2019-2020学年辽宁省抚顺市第一中学高二下学期6月份第二次周测英语试题.docx

辽宁省抚顺市第一中学2019-2020学年高二下学 期6月份第二次周测英语试题第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题分，满分分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ADramatized Thoughts on Public SpeakingAs the crowd gathered, I could feel my heart beating. I wondered if they could hear it. Against my will, I could feel my face turning hot and knew that I was blushing. Even if they cannot hear my heart thumping with every beat, I thought, they can surely see it in my eyes. My eyes are always a dead give-away. They well up with fear and often even hot with tears, every time I get nervous. That and my stupid old face turning a bright shade of red. I knew that by now I probably looked like a sunburned tomato. They would never take me seriously.I began to wish that I was more like my sister. She is always so confident and proud of herself. It seemed like she hardly ever gets nervous when it really counts. Either that or she hid it better than 1.1 wished I had never even thought of this stupid idea of running for student body president. That was a month ago, before I found out that I would have to speak in front of the entire school. It was too late to back out now pretty soon the speeches would begin. It would only be a few hours before the embarrassing results would come out, and that wasn*t even the worst of my worries. What would everyone say? What would my parents think when I told them that I lost the election? They were so proud of me; I would never be able to tell them. Everyone was counting on me, my teachers, my friends, even the principal. I was sure that I would fail miserably now that I had gotten myself into such a negative state of mind. I reread my speech. All the great hopes and ideas I had, all written on that awful piece of paper. I realized why I had written those words and an air of anticipation （预感）ran through my body. Just in time, too.I heard my name only seconds later. Those few feet to the podium （讲 台）felt like a mile. My knees were shaking, but somehow I managed to keep my ground. Although I knew that I probably wouldn't need it, I placed my well-rehearsed speech on the podium. Then, like a gymnast about to plunge into a tumbling pass, I looked up at the audience. And as I delivered that speech, a new and strange realization came to me. I had captured their attention and for a moment-they belonged to me.1. Why did the author think it stupid to attend the election?A. People wouldn't take her seriously. C.She didn't expect such a large audience.2. What was the author's worst worry?A. Her efforts would be in vain.C.The results would come out soon.B. Her sister was much better than her.D. There wasn't enough time for her to prepare.B. She would disappoint others.D. She would suffer from stage fright.A.B.C.D.3. 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Once word gets out that 2019 Silver Dollars are finally available, especially at such a great price, you'll be facing far more competition for those very first 2019 Silver Dollars. But by calling today, you can secure yours ahead of the rush.Call Now And Beat the Crowd!The American Eagle Silver Dollar is one of the best selling and most widely collected silver coins in the world. Don't miss out-call now at 1-888-835-8675 and secure your very own American Eagle Silver Dollars ahead of the crowd. Plus, the more you buy, the more you save! FREE SHIPPING on 8 or More!4. We can learn that the Silver Dollar is.A. newly designedB. currently in circulationC.issued in limited quantityD. intended for top collectors5. What makes the Silver Dollar most worth collecting?A. It is made of precious metal.B. It is government guaranteed.C.It is popular with customers.D. It is beautifully designed.6. To secure your Silver Dollar, you'd better.A. contact the United States MintB. ovM first.C. call at 1-888-835-8675 nowD. buy eight or more at a time7. The main purpose of the passage is to.A. present and argueB. inform and persuadeC. introduce and analyzeD. compare and evaluateCHibernationFor people who aren't fans of winter, animals that hibernate seem to have the right idea: It's the equivalent of burying your head under the covers until spring comes isn't it? Not quite.“Most of the physiological functions are extremely slowed downsays Marina Blanco, a postdoctoral associate at the Duke Lemur （狐猴）Center in Durham, North Carolina. For example, when lemurs hibernate, they reduce their heart rates from over 300 beats per minute to fewer than six, says Blanco. And instead of breathing about every second, they can go up to 10 minutes without taking a breath. Their brain activity "becomes undetectable.This is very different from sleep, which is gentle resting state where unconscious functions are still performed.Put simply: "Hibernation is a means of energy conservation/9 says Kelly Drew, a neuropharmacologist at the University of Alaska Fairbanks who studies the brain chemistry of hibernating Arctic ground squirrels.While hibernation is often seen as a seasonal behavior, it's not limited to cold-weather animals. There are tropical hibernators that may do so to beat the heat. And “some species hibernate in response to food shortages J notes Drew. For example, echidnas （针 最是）in Australia will hibernate after fires, waiting until food resources rebound to resume normal activities.To slow their metabolism （新陈代谢），animals cool their bodies by 5 to 10 on average. The Arctic ground squirrels Drew works on can take this much further, supercooling to subfreezing temperatures. Drew's research has shown that cooling is likely regulated by levels of adenosine （腺首）in the brain. Not only does adenosine increase in winter in ground squirrels, the receptors for the molecule become more sensitive to it.But species don't stay in their cold, sleeping state fbr the duration of their dormant period. About 80 percent of their energy is spent intermittently （间歇地）waking and warming up. Why they do this is "one of the greatest mysteries“ of the field, says Thomas Ruf, a professor of animal physiology at the University of Veterinary Medicine in Vienna. Some think they need to turn back on their immune systems to fight disease, while others think they may simply awaken so they can sleep.One bird and a variety of amphibians（两栖动物）,reptiles and insects also exhibit hibernation-like states. There is even at least one fish the Antarctic cod that slows down its metabolism in winter, becoming 20 times less active. And, of course, there are lots of mammals. While bears might be the first