2024英语寒假作业·高三年级 第2周第1天（基础夯实）.docx

2024英语寒假作业·高三年级第2周 第1天【基础夯实】一、派生词强化专练动手术，操作，开动1. He _ on the babys throat, and saved its life.2. The lift is _ by electricity.3. The _ of this machine is simple.办公室，职务，职责，军官，官员，官方的，正式的1. His uncle was an _ in the army.2. His _ is on the second floor.3. The President and the Secretary of State are government _.4. In Zaire there are four _ languages.毒药，有毒，毒死1. Not all snakes are _.2. We can sometimes be _ by bad food.3. Hate is a _ for which there is no antidote (解毒药).有礼貌，有教养1. Bob _ stood aside and let the lady go through the doorway first.2. The children from that school are known for their _.3. It is _ to say “Thank you” and to open doors for people.弄脏，污染1. All those waste products are _ the rivers.2. The new law will reduce _ of the air.可能，或许，可能性1. They didnt see any _ of improvement.2. _ well meet again soon.3. Ill help you if _.4. “When are you going to see him?” “As soon as _.”力量，能力，权力，有力的，强大的1. Knowledge is _.2. Hes very _ built.3. _ nations sometimes try to control weaker ones.实践，实际，练习，实用的，实际的1. _ makes perfect.2. Knowledge without _ makes but half an artist.3. He is _ the piano now.4. They are _ singing the new song.5. The paper seems to me of no _ importance.压，压力，挤，按1. Hes always been frightened of his blood _.2. _ this button to start the engine.真的，真正，确实，现实1. This story is not _; it is only imaginary.2. We _ must be off.3. This is not imagination, but _.4. It is _ very good of you to do this for me.二、背诵下面的完形填空高频词并翻译例句。1. relieve 缓解（痛苦）Anxiety may be relieved by talking to a friend._2. remain 留下，保持Very little of the house remained after the fire._3. rent 租The apartment rents for $2,000 a month._4. remove 移开He was too tired to remove the stone._5. repay 偿还，报答He promised to repay the money in a week._6. replace 接替；取代Tour buses have replaced railway cars._7. request 要求The teacher requests your presence._8. require 需要This condition requires urgent treatment._9. resist 忍住；抵抗；抵制I finished the cake. I couldnt resist it._10. restore 恢复Her job is restoring old buildings._三、单句语法填空定语从句之关系代词1. It is no longer the place _ it used to be.2. The reason _ he explained at the meeting was that he did not catch the first bus.3. Tom is the boy _ mother is our maths teacher.4. He talked about the teachers and schools _ he visited a few days ago.5. The tourist wanted to book a room _ window faces south.6. Survivors thank those _ helped them rebuild after the earthquake in 2013.7. Watch out! Dont get close to the building _ walls are being painted.8. The person _ the girl turned to for help worked as a senior school teacher.9. Who was the man _ shook hands with our English teacher just now?10. Please send us all the information _ you have about the candidate for the position.11. The earthquake _ happened in Tangshan on 28 July 1976 is a terrible experience.12. The place _ interested me most was the Childrens Palace.13. They asked about the things and teachers _ they still remembered in the school.14. Many famous people sign their name in a way _ cant be recognized.15. Do you want a friend to _ you could tell everything, like your deepest feelings?四、语法填空（一）NASA has discovered the 1 (eight) planet of a star system, similar to our solar system. The star, Kepler-90, is over 2,500 light years away and larger and 2 (hot) than our sun. It is the first star known to have as many planets as our solar system.The Kepler-90 star system is much more compact (紧凑的) than our solar system. The outermost planet 3 (orbit) the star at about the same distance as the earth goes around the sun. Its inner planets are smaller and rocky 4 the outer ones are larger and made up of gas.The newly discovered planet, Kepler-90i, is probably rocky and similar to our earth, but because of its closeness to its home star, it has 5 average surface temperature of about 400°C. It moves around the star once every 14.4 days.The discovery was made on data 6 (provide) by the Kepler space telescope. Launched in March 2009, the telescope has constantly been looking into certain sections of the universe 7 search of new stars and planetary systems. Up to now, over 2,000 new systems 8 (discover). 