应用文学习-阅读技巧训练（上）学生版.docx

阅读技巧训练(上)A应用文：广告Ads；指南GuidesB记叙文：故事类story;人物类Biography;内心独白monologueC说明文:科研类research;新发明类invention;事实类factsD议论文: 观点类opinion;辩论类debate细节题解题出步走:读（读题干）划（划出关键词）定（用关键词定位原文）比（比较选项和定位句）啥是题干关键词?数:数字(6000;42%;21st;1980s) 大:大写字母(人名、地名,机构名等)名:名词(apple; job) 动:动词(admire; understand)PART 1应用文 综合训练（2021年北京卷A篇）If you are planning to start a career in the field of education，science，or culture，then an internship（实习） at UNESCO will be ideal for youWho can apply？You have completed your full-time university studies；orYou are studying in a graduate program for a master's degreeApplicants in technical assignments must have reached the last year of their studies in a technical institutionWhat are the requirements？You must be at least 20 years oldYou should have a good command （掌握） of either English or FrenchYou must have an excellent knowledge of office-related softwareYou should be able to work well in a team and adapt to an international working environment You should possess strong interpersonal and communication skillsWhat do you need to prepare？ Visa：You should obtain the necessary visasTravel：You must arrange and finance your travel to and from the location where you will do your internshipMedical insurance：You must show proof of a comprehensive health insurance valid（有效的）in the target country for the entire period of the internshipUNESCO will provide limited insurance coverage up to USD30,000 for the internship periodMedical certificate：You must provide a medical certificate indicating you are fit to workMotivation letter：You should have your motivation letter ready before filling out the application formYour application will be accessed by UNESCO managers and will stay in our database for six monthsWe do not respond to every candidateIf selected，you will be contacted by a managerIf you do not receive any update within six months，it means that your application has not been successful21. According to this passage, applicants are required to_A. hold a master's degree in science B. have international work experienceC. be fluent in either English or French D. present a letter from a technical institution3/5 What are the requirements？You must be at least 20 years oldYou should have a good command （掌握） of either English or FrenchYou must have an excellent knowledge of office-related softwareYou should be able to work well in a team and adapt to an international working environment You should possess strong interpersonal and communication skills22 What will UNESCO provide for the internship period？A. Limited medical insurance coverage B. Training in communication skillsC. A medical certificate for work D. Financial support for travel4/5 What do you need to prepare？ Visa：You should obtain the necessary visasTravel：You must arrange and finance your travel to and from the location where you will do your internshipMedical insurance：You must show proof of a comprehensive health insurance valid（有效的）in the target country for the entire period of the internshipUNESCO will provide limited insurance coverage up to USD30,000 for the internship periodMedical certificate：You must provide a medical certificate indicating you are fit to workMotivation letter：You should have your motivation letter ready before filling out the application form23. What should applicants do before filling out the application form？A. Contact UNESCO managersB. Get access to the databaseC. Keep a motivation letter at handD. Work in a team for six months4/5 What do you need to prepare？ Visa：You should obtain the necessary visasTravel：You must arrange and finance your travel to and from the location where you will do your internshipMedical insurance：You must show proof of a comprehensive health insurance valid（有效的）in the target country for the entire period of the internshipUNESCO will provide limited insurance coverage up to USD30,000 for the internship periodMedical certificate：You must provide a medical certificate indicating you are fit to workMotivation letter：You should have your motivation letter ready before filling out the application formPART 2记叙文 综合训练(2021年广东省佛山市模拟)Norwood, a junior High School student, was driving three friends home in St. Petersburg, when another driver crashed into her from her left and made her car hit the tree. The impact jammed the driver's side door, so Norwood climbed out the front window. Two of her friends managed to get out of the car unharmed, but her 16-year-old friend Zarria didn't. She ran back to the car only to find Zarria was just sitting there reactionless. 