2023-2024学年外研版（2019）必修 第二册Unit 6 Earth first Using Language 作业.docx

Unit 6 Earth first Using Language一2023-2024 学年高一英语外研版(2019)必修第二册课时分层练【夯实基础】知识点1形容词的用法1. Laughter is one of the most(infection) expressions of emotion.2. Seeing the(scare) snake, the little boy felt(scare) and burst out crying. 知识点2副词的用法3. No one died, but three of the villagers were(severe) hurt in the flood.4. Years later, he returned to his hometown.(fortunate), his parents had passed away.5. Because of the outbreak of the epidemic, the teaching order of school was (severe) affected, and students had to take the final exam online.【提升能力】6. The(平均的)price of goods rose by just 2.2%.7. Our(小册子)are printed on environmentally-friendly paper.8 .The pollution caused by cars includes(烟雾)and acid rain.9 .More and more people are devoted to(海洋)conservation.10 .Although he was new to the company, the(员工)were very friendly, which made him very relieved.【核心素养】ARecord fires sweeping across the Amazon this month have been catching global headlines as scientists and environmental groups are worried that they will worsenAs the largest rainforest in the world, the Amazon is often called "the lungs of the Earth”. It is also home to about 3 million species of plants and animals, and 1 million local people. The vast lands of rainforest play an important role in the world's ecosystem because they take in heat instead of reflecting it back into the atmosphere. They also store carbon dioxide (二氧化碳)and produce oxygen, making sure that less carbon is given off, mitigatingthe effects of climate change.nAny destruction of forests is a threat to biodiversity and the people who use that biodiversity," Thomas Lovejoy, an ecologist at George Mason University told National Geographic.nThe shocking threat is that a lot of carbon goes into the atmosphere/ he stressed. HFacing the global climate change, we cannot afford more damage to a major source of oxygen and biodiversity. The Amazon must be protected/ the U.N. Secretary General Antonio Guterres said.Data from the National Institute for Space Research （INPE） show that the number of forest fires in Brazil quickly increased by 82 percent from January to August this year. A total of 71,497 forest fires were recorded in the country in the first eight months of 2019, up from 39,194 in the same period in 2018. "It's reported that the forest areas in the Brazilian Amazon have decreased between 20 and 30 percent compared to the last 12 months/1 Carlos Nobre, a researcher at the University of Sao Paulo, told German broadcaster Deutsche Welle.Brazil owns about 60 percent of the Amazon rainforest, whose drop could have severe results for the global climate and rainfall. The size of the area ruined by fires has yet to be determined, but the emergency has transcended （超出）BraziFs border, reaching Peruvian, Paraguayan and Bolivian areas.1. What is the second paragraph mainly talking about?A. The effects of climate change.B. The role of the Amazon rainforest.C. The results of the Amazon rainforest fires.D. The causes of the decreasing biodiversity.2. Which of the following best explains "mitigating" underlined in Paragraph 2?A. Easing.B. Causing.C. Worsening. D. Benefiting.3. What can we learn from Thomas's and Antonio's words?A. The biodiversity makes the rainforest unique.B. The rainforest fires result in serious consequences.C. The global climate crisis brings more rainforest fires.D. The dry weather leads to the rainforest fires.4. Which section of a magazine is this text probably taken from?A. Sports and music.B. Science and technology.C. Nature and geography.D. Business and culture.Saihanba is a green miracle passed on from generation to generation.The Saihanba Forest Farm is the world's largest man-made forest, a 747-square- kilometer barrier（屏 障），over 400 kilometers north of Beijing, planted to save theChinese capital from desertification（the gradual change of habitable land into desert, which is usually caused by climate change or by destructive use of the land）.Today, overlooking the sea of green, it would be hard to imagine that a half century ago, the area was wasteland.The big change began 59 years ago with the effort of a group of foresters and engineers who were determined to turn the area into a forest. In 1962, the Chengde Saihanba Mechanical Forest Farm under the Ministry of Forestry was formally established. Some 369 young people from different parts of