湖南省长郡中学2022-2023学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题含解析.docx

长郡中学2023年上学期高一期中考试英语时量：120分钟 满分：150分第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C.£9.15.答案是C。1. How many students visited the Buckingham Palace?A. Twelve. B. Ten. C. Six.2. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In an airplane. B. In a classroom. C. In a kitchen. 3.What is the mans attitude towards the womans advice?A. Ambiguous. B. Supportive. C. Disapproving.4. What does the man dislike about his living place?A. The surroundings. B. The noise. C. The neighbors.5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Whales. B. The weather. C. A sail.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.What does the woman do?A. She does interviews. B. She organizes training.C. She posts job advertisements.7. What do we know about the woman?A. She works in a training school. B. She is doing a stressful job.C. She will receive training.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Why did the woman choose to be a teacher as a profession?A. Because of the pressure from her family.B. Because of a teachers encouragement.C. Because of the passion for the work.9.What does the woman think is the best part of her job?A. Being with children. B. Winning others respect.C. Learning different things.10. What does the woman want her students to be?A. Lifelong learners. B. Creative thinkers. C. Good communicators.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Classmates. B. Husband and wife. C. Teacher and student.12.What does the man think of starting ones own business?A. Interesting. B. Helpful. C. Difficult.13. What do we know about the woman?A. She hasnt decided what to do.B. She will start her own business.C. She prefers living a peaceful life.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Who probably is the woman?A. A student. B.A parent. C.A receptionist.15.When will the part-time course end?A. On July 29th. B. On August 26th. C. On August 29th.16.How much does it cost to take a full-time course and live in a dormitory?A.$1,000. B.$1,160. C.$1,320.17.What does the man think of the price of the dormitory?A. High. B. Low. C. Reasonable.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.When did Hemingway produce his first collection of short stories?A. In 1923. B. In 1929. C. In 1952.19. What is his first novel about?A. His experiences during World War I.B. The time when he worked as a reporter.C. Those gifted but lonely and angry people.20.Why could Hemingway win the Nobel Prize for Literature according to the speaker?A. He wrote many books and stories.B. He wrote it with his own personal experiences.C. He wrote about his childhood.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThe STAR Eco Station is an environmental science museum, a wildlife rescue center, and a shelter for endangered and illegally-traded foreign animals confiscated (没收) by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. It carries out the mission “Preservation through Education” by educating visitors about the preservation of the environment and the inter-dependence of all living things.Field tripsSTAR Eco Station hosts field trips for schools and camps throughout Southern California. Each field trip lasts two hours, consisting of a one-hour gathering and a one-hour tour of the facility, with lessons associated with California State Science Standards.Throughout the field trip, students learn about the latest developments in environmental protection and the ways in which wildlife interacts with various ecosystems. The students also receive an up-close and hands-on experience with our rescued foreign wildlife. The tour includes different environmental exhibits that showcase the ways students can help protect animals in the wild.Field trips are offered on weekdays only, from 10 a.m.-12 p.m. or 12 p.m.-2 p.m. The rate is $6 per visitor, both child and adult, with a $120 minimum. We offer one free adult per 10 children for groups of 40 or more. Maximum capacity is 120 people per field trip.Public toursGuided tours of the STAR Eco Station introduce visitors to over two hundred rescued foreign wildlife. Each tour is led by an Eco Station staff member, and features fun animal facts, hands-on animal encounters, surprising rescue stories, environmental exhibits, and original approaches to going green. Visitors may only see the animals on a guided tour, for both your safety and the safety of our animals.The guided tour lasts approximately 45-60 minutes. Public tours are offered on Saturday and Sunday, from 10 a.m.-4 p.m. (last tour begins at 3 p.m.). Our guided public tours start every hour on the hour. Visitors are served on a first-come, first-served basis. No reservations are required. However, tours may sell out. We suggest larger groups schedule a private tour.Note:Our regular public tours times are subject to change without notice. Please call in advance for the most up-to-date information.1. The STAR Eco Station aims to _ .A help research wildlife abroadB. raise awareness of wildlife protectionC. collect money for animal sheltersD. provide a knowledge of unusual animals2. What can students do during a field trip?A. Make a speech on the environment.B. Take part in foreign wildlife rescue.C. Get to know why species get endangered.D. Learn how living things affect each other.3. For a guided tour, visitors should know that_.A. large groups are served firstB. it is available on weekdaysC. its time could changeD. booking is neededB“Meet me in the conference room with the contracts and a cup of coffee,” my boss barked at me. “Ten minutes. ”I didnt respond. I stood still as if my shoes had been glued to the floor. I had no intention of taking a cup of anything to anyone, supervisor or not.I had seen with my own eyes what such behavior did to a woman. It happened to Mrs. Wilson next door. Old Mr. Wilson couldnt put in his own false teeth without his wifes assistance, let alone make himself lunch. It was a miserable union. I vowed by age eight that I would never live like her. I adopted the motto: Dont help those who wont help themselves.I rushed to the file room and pulled my phone. I explained to my father what had happened and asked his advice on what to do, only to be asked back. He must have forgotten the unwritten rule between us about not answering a question with a question. Fortunately, I came up with an idea that would have the best of both worlds.I took up the files and headed for the coffee pot. I took two cups and made two cups of coffee. Then I walked into the boss office with a cup of coffee in each hand. I handed my boss a cup of coffee and drank at the same time as him.