2024英语寒假作业·高三年级 第2周第3天（阅读提升）.docx

2024英语寒假作业·高三年级第2周 第3天【阅读提升】COn Monday, December 5, online retailing (零售) giant Amazon announced the opening of its first physical store. Called Amazon Go, the Seattle-based store that is currently being tested by company employees, learns from regular grocery stores except for one thing “Just Walk Out” technology. All purchases are handled electronically, which means there are no cashiers, checkouts or lines. Shoppers simply take what they need and leave.To shop at Amazon Go, customers need to open an Amazon account and download the stores App onto their smartphones. Upon entering the store, they scan a QR code (二维码) with their phones and begin shopping. Every item picked up gets added to the bill automatically. If the customer changes his/her mind, all he/she has to do is return the purchase back on the shelf, and it will be removed from the final bill. Once the customer leaves the store, the amount spent is automatically taken out from the Amazon account and a digital receipt is generated to remind the shopper of the trade. To provide busy customers a pleasant shopping experience, Amazon, which has been working on this concept for four years, plans to keep the store size at a “comfortable” 1,800 square feet. In addition to typical grocery products like bread and milk, the store will stock ready-to-eat breakfast, lunch and dinner options, made by on-site chefs. There will also be chef-designed Amazon Meal boxes for those who prefer to cook the food at home.After years of joint efforts by Amazon staff, Amazon Go finally opened in 2021. Amazon will not provide any insight into the cutting-edge “Just Walk Out” technology. The company website states, “The checkout-free shopping experience is enabled by the same types of technologies used in self-driving cars: computer vision, sensor fusion and deep learning.”1. What is the advantage of Amazon Go over regular grocery stores?A. Store size.B. Shopping speed.C. Product price.D. Parking convenience.2. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?A. Why to download the stores App.B. How to open an Amazon account.C. How to shop at Amazon Go.D. What to buy at Amazon Go.3. What can we infer from paragraph 3?A. People can shop and eat at Amazon Go.B. Chefs will offer on-site cooking lessons.C. 1,800 square feet is the best size of grocery stores.D. Amazon spent years improving its service.4. What makes possible the checkout-free shopping experience?A. High-technology products.B. The help of the car industry.C. The deep learning method.D. Teamwork by Amazon staff.【重点词汇】1. announce v. _2. employee n. _3. purchase n. _4. account n. _5. automatically adv. _6. remove v. _7. receipt n. _8. concept n. _【长难句翻译】The checkout-free shopping experience is enabled by the same types of technologies used in self-driving cars: computer vision, sensor fusion and deep learning._DNo doubt that humans have widely changed, developed, and exploited (开发) much of the natural world for our own ends. But how much of the land surface remains free of our often-harmful influence?In a new study, scientists compared figures from four different sets of data using different kinds of methods and classification (分类) systems to answer this question. On average, the researchers say roughly half (48 to 56 percent) of the worlds land shows “low” influence of humans. While the figures may inspire many stressing the vast expanse of significantly untouched lands that can still be protected through conservation measures the study also shows just how much of the Earth has already been occupied and used by humans.In fact, only about a quarter (20 to 34 percent) of the planets ice-free land surface shows “very low” signs of human influence, the researchers say, and the parts of the planet that we have left alone up until now constitute (构成) some of the least livable places on Earth. In other words, whether through urbanization, forestry, agriculture or other means, humans have applied the most influence on biodiverse land that presented ripe and easy opportunities for immediate human needs; in contrast, roasting deserts in the worlds hottest places, or frozen wastelands in its coldest spots, have been ignored.Even so, the researchers say the results shown here give us a strong, clear marker that we can use to help structure existing and future conservation efforts by preventing disturbance on existing low influenced areas, meanwhile, recovering areas for conservation in land that has already been exploited too much.