9 (help) analyze the data, NASA has been relying on artificial intelligence software supplied by Google. This software examines weak 10 (signal) of light when objects pass in front of a star. The new way of examining data is expected to find even more new planets in the future.1. _2. _3. _4. _5. _6. _7. _8. _9. _10. _（二）Teenagers who turn off the TV and sit down to have family meals are less likely to suffer eating disorders. A study has connected eating together with 1 (low) rates of bulimia (贪食症) and anorexia (厌食). Researcher Barbara said, “The common belief is 2 teens dont want to be around their parents very much and they are just too busy to have regular meals with family members.”The study shows happy 3 (family) have teenagers who eat with their parents often. These teens have fewer dangerous eating habits.“Even having three family meals a week 4 (help). Parents may not be able to get their family members together around the table seven days a week, but if they can prepare three family meals a week, this will have a big influence 5 the health of teens”, Professor Fiese said. She also found that teens 6 (eat) at least five meals a week with their family members are 35% less likely to be “disordered eaters”.Teens can also use family meals as a time 7 (get) their thoughts across. They are also 24% more likely to eat healthy foods and have healthy eating habits than those who dont share three meals with their family members.Professor Fiese said, “Family meals give them 8 place where they can go 9 (regular) to communicate with their parents and express 10 (they) freely.”1. _2. _3. _4. _5. _6. _7. _8. _9. _10. _参考答案：一、派生词强化专练1. operated 2. operated 3. operation1. officer 2. office 3. officials 4. official1. poisonous 2. poisoned 3. poison1. politely 2. politeness 3. polite1. polluting 2. pollution1. possibility 2. Possibly 3. possible 4. possible1. power 2. powerfully 3. Powerful1. Practice 2. practice 3. practising 4. practising 5. practical1. pressure 2. Press1. real 2. really 3. reality 4. really二、背诵下面的完形填空高频词并翻译例句。1. 和朋友聊聊天也许就能缓解焦虑。2. 大火过后，房子只剩下一点儿了。3. 这间公寓每月房租2000美金。4. 他累得搬不动那块石头了。5. 他承诺在一周内还钱。6. 观光巴士已经取代了火车。7. 老师要求你到场。8. 这种情况需要紧急处理。9. 我把蛋糕都吃完了。我忍不住想吃。10. 她的工作是修复古建筑。三、单句语法填空1. that2. that/which3. whose4. that5. whose6. who7. whose8. whom9. that10. that11. that/which12. that/which13. that14. that/which15. whom四、语法填空（一）本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国国家航空航天局的一个发现。1. eighth 考查数词。此处表示NASA发现了恒星系统中的第八颗行星。根据空格前的“the”可知，此处应用序数词eighth。故填eighth。2. hotter 考查形容词的比较等级。根据“larger and”和“than”可知，此处应用形容词的比较级形式hotter，与larger构成并列关系。故填hotter。3. orbits 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处描述的是客观事实，时态应用一般现在时；且主语“The outermost planet”是第三人称单数，谓语动词也应使用第三人称单数形式。故填orbits。4. while/but 考查连词。此处表示它的内行星较小且多岩石，而外行星较大且由气体组成。此处应用连词while连接两个分句并起到对比作用，意为“而，然而”；或用连词but，表示转折。故填while/but。5. an 考查冠词。此处表示它（该行星）的平均表面温度约为400°C。此处表泛指，且average是以元音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。6. provided 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，逻辑主语“data”与动词provide之间构成被动关系，此处应用过去分词provided作后置定语修饰“data”。故填provided。7. in 考查介词。in search of为固定搭配，意为“寻找”。故填in。8. have been discovered 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，主语“over 2,000 new systems”与动词discover之间构成被动关系，应用被动语态；根据时间状语“Up to now”可知，此处应用现在完成时；且主语是复数形式，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填have been discovered。9. To help 考查非谓语动词。此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填To help。注意首字母大写。10. signals 考查名词的单复数。signal为可数名词，且前面无冠词修饰，应用复数形式表示泛指。故填signals。（二）本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，青少年和家人一起吃饭有助于健康。1. lower 考查形容词的比较级。根据语境，特别是上文中的less可知，这里应该用比较级。2. that 考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，且从句中成分和意义完整，故填that。3. families 考查名词复数。根据语境以及后面的谓语动词have可知，此处应用名词的复数形式。4. helps 考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处陈述客观的情况，应用一般现在时，且“having three family meals a week”是动词-ing形式作主语，故这里要用第三人称单数形式。5. on/upon 考查介词。have a(n).influence on/upon.“对有的影响”，为固定搭配。故填on/upon。6. eating 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作定语，且teens与eat之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填eating。7. to get 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，这里用不定式作定语修饰前面的time。8. a 考查冠词。place为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且place的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。9. regularly 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词go，所以要用副词形式。10. themselves 考查代词。express oneself“表达自己（的想法）”，为固定搭配。故填themselves。6