故事A lot of people started to gather around to see what was happening. Norwood started yelling, "Back up, back up, she needs space". Norwood pulled Zarria out of the back seat, avoiding broken glass from the window. "That's when I checked her pulse on her neck. I put my head against her chest, and I didn't really hear nothing. So that's when I just started doing CPR on her." Norwood told the reporter. After the 30 compressions and two rescue breaths，Zarria regained consciousness. Ambulance quickly arrived and rushed her to the hospital to receive medical help. 故事 When Miller, Norwood's high school teacher, learned that Norwood saved a friend just one day after completing CPR training, she was at a loss for words and so proud. Norwood participates in the school's Athletic Lifestyle Management Academy ,(ALMA). The program prepares students for various careers in health science. "We do vital signs and they learn how to take blood pressure and check pulse." Miller introduced. And another one of the skills learned is CPR. "There are two components, a hands-on skills component where they have to demonstrate that they're able to do CPR well, and then there's a written test component. showing that they .remember that knowledge." 故事Thanks to Norwood's quick thinking, Zarria is recovering well. She also isn't surprised by her friend's actions. "She will always help anyway she can, so I wasn't really shocked about that." 价值记叙文:故事(过去时)+价值(现在时/将来时)首段:Norwood, a junior High School student, was driving three friends home in St. Petersburg, when another driver crashed into her from her left and made her car hit the tree. The impact jammed the driver's side door, so Norwood climbed out the front window. Two of her friends managed to get out of the car unharmed, but her 16-year-old friend Zarria didn't. She ran back to the car only to find Zarria was just sitting there reactionless.Norwood是一名初中生.当天在圣彼得斯堡开车送三个朋友回家时,另一名司机从左侧撞到她的车,导致她的车撞到一棵树上。这一影响将驾驶座侧门堵住，Norwood从前面爬出车外。她的两个朋友安然无恙地离开了车，但16岁的朋友Zarria却没有。Norwood跑回汽车时发现Zarria只是坐在那里,毫无反应.尾段:Thanks to Norwood's quick thinking, Zarria is recovering well. She also isn't surprised by her friend's actions. "She will always help anyway she can, so I wasn't really shocked about that."多亏Norwood的快速反应,Zarria恢复得很好。她对朋友的行为也不感到惊讶“她总是会尽其所能地帮助别人,所以对此我并不感到震惊。主旨:初中少女救同学 一贯优秀不惊讶1.What happened to Norwood and her friends on their way home?A. They lost their way. B. They suffered a car accident.C. They crashed into another car. D. They were stuck in a traffic jam.细节题:读划定比,同义改写1/4 Norwood, a junior High School student, was driving three friends home in St. Petersburg, when another driver crashed into her from her left and made her car hit the tree. The impact jammed the driver's side door, so Norwood climbed out the front window. Two of her friends managed to get out of the car unharmed, but her 16-year-old friend Zarria didn't. She ran back to the car only to find Zarria was just sitting there reactionless.长难句分析:Norwood, a junior High School student , was driving three friends home in St. Petersburg, when another driver crashed into her from her left and made her car hit the tree.Norwood是一名初中生.当天在圣彼得斯堡开车送三个朋友回家时,另一名司机从左侧撞到她的车,导致她的车撞到一棵树上。be doingwhen 正在做突然be about to dowhen 正要做突然had donewhen 刚做完突然高频词汇:crash v.撞车2. What did Norwood do first when finding Zarria reactionless?A. To give her first aid. B. To ask people for help.C. To call ambulance at once. D. To send her to hospital immediately.1/4 The impact jammed the driver's side door, so Norwood climbed out the front window. Two of her friends managed to get out of the car unharmed, but her 16-year-old friend Zarria didn't. She ran back to the car only to find Zarria was just sitting there reactionless.【2/4】A lot of people started to gather around to see what was happening. Norwood started yelling, "Back up, back up, she needs space". Norwood pulled Zarria out of the back seat, avoiding broken glass from the window. "That's when I checked her pulse on her neck. I put my head against her chest, and I didn't really hear nothing. So that's when I just started doing CPR on her." Norwood told the reporter. After the 30 compressions and two rescue breaths，Zarria regained consciousness. Ambulance quickly arrived and rushed her to the hospital to receive medical help. 3. What can we infer about the ALMA?A. It normally lasts for one day. B. It is for medical students only. C. It focuses on both theory and practice. D. It trains students to live a healthy lifestyle.【3/4】When Miller, Norwood's high school teacher, learned that Norwood saved a friend just one day after completing CPR training, she was at a loss for words and so proud. Norwood participates in the school's Athletic Lifestyle Management Academy ,(ALMA). The program prepares students for various careers in health science. "We do vital signs and they learn how to take blood pressure and check pulse." Miller introduced. And another one of the skills learned is CPR. "There are two components, a hands-on skills component where they have to demonstrate that they're able to do CPR well, and then there's a written test component. showing that they remember that knowledge."