that come to mind, most mammalian hibernators are on the smaller side. “The average hibernator weighs only 70 grams J says Ruf. That's because little bodies have high surface area to volume ratios（表面积与体积比），making it more difficult for them to stay warm in cold weather so they need the seasonal energy savings more than larger animals.8. How does the author distinguish between hibernation and sleep?A. By highlighting reasons.B. By presenting definitions.C. By introducing arguments.D. By comparing the data.9. “echidnas" in Paragraph 3 is introduced to show.A.animals cool their bodies by 5 to 10 on averageB.tropical hibernators may hibernate to beat the heatC.some species hibernate in response to food shortageD.hibernation is most often seen as a seasonal behavior10. The last paragraph mainly discusses.A.when certain animals hibernateB. what kinds of animals hibernateC.why some animals hibernateD. how animals hibernate11. The passage implies that.A.It is harder for smaller animals to keep warm in winter.B.The cooling of bodies may influence the levels of adenosine.C.Scientists don't agree on the reasons of intermittent hibernation.D.Body functions are still unconsciously performed during hibernation.DCollaboration at work is generally seen as a good thing. The latest survey by the Financial Times of what employers want from MBA graduates found that the ability to work in a team, to work with a wide variety of people and to build, maintain and expand a network of people were three of the top five skills that managers wanted.But managers always have to balance the merits（优点）of teamwork, which help ensure that everyone is working towards the same goal, with the dangers of “groupthink"，when some don't point out the faults of a plan to fit in with others. When people are aware of the views of others, there is a tendency for them to follow, as participants are reluctant to look foolish by deviating from the majority view. The same effect may lead to stock-market bubbles.Modern communication methods mean that collaboration is more frequent. Workers are constantly in touch with each other via e-mail, messaging groups or mobile calls. But does that improve or worsen performance?A new study by Ethan Bernstein, Jesse Shore and David Lazer, three American academics, tried to answer this question. They set a logical problem （devising the shortest route for a travelling salesman visiting various cities）. Three groups were involved: one where subjects acted independently; another where they saw the solutions posted by team members at every stage; and a third where they were kept informed of each other's views only intermittently （间歇地）.The survey found that members of the individualist group reached the best solution more often than the constant collaborators, but had a poorer average result. The intermittent collaborators found the right result as often as the individualists, and got a better average solution.When it comes to idea generation, giving people a bit of space to find a solution seems to be a good idea. Occasional collaboration can be a big help; most people have benefited from a colleague's wise advice to avoid a particular course of action.Close teamwork may be vital in the lower reaches of a group, but at the top, someone has to make a decision. At this stage, intense collaboration may be less helpful. Fashion houses with co-creative directors are rated as less creative by industry experts than brands that were individually led. Co-led teams of Himalayan climbers are more likely to suffer deaths than those with single leaders. Experts think that co-leadership "creates uncertainty over who is really in charge”. The battles between Sandy Weill and John Reed when they were co-chief executives of Citigroup in the late 1990s were infamous. Less than 5% of companies in the Fortune 500 have used a co-CEO structure since 1989. In short, collaboration may be a useful tool, but it doesn't work in every situation.12. What does the underlined word “deviating” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Suffering. B. Differing. C. Varying. D. Ranging.13. In the new study conducted by three American academics,.A.constant collaborators had the poorest average solutionB.all subjects had the chances to visit a variety of citiesC.individualists found the right result the most oftenD.occasional collaboration promoted performance14. From the last paragraph, we can learn that.A.fashion houses were more likely creative with a single authorityB.Himalayas climbers work together to avoid potential deathsC.Sandy Weill and John Reed were not so creative leadersD.successful companies have one Chief Executive Officer15. What is the best title for the passage?A.What is collaboration?B. When does collaboration work?C.Why collaboration is highly valued? D. How to callborate with others in a team? 第二节（共5小题;每小题分，满分分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多 余选项。We are surrounded by messages trying to get our attention. Advertisers, politicians and other groups all try to get us to agree with them. 16. Propaganda is not always a bad thing, but it often hides the truth about a topic. Ifs very similar to advertising, whose goal is to get people to buy something, while propaganda is to change what people believe.Propaganda TechniquesTo create propaganda, a common technique is name-calling. A politician might call someone a traitor or liar, which makes the other person look bad. Another is the trend technique. People want to be on the side in the favor. 17. Some propaganda is based on fear. It scares people into choosing a certain side or taking action, which might not be bad. Anti-smoking campaigns are one example. They may scare people into thinking that if they smoke, they will get cancer.Propaganda is used by many groups, such as businesses, politicians and the government. It is spread through posters, television and radio. The Internet makes it easy to send messages to the whole world.Types of PropagandaPolitical propaganda has been around as long as there have been politicians. 19. People have used it for many years. War propaganda began during World War I, more than 100 years ago.To see if propaganda is saying the truth, people need to do extra work. For example, ads might always sound like they're true. But before you believe them, try to think about who created and paid for them. Find out why they did it. 20.A. Propaganda TargetsB. Propaganda MediumsC. Another word for this is propagandaD. So most people will agree with those politiciansE. Then, yo