“The encouraging takeaway from this study is that if we act quickly and decisively (果断地)，there is a slim window in which we can still conserve roughly half of the Earths land in a relatively untouched state,” says biologist and lead author of the study, Jason Riggio.Theres a chance, right now, to draw a line in the sand, and say “no more”.5. Why was the new study carried out?A. To find out why humans exploit nature.B. To figure out the land free from human influence.C. To prove humans are harmful to nature.D. To clarify the Earth is not occupied by humans completely.6. Which places are influenced most by humans?A. Woodless lands.B. Ice-free lands.C. Places with biodiversity.D. Places with warmth.7. What can we do based on the research?A. Make use of the unlivable area through different means.B. Remove the influence on the previous disturbed area.C. Attempt to have no bad effect on the “untouched” land.D. Reconstruct the overexploited land with forest and agriculture.8. Whats the writers attitude towards the untouched land?A. It should be urbanized immediately.B. It should be covered with plants.C. It should be free from humans and animals.D. It should be undisturbed and preserved.【重点词汇】1. surface n. _2. influence n. _3. figure n. _4. conservation n. _5. occupy v. _6. ignore v. _7. exist v. _8. slim adj. _【长难句翻译】1. While the figures may inspire many stressing the vast expanse of significantly untouched lands that can still be protected through conservation measures the study also shows just how much of the Earth has already been occupied and used by humans._2. In other words, whether through urbanization, forestry, agriculture or other means, humans have applied the most influence on biodiverse land that presented ripe and easy opportunities for immediate human needs; in contrast, roasting deserts in the worlds hottest places, or frozen wastelands in its coldest spots, have been ignored._七选五Have you ever travelled somewhere without noticing the route you took or the people and landmarks you passed? 1 A lot of us run around on autopilot (自动驾驶), which means we do things without being aware that were doing them, lost in our thoughts instead. Mindfulness is about training the mind to be in the present moment to be more aware of what is happening now, rather than what has already happened or what might happen next. 2 Mindfulness can be traced back to the religion of Buddhism but its now practiced by people of all religions, as well as people who dont follow any religion. 3 Becoming more aware of the present can help us enjoy the world around us. It encourages us to appreciate things we might take for granted. According to the University of Oxford Mindfulness Research Centre, mindfulness can teach us to spot difficult emotions and thoughts and deal with them more easily. 4 An important part of mindfulness is tuning in to the five senses being aware of what you can see, hear, touch, smell and taste. You can try this throughout the day for example, when going for a walk or eating your dinner. 5 Mindfulness requires practice, and lots of people find that sitting quietly and focusing on their breathing helps.A. It is about observing our thoughts, feelings and surroundings.B. These are the only ways to help us stay focused on the present.C. Maybe youve swallowed your breakfast without noticing what it tastes like.D. Mindfulness can improve our concentration, relationships and mental health.E. We can choose to set aside our worries and concerns that arent helpful to us.F. Despite these emotional benefits, mindfulness sometimes leads to physical harms.G. Activities that require you to use your hands can also help you become more mindful.【重点词汇】1. route n. _2. aware adj. _3. trace v. _4. religion n. _5. take for granted _6. require v. _【长难句翻译】An important part of mindfulness is tuning in to the five senses being aware of what you can see, hear, touch, smell and taste._参考答案：C本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了线上零售商巨头亚马逊新开的首家实体店Amazon Go及其运作方式。