking these exams should remember how much they have learned, which is hopefully quite a lot. 5 When waiting outside the test room, taking a deep breath and reminding themselves that the oral exam is a nice way to show off how much knowledge has been learned from teachers can help overcome stressful moments. Also, any other relaxation techniques that help can be used.A. It raises questions to students in spoken form.B. Behaving properly can earn students some favor.C. They may not be able to predict all the questions.D. Usually, students performing well are experienced.E. Nervousness can even make the smartest student get stuck.F. There are many examples in college where oral exams are used.G. Therefore, prepared students tend not to be surprised by what theyre asked.【重点词汇】1. tradition n. _2. material n. _3. completion n. _4. require v. _5. available adj. _【长难句翻译】Students must then answer properly, using materials they have learned in preparation for the exam._参考答案：C本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究，研究表明短时间的跑步对人们的心理健康和大脑功能有好处。1. C 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“But new research has found that even a super-quick run could have great health benefits.”可知，新的研究发现，即使短时间的跑步也对健康有很大的益处。故选C。2. D 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“Researchers from University of Tsukuba in Japan asked participants (参加者) to run on a treadmill (跑步机) for just 10 minutes.”以及第三段第二句中的“Researchers then compared these results to a similar study on cycling”可知，日本筑波大学的研究人员做了一项实验，要求参与者们在跑步机上跑步10分钟，并与相同条件下的骑自行车（的参与者们）的结果进行比较，即研究者们通过做实验和比较得出了研究结果。故选D。3. C 推理判断题。根据第二段内容尤其是最后一句“Results showed there was a highest point in self-reported pleasure and an increase in degree of activity of the brain.”和第三段第一句“In other words, runners were found to have an increase in blood flow in the part of the brain thats associated with dealing with functions and controlling mood (情绪).”可知，实验结果表明自我报告的快乐程度达到了最高点，大脑的活跃程度也有所增加。换句话说，跑步者大脑中的与执行功能和控制情绪相关的部分的血流量增加了。由此可推知，血流量与人们的快乐相关。故选C。4. B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一项研究，研究表明短时间的跑步对人们的心理健康有好处。B项符合文章主旨。故选B。【重点词汇】1. incredibly adv. 极端地；极其2. session n. 一段时间；会期3. mental adj. 思想的；精神的4. specific adj. 明确的；具体的5. measure v. 测量；度量6. degree n. 度；程度7. associate v. 联想；联系8. observe v. 观察；遵守【长难句翻译】1. But when it comes to mental well-being, theres been relatively little research done on the specific benefits of running, compared with other physical activities, such as cycling. 但是，在心理健康方面，与其他体育活动（如骑自行车）相比，关于跑步的具体好处的研究相对较少。2. Given exercise is medicine, the effects of drugs differ depending on the type of drug, and different types of exercise such as running and cycling should be observed to have different effects on mental health and brain functions as well.鉴于运动是药物，药物的作用因药物类型而异，应观察不同类型的运动（如跑步和骑自行车）对心理健康和大脑功能也有不同的影响。D本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在线直播卖货时，主播面部表情对销售情况的影响。5. C 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“Viewers can then readily buy it by clicking on a link.”可知，观看者可以通过点击链接轻松购买（产品）。由此可推知，在线直播销售商品对消费者而言很方便。故选C。6. A 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，微笑意味着快乐的可能性很大，而另一种表情则指向愤怒。根据语境及“while”“anger”可知，与smiling相对应的off-putting应意为“令人不愉快的”，与A项意思相近。故选A。7. C 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“A likely explanation, based on our research, is that smiling can be disgusting because it lacks true feelings and can reduce trust in the seller.”可知，研究表明，一个可能的解释是（主播的）微笑让人反感，因为它缺乏真实感，会降低人们对卖家的信任。由此可推知，卖家的微笑会让买家产生自己被欺骗的感觉。故选C。8. B 标题概括题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了在线直播卖货时，主播面部表情对销售情况的影响。B项“面部表情影响在线售货”概括了文章大意，最适合作本文的标题。故选B。【重点词汇】1. channel n. 电视台；频道2. promote v. 促进；推动；促销3. platform n. 平台；站台4. equal adj. 相等的；平等的5. determine v. 确定；决定6. presence n. 在场；出席7. absence n. 缺席；不存在8. signal v. 发信号；示意【长难句翻译】1. In terms of time, that is equal to over 2 million 30-second television advertisements.就时间而言，这相当于超过200万个30秒的电视广告。2. We wanted to see the effect of emotions expressed at different times in the sales cases so we counted probabilities for each emotion for all 62 million frames in our database. 我们想看看在销售案例中不同时间表达的情绪的影响，因此我们计算了数据库中所有6200万帧中每种情绪的概率。七选五本文是一篇说明文。口试是许多学校和学科长期以来的传统，本文介绍了口试的相关内容。1. A 上文提到口试是许多学校和学科长期以来的传统，下文说学生必须根据所学内容作出恰当的回答，故空处应仍与对口试的介绍有关，且涉及口试中的问题，故A项“它以口语的形式向学生提出问题”符合语境，选项中的“It”指代“The oral exam”。故选A。2. F 空后提到了作为本科生或研究生完成课程学习的一部分，学生可能需要证明他们对某个学科领域的知识的理解和掌握。许多理科生通过口试完成学士学位学习，或者某个特定的课程可能需要通过口试和笔试来证明学生领会了四年来所学的知识。由此可知，F项“大学里有很多口试的例子”能总结这些内容。故选F。3. G 上文提到通常会有一些可用的备考指南，故空处应与备考指南的作用或影响有关，G项“因此，有准备的学生往往不会被所问的问题震惊到”能够承接上文。故选G。4. C 空前提到给学生的一条有用的建议就是练习，再根据空后的“But”可知，空处内容应与空后内容形成转折关系，且与练习有关。故C项“他们可能不能够预测到所有的问题”符合语境。故选C。5. E 本段主要讲的是参加口试的学生要保持好的心态。根据空后的克服紧张情绪的做法可知，空处也应与考试时的心态有关，故E项“紧张甚至会使最聪明的学生卡住”符合语境。故选E。【重点词汇】1. tradition n. 传统2. material n. 材料；原料3. completion n. 完成；结束4. require v. 需要；规定5. available adj. 可获得的；有空的【长难句翻译】Students must then answer properly, using materials they have learned in preparation for the exam.然后，学生必须使用他们在准备考试时学到的材料正确回答。7