“Lets take a break,” partway through the meeting, my boss stood, saying. “I need more coffee.” I picked up my empty cup. “I do, too,” I said, and handed it to him across the table. “Thanks,” I added, looking at him expectantly. The boss was staggered for a moment, and then took the cup from me.When I finally left my boss office, I hid in the bathroom and called my dad. My fathers laughter on the phone made me feel even prouder.4. Why does the author mention the Wilsons?A. To show how the couple grew old together.B. To picture what she will be like when she ages.C. To stress her opposition to inequality in society.D. To explain her unwillingness to serve the coffee.5. What did the author mean by bringing two cups of coffee to meet the boss?A. She meant to share instead of serving.B. She planned to have the boss serve her later.C. She intended to play a trick on her mean boss.D. She wanted to save the trouble of doing it again.6. What does the underlined word “staggered” mean in the sixth paragraph?A. Annoyed.B. Shocked.C. Confused.D. Excited.7. What can we learn about the author from the text?A. She figured out how to show respect for her superior.B. She found it practical to seek solutions from her father.C. She took a sensible approach to standing up for herself.D. She considered it significant to fight against men bravely.CPlastic-Eating WormsHumans produce more than 300 million tons of plastic every year. Almost half of that winds up in landfills(垃圾填埋场), and up to 12 million tons pollute the oceans. So far there is no effective way to get rid of it, but a new study suggests an answer may lie in the stomachs of some hungry worms.Researchers in Spain and England recently found that the worms of the greater wax moth can break down polyethylene, which accounts for 40% of plastics. The team left 100 wax worms on a commercial polyethylene shopping bag for 12 hours, and the worms consumed and broke down about 92 milligrams, or almost 3% of it. To confirm that the worms chewing alone was not responsible for the polyethylene breakdown, the researchers made some worms into paste(糊状物) and applied it to plastic films. 14 hours later the films had lost 13% of their mass apparently broken down by enzymes (酶) from the worms stomachs. Their findings were published in Current Biology in 2017.Federica Bertocchini, co-author of the study, says the worms ability to break down their everyday food beeswax also allows them to break down plastic. Wax is a complex mixture, but the basic bond in polyethylene, the carbon-carbon bond, is there as well, she explains, The wax worm evolved a method or system to break this bond. Jennifer DeBruyn, a microbiologist at the University of Tennessee, who was not involved in the study, says it is not surprising that such worms can break down polyethylene. But compared with previous studies, she finds the speed of breaking down in this one exciting. The next step, DeBruyn says, will be to identify the cause of the breakdown. Is it an enzyme produced by the worm itself or by its gut microbes(肠道微生物)?Bertocchini agrees and hopes her teams findings might one day help employ the enzyme to break down plastics in landfills. But she expects using the chemical in some kind of industrial process not simply millions of worms thrown on top of the plastic.8. What can we learn about the worms in the study?A. They take plastics as their everyday food.B. They are newly evolved creatures.C. They can consume plastics.D. They wind up in landfills.9. According to Jennifer DeBruyn, the next step of the study is to .A. identify other means of the breakdownB. find out the source of the enzymeC. confirm the research findingsD increase the breakdown speed10 It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the chemical might .A. help to raise wormsB. help make plastic bagsC. be used to clean the oceansD. be produced in factories in future11. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To explain a study method on worms.B. To introduce the diet of a special worm.C. To present a way to break down plastics.D. To propose new means to keep eco-balance.DCatherine Garland, a physics professor, started seeing “the problem” in 2019. Shed laid out the assignment clearly during an engineering course, but student after student was calling her over for help. They were all getting the same error message: The program couldnt find their files.Garland thought it would be an easy fix. She asked each student where they had saved their project. “Could they be on the desktop? Perhaps in the Documents folder?” But over and over, she was met with confusion. “What are you talking about?” multiple students inquired. Gradually, Garland came to the realization: the concept of file folders and directories, essential to previous generations, understanding of computers, is gibberish to many modern students.Garlands mental model is commonly known as “directory structure”, the hierarchical system (层级体系) of folders used to arrange files. What have caused the mental model to change? It is possible that many students spent their high school years storing documents in the cloud storage like OneDrive and Dropbox rather than in physical spaces. It could also have to do with the other apps theyre accustomed to. “When I want to scroll (滚屏) over to Snapchat, Twitter, theyre not in any particular order, but I know exactly where they are,” says Vogel, who is a devoted iPhone user. Some of it boils down to muscle memory.It may also be that in an age where every user interface includes a search function, young people have never needed folders or directories. The first internet search engines were used around 1990, but features like Windows Search are products of the early 2000s. While many of todays professors grew up without search functions, todays students increasingly dont remember a world without them.Some may blame the generational incompetence. An international study claimed that only 2 percent of Generation Z (born from 1997 onwards) had achieved the “digital native” level of computer literacy. But the issue is likely not that modern students are learning fewer digital skills but rather that theyre learning different ones. Garland, for all her knowledge of directory structure, doesnt understand Instagram nearly as well as her students do. “They use computers one way, and we use computers another way,” Garland emphasizes. “Thats where the problem lies.”12. The word “gibberish” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to_.A. commonB. accessibleC. nonsenseD. fundamental13. What can be concluded from paragraph 3 and 4?A. There is no search function in the directory structure.B. College professors have weaker muscles than students do.C. Modern students like to store documents in physical drives.D. The change in mental models reflects the progress in technology.14. By mentioning Garlands and Vogels stories, the author_.A. highlights the different mindsets of two generationsB. criticizes modern students overuse of online appsC. shows the difficulty of teaching todays studentsD. calls on a change in the education of physics15. According to the passage, what can best address “the problem” mentioned at the beginning and the ending?A. Teaching students directory structure.B. Improving generational understanding.C. Enhancing Generation Zs digital skills.D. Urging teachers to learn search functions.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中