英语知识点总定语从句.ppt

定语从句点击添加标题点击添加标题在复合句中作定语、修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句，叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，通常位于定语从句之前。n.有不好的结局的故事I dont like stories that have unhappy endings.先行词 主语 谓语 宾语 定语从句修饰先行词that是关系词，在定语从句中充当主语。一.关系代词点击添加标题点击添加标题(1)who,whom who在从句中作主语或宾语，whom在从句中作宾语。eg:The girls who/that were badly hurt in the accident are my classmates.He is the man whom/who/that I saw yesterday.一.关系代词点击添加标题点击添加标题(2)whose 谁的 whose用来指人或指物，在从句中作定语（若指物，还可与of which互换）。eg:This is the student whose bike was stolen last week.Please pass me the book whose(of which)cover is green.一.关系代词点击添加标题点击添加标题(3)whichwhich 指物，在句中作主语或宾语。eg:The coat which I put on the desk is black.Here is the pen which you lost yesterday.一.关系代词点击添加标题点击添加标题(4)thatthat 既可指人又可指物，可以代替who,whom和which,在句中作主语或宾语，但不能作介词的宾语。eg:I hate people who/that talk much but do little.The person to whom you just talked is our teacher.宾语 注 意点击添加标题点击添加标题先行词指物时，在下列情况下只能用that引导，不用which引导：1.当先行词是all,little,much,none,everything,anything,nothing等代词时。eg:Is there anything that you dont understand?Tom told his mother all that had happened.注 意点击添加标题点击添加标题2.当先行词前面有the only,the very,the last等修饰时。eg:This is the only book that I can find.3.当序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时。eg:This is the best book that I have ever read.注 意点击添加标题点击添加标题 4.当先行词前有only,all,any,no等词修饰时。eg：I want to read all the books that were written by Lu Xun.5.当主句是以疑问词which开头的特殊疑问句时。eg：Which is the hotel that you like best?二.关系副词点击添加标题点击添加标题(1)when先行词表示时间且在定语从句中作状语。when相当于“介词+which”。先行词 时间eg:I still remember the day when/on which I first came to Beijing.the year in which Ill never forget the day when/on which I joined the league.二.关系副词点击添加标题点击添加标题(2)where 先行词表示地点且在定语从句中作状语。when相当于“介词+which”。eg:Beijing is the place where/in which I was born.This is the factory where/at which my father worked.My father worked at the factory.二.关系副词点击添加标题点击添加标题(3)why先行词表示原因且在定语中充当状语，其先行词只有表示原因的reason一词。eg:Give me the reason why you were late.We dont know the reason why he suddenly fell ill.