1. B 推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句“All purchases are handled electronically, which means there are no cashiers, checkouts or lines. Shoppers simply take what they need and leave.”可知，Amazon Go里没有收银员和收银台，也不用排队。顾客只需要拿自己需要的物品就可以（结账）离开。由此可推知，与普通杂货店相比，Amazon Go的购物速度是一个优势。故选B。2. C 段落大意题。通读第二段可知，本段介绍了顾客如何在Amazon Go购物和结账等细节。C项“如何在Amazon Go里购物”能概括本段大意。故选C。3. D 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句中的“To provide busy customers a pleasant shopping experience, Amazon, which has been working on this concept for four years”可知，亚马逊在过去的四年里一直致力于为顾客提供愉快的购物体验。由此可推知，亚马逊多年来一直在提升自己的服务。故选D。4. A 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句中的“The checkout-free shopping experience is enabled by the same types of technologies used in self-driving cars”可知，这种免结账购物体验得以成为现实，是因为使用了和自动驾驶汽车相同的技术。故选A。【重点词汇】1. announce v. 宣布；宣告2. employee n. 雇员3. purchase n. 购买；采购4. account n. 账户；账目5. automatically adv. 自动地；无意识地6. remove v. 移开；摘下7. receipt n. 收据；收条8. concept n. 概念；观念【长难句翻译】The checkout-free shopping experience is enabled by the same types of technologies used in self-driving cars: computer vision, sensor fusion and deep learning.免结账购物体验由自动驾驶汽车中使用的相同类型的技术实现：计算机视觉、传感器融合和深度学习。D本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于人类未开发的土地的研究。5. B 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“But how much of the land surface remains free of our often-harmful influence?”及第二段第一句“In a new study, scientists compared figures from four different sets of data using different kinds of methods and classification systems to answer this question.”可知，开展新研究是为了查清未被人类影响的土地面积。故选B。6. C 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中的“humans have applied the most influence on biodiverse land that presented ripe and easy opportunities for immediate human needs”可知，人类对具有生物多样性的土地影响最大。故选C。7. C 推理判断题。根据第四段“Even so, the researchers say the results shown here give us a strong, clear marker that we can use to help structure existing and future conservation efforts by preventing disturbance on existing low influenced areas, meanwhile, recovering areas for conservation in land that has already been exploited too much.”可知，我们可以防止对现有低影响区域的干扰，同时，恢复已经被过度开发的土地的保护区。由此可推知，基于研究，我们可以试图对未开发的土地不造成不良影响。故选C。8. D 观点态度题。根据倒数第二段中的“we can still conserve roughly half of the Earths land in a relatively untouched state”可知，作者认为我们仍然可以保护地球上大约一半的土地，使其处于相对未受影响的状态。故选D。【重点词汇】1. surface n. 表面；表层2. influence n. 影响；作用3. figure n. 数字4. conservation n. 保护5. occupy v. 使用；占用6. ignore v. 忽视；不予理睬7. exist v. 存在；生存8. slim adj. 苗条的；小的【长难句翻译】1. While the figures may inspire many stressing the vast expanse of significantly untouched lands that can still be protected through conservation measures the study also shows just how much of the Earth has already been occupied and used by humans.虽然这些数字可能会激励许多人强调大片未被破坏的土地仍然可以通过保护措施得到保护但这项研究也表明了地球上有多少地方已经被人类占领和使用。2. In other words, whether through urbanization, forestry, agriculture or other means, humans have applied the most influence on biodiverse land that presented ripe and easy opportunities for immediate human needs; in contrast, roasting deserts in the worlds hottest places, or frozen wastelands in its coldest spots, have been ignored.换言之，无论是通过城市化、林业、农业还是其他手段，人类对生物多样性土地的影响最大，这些土地为人类的迫切需求提供了成熟和容易的机会；相比之下，在世界上最热的地方的炙热的沙漠，或在最寒冷的地方的冰冻的荒地，却被忽视了。七选五本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了正念的含义、重要性及训练方法。1. C 空后讲有时我们在做事情但没有意识到自己正在做这些事情，而是迷失在了我们的思绪中。C项“也许你没有注意到早餐的味道，就已经吞下去了”引起下文，符合语境。故选C。2. A 空前讲正念就是训练你的精神凝聚于当下时刻，即更多地觉察到当下发生的事情，而不是已经发生过或接下来可能发生的事情。A项“它是关于观察我们的思想、感觉和周围的环境的”承接上文，符合语境。故选A。3. D 通读本段内容可知，本段主要谈论了正念的重要意义。D项中的“concentration”与下文“Becoming more aware of the present can help us enjoy the world around us.”相呼应；“relationships”与下文“It encourages us to appreciate things we might take for granted.”相呼应；“mental health”与下文中的“mindfulness can teach us to spot difficult emotions and thoughts and deal with them more easily”相呼应。故选D。4. E 空前讲正念可以教会我们去发现消极的情绪和想法，并且更容易地应对它们。E项“我们可以选择将对我们来说没有帮助的担忧放在一边”承接上文，符合语境。故选E。5. G 通读本段内容可知，本段谈论了正念的训练方法。G项“需要你动手的活动也可以帮助你变得更加专注”符合语境。故选G。【重点词汇】1. route n. 路线；路途2. aware adj. 知道；意识到3. trace v. 查出；追溯4. religion n. 宗教5. take for granted 认为理所当然6. require v. 需要；依靠【长难句翻译】An important part of mindfulness is tuning in to the five senses being aware of what you can see, hear, touch, smell and taste.正念的一个重要部分是调整五种感官意识到你能看到、听到、触摸、闻到和尝到的东西。8