the country went all the way north to Saihanba.Food and shelter were in short supply, so the group grew their own potatoes and corn and set up simple shelters and tents, sometimes using only brunches and straw that gave little shelter from the freezing wind.In the beginning, planting trees on the very cold highland was an impossible task due to the high winds. Over 90 percent of the young seedlings planted in the first two years died and the forest farm was nearly shut down. After trying different ways of planting trees, the survival rate of the newly planted young trees topped 90 percent in 1964.Planting trees is not enough. Carefully protecting the woods and managing well the whole forest farm is even harder. That is what later generations will do.During fire prevention periods in spring and autumn, they check the vast expanse of forest every 15 minutes during the day, and once an hour at night.Now as third-generation tree planters in Saihanba, they need to solve even more difficult problems in the never-ending effort of planting more trees. Since there is much less flat land left for planting trees, they have to work on the rocky mountain slopes（斜 坡）where the topsoil is only 10 centimeters thick. But before giving the young trees a home, they need to dig holes about 40 centimeters deep.Three generations' hard work has turned Saihanba from a nascent（新生的）stand of trees into a million acres of forest, from a desert into an oasis.1. How does the author show the difficulty of planting trees in Saihanba?A. By telling stories.B. By showing causes.C. By listing numbers.D. By giving examples.2. What can we learn about the Saihanba Forest Farm according to the passage?A. It was changed by 369 engineers.B. It used to be a 747-square-kilometer farm.C. It provided good living conditions for people there.D. It was turned into the world's largest man-made forest.3. What is the passage mainly about?A. How people created a green miracle.B. Why it was hard to manage the forest well.C. What people did to deal with climate change.D. What measures were taken to protect the capital.答案以及解析【夯实基础】答案以及解析1 .答案：infectious解析：考查形容词。句意：笑是最具感染力的情感表达方式之一。本空修饰名 词expressions,故应用形容词infectious ”有感染力的”。2 .答案：scary; scared解析：句意:看到这条可怕的蛇，小男孩感到很害怕，哇的一声哭了起来。scary表 示"可怕的",形容物;scared表示"害怕的”,形容人。3 .答案：severely解析：考查副词。句意:洪灾中没有人死亡,但村民中有三人严重受伤。修饰谓语动词要用副词，故填severelyo4 .答案：Unfortunately解析：句意：多年后他回到家乡。不幸的是，他的父母已经去世。设空处应填副 词,在句中作状语;父母去世,是件不幸的事,故填Unfortunatelyo5 .答案：severely解析：考查副词。句意:由于疫情的暴发，学校的教学秩序受到严重影响,学生们 不得不在线参加期末考试。本空修饰谓语动词故应用副词severelyo【提升能力】6 .答案：average解析：句意:商品的平均价格仅上涨了 2.2%。7 .答案：brochures解析：句意：我们的宣传手册是用环保纸印刷的。8 .答案：smog解析：句意:汽车造成的污染包括烟雾和酸雨。9 .答案：ocean 解析：句意:越来越多的人致力于海洋保护。10 .答案：staff解析：句意:尽管他初来乍到,公司的员工们对他很友好,这使他感到宽慰。【核心素养】答案：1-4 BABC解析：1 .主旨大意题。根据第二段第一句"As the largest rainforest in the world, the Amazon is often called the lungs of the Earth冒可知，本段主要介绍 了 亚马孙雨 林的重要作用，故选B项。由第二段最后一句可知，亚马孙雨林的存在会减轻 气候变化的影响，但与A项”气候变化的影响”不是同一层面的概念，故不选。C 项”亚马孙雨林火灾的影响”以及D项”生物多样性减少的原因"在第二段均未提 及。2 .词义猜测题。根据画线词所在的第二段最后一句"They also store carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）and produce oxygen, making sure that less carbon is given off, mitigating the effects of climate change.”可推知,画线词 mitigating 意为”减轻”， ease"减轻，缓解"，故选A项。B项"引起，导致"，C项"恶化"和D项”有益于" 均不符合题意。3 .推理判断题。根据第三段中"Any destruction of forests is a threat to biodiversity and the people who use that biodiversity"及"The shocking threat is that a lot of carbon goes into the atmosphere/ he stressed. HFacing the global climate change, we cannot afford more damage to a major source of oxygen and biodiversity. The Amazon must be protected."可推知，热带雨林火灾会造成严重的后果，故选B项。在第三段 Thomas和Antonio的话中均未谈到引起热带雨林火灾的原因，故C、D两项不 选。A项”生物多样性使热带雨林与众不同”在第三段也未提及，故不选。4 .推理判断题。根据第一段可推知，这篇文章极可能取自杂志的自然和地理版 块，故选C项。A项"体育和音乐“，B项”科学和技术"以及D项”商业和文化”均 与文章主题不相关。B答案：1-3 CDA1 .答案：C解析：推理判断题。通过题干中的关键词"the difficulty of planting trees”定位到 第六段和第九段。由第六段第二、三句可知，前两年种植的树苗中90%以上都 死了，林场几乎关闭，尝试了不同的植树方法后，新种植的树苗的成活率超出 了 90%;根据第九段后两句可知他们得在斜坡上种树，斜坡的表层土壤只有十厘 米厚，在种树之前他们还得挖一个四十厘米深的洞。由此可知作者是通过列举 数字来表明在塞罕坝植树的困难的。故选C。2 .答案：D解析：细节理解题。由第二段中的关键信息"The Saihanba Forest Farm is the world's largest man-made forest"可知塞罕坝林场是世界上最大的人工林;结合第三 段"今天，俯瞰绿海，很难想象半个世纪前，这里还是荒地”可知，塞罕坝林场 由荒地变成了世界上最大的人造森林。故选D。3 .答案：A解析：主旨大意题。文章主要内容如下图所示：段落主要内容主旨Paras. 12塞罕坝是一个世代相传 的绿色奇迹，是世界上 最大的人工林。三代人通过努力使塞罕 坝由荒漠变成了绿洲。Paras. 39Para.3:半个世纪前，这 里的绿洲是荒地。Paras.4-6:前辈们克服 困难，植树造林。Paras.79:后辈们艰辛护 林，继续植树造林。Para. 10三代人的努力使荒漠变 成了绿洲。由此可知，A项（人们是如何创造绿色奇迹的）可概括全文。故选Ao