用逻辑推理,看重要信息高频词汇:component n.组成部分练习2 【2021年重庆市沙坪坝区月考】My wife and I were at a crowded grocery store not long ago. It was a weekday evening, cold and wet and tense. People were carelessly blocking aisles, complaining and cutting one another off with their carts. At one point, two women quarreled for several minutes after colliding in the freezer section. 故事Things got worse at the checkout line. The cashier scanned a man's discount card, but he misread the savings on her screen as an additional charge. He decided she was acting intentionally and began to argue. 故事Other customers looked away as the cashier tried to reason with him. She called a manager, who took him to customer service. Shaken, she moved to the next customer in line. 故事We've all witnessed uncomfortable scenes like this in public places. My reaction when I see them is both personal and professional. I am a data analyst and sociologist who studies how and why people interact with one another- or why they choose not to. To me, the grocery scene was another example of how our trust in others has faded. But itwas also a teachable moment on how we can rebuild our faith-starting with just one person. 价值Therefore, my wife and I reached the disturbed cashier. I grabbed a bottle of water from a nearby cooler and handed it to her. We learned her name was Beth. 故事"We felt bad about how that man treated you and wanted to buy this for you", I said.Beth's face lit up, and we talked as she scanned our items. She told us she had been working that evening through severe foot pain and would be having surgery later that week. We wished her well in her recovery, and she thanked us as we left. 故事That is the balancing act, the moment of countering social and emotional pain with healing, that will add up to restoring trust across the United States. You can start that pattern in someone else's life, even in a place as ordinary as the neighborhood grocery store. 价值首段:My wife and I were at a crowded grocery store not long ago. It was a weekday evening, cold and wet and tense. People were carelessly blocking aisles, complaining and cutting one another off with their carts. At one point, two women quarreled for several minutes after colliding in the freezer section.我和妻子不久前去了一个拥挤的杂货店。那是一个工作日的傍晚,又冷又湿,气氛紧张。人们毫不顾忌地堵住通道，抱怨着，用购物车相互挤撞。一度有两名妇女在冷冻区碰撞后大吵了好几分钟.尾段:That is the balancing act, the moment of countering social and emotional pain with healing, that will add up to restoring trust across the United States. You can start that pattern in someone else's life, even in a place as ordinary as the neighborhood grocery store. 这就是平衡,用治愈来抵消社会和情感痛苦的时刻.将有助于恢复美国的信任.你可以从别人的生活中开始这种模式,即使是在一个像社区杂货店这样普通的地方。主旨:夫妻购物偶遇吵架 做出善举重建信任1.By describing the arguments, the author wants to show _. A. the job as a cashier is not easy.B. people in the US are unfriendly.C. arguments in public are very common.D. confidence in each other has worn off.找价值段1/8 My wife and I were at a crowded grocery store not long ago. It was a weekday evening, cold and wet and tense. People were carelessly blocking aisles, complaining and cutting one another off with their carts. At one point, two women quarreled for several minutes after colliding in the freezer section. 故事2/8 Things got worse at the checkout line. The cashier scanned a man's discount card, but he misread the savings on her screen as an additional charge. He decided she was acting intentionally and began to argue. 故事3/8 Other customers looked away as the cashier tried to reason with him. She called a manager, who took him to customer service. Shaken, she moved to the next customer in line. 故事4/8 We've all witnessed uncomfortable scenes like this in public places. My reaction when I see them is both personal and professional. I am a data analyst and sociologist who studies how and why people interact with one another- or why they choose not to. To me, the grocery scene was another example of how our trust in others has faded. But itwas also a teachable moment on how we can rebuild our faith-starting with just one person. 价值高频词汇：intentionally/deliberately adv.故意 confidence n.自信;信任 confidential adj.机密的2.How did Beth probably feel when the couple gave her a bottle of water?A. Sad and regretful. B. Sorry and wronged.C. Cheerful and rewarded. D. Grateful and relieved .5/8 Therefore, my wife and I reached the disturbed cashier. I grabbed a bottle of water from a nearby cooler and handed it to her. We learned her name was Beth.没有题目所问信息6/8 "We felt bad about how that man treated you and wanted to buy this for you", I sai