湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2024年高二上学期期中考试英语试题(含解析）.docx

雅礼教育集团2024上学期期中考试试卷高二英语时量：120分钟 分值：150分第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Where is the new supermarket?A. Next to the bank.B. Near the cinema.C. Beside the theater.2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the woman decide to do?A. Come back another time.B. Buy other flowers instead.C. Go to another shop.3. 此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】How will the boy go to the museum?A. By foot.B. By underground.C. By bike.4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Why does the woman refuse to see another movie?A. She has to go out.B. She needs to work now.C. She wants to rest.5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】When will the company bus pass by?A. At 8:30.B. At 8:45.C. At 9:00.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6. What is the woman doing?A. Doing a survey.B. Calculating the bill.C. Serving the food.7. How would the man like his steak next time?A. Medium rare.B. Medium well.C. Well done.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8. What type of music does the man like?A. Jazz.B. Rap.C. Rock.9. What does the woman do?A. A song writer.B. A telephone operator.C. A radio hostess.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10. Why does the girl feel unhappy at first?A. She doesnt have a proper dress.B. She hasnt got invited to the dance.C. She doesnt know how to dance.11. Whats the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Teacher and student.B. Father and daughter.C. Friends.12. What season is it now?A. Spring.B. Summer.C. Winter.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a restaurant.B. In the mans house.C. In a supermarket.14. Why does the man want to eat energy bars only?A. To lose weight.B. To save money.C. To build muscles.15. What does the woman think of the ads?A. Theyre lying.B. Theyre convincing.C. Theyre confusing.16. What is the woman like?A. Grateful.B. Smart.C. Careless.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17. What are the highest temperatures in Northern India now?A. About 35. B. Almost 40. C. Over 45.18. How many Indian people died in 2016 due to heat-related illnesses?A. About 200.B. About 1,000.C. About 2,000.19. What will be done under extremely high temperatures?A. Government projects will be done at night.B. Bottles of water will be sold at low prices.C. School days will be reduced.20. What will the weather be like late this month in India?A. Cooler.B. All the same.C. Hotter.第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共11小题；每小题2.5分，满分27.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选项涂黑。 AThe bride is 97. The groom is 98. The couple has been married for 77 years, and thanks to some very special people, they were finally treated to some very special wedding memories they missed out on all those years ago.The Kings are just like family to the staff of the St. Croix Hospice who serve as caretakers for the elderly pair in their Oelwein, Idaho home. With a big anniversary coming up, their caregivers wanted to do something special to celebrate the occasion and knowing something of the couples history, they came up with a perfect plan.When Frankie and Royce King took their vows(誓言)on September 16, 1944, the world was a very different place. The simple church ceremony was small and short. Rather than a lace gown (蕾丝长裙), Frankie wore a suit. There was no photographer on hand to record the vows.While Frankie and Royces wedding lacked splendor(壮观), their life together has more than made up for it. Two kids, four grandkids, and several great-grandkids later, the Kings marriage is still going strong.On their anniversary, as one staff member played Big-Band era tunes on his saxophone and another took photos, Frankie, dressed in a lovely1940s-era wedding gown, was led through a flower-covered archway to where Royce was waiting for her. By the time the big wedding cake was served, there wasnt a dry eye in the house.Photographer Hilary Michelson said, “I work for St. Croix Hospice full-time while doing photography in my spare time. I am passionate about both of my jobs and it made my heart so incredibly full to see them embracing each other.”The Kings daughter, Sue Bilodeau, is now putting together a photo album of cherished memories for them. “It was definitely one of the most special things ever,” she said. “When Mom mentioned she didnt have time to plan a big wedding and didnt have a photographer, the St. Croix staff members worked together to make sure they could get their special day.”21. What did the staff of the St. Croix Hospice decide to do for the Kings?A. Help them recall their wedding memories.B. Take good care of them as family members.C Write something about the couple's history.D. Celebrate their wedding anniversary like a real wedding.22. What was the Kings wedding ceremony in 1944 like?A. It seemed to be the perfect plan.B. It was simple and held in a small church.C. It was followed by the couples long separation.D. It had only one photographer to record their vows.23. What was everyones response when the wedding cake was served?A. They were all in tears.B. They applauded loudly.C. They were busy taking pictures of the couple.D. They stopped doing everything and watched.BThe slim, bushy-tailed Sierra Nevada red fox will be listed as an endangered species, federal wildlife officials announced last month. They said its population has decreased to just 40 animals in the area of California from Lake Tahoe to the south of Yosemite National Park.The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service decided against listing a distinct population of the foxes in the southern Cascade Range of Oregon and near Lassen Peak in Northern California, however. “While the exact number remains unknown and is also subject to change with new births and deaths, it is well below the standard population levels.” It provided no exact number of red foxes remaining in the Cascade Range.As one of the rarest mammals (哺乳动物) in North America, the red foxes in the Sierra already are in danger due to threats of wildfire, drought, competition from coyotes (郊狼) reductions in food and inbreeding (近亲繁殖) with non-native foxes. Additional future threats include climate change, continuing loss of snow fields and of the general habitat to which the Sierra Nevada population has adapted. This will likely lead to increased numbers of coyotes in high-altitude areas and to increased competition between coyotes and Sierra Nevada foxes for food, the service said.The Sierra Nevada red fox has declined sharply because of poisoning and trapping, habitat destruction and disturbance from off-road vehicles and snowmobiles, said Jeff Miller, a senior conservation officer for the center. He said the animals face the same threats in the Cascade Mountains to Mount Hood, Oregon. “This is an important step, but the Fish and Wildlife Service should also protect these endangered animals in the Cascades,” he said.The Fish and Wildlife Service noted it is not proposing designating critical habitat for the species at this time, however, because habitat “does not appear to be a limiting factor for the species.”The agency estimates the 18 to 39 animals remaining in the Sierra can be found south of California State Highway 88 from just south of Lake Tahoe into the easternmost area of Yosemite Park in Tuolumne and Madera counties.24. What can be inferred from the first two paragraphs?A. The exact number of red foxes in California is still unknown.B. The red foxes in Yosemite National Park arent endangered now.C. The number of all endangered red foxes in the Cascade Range is certain.D. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service hasnt listed the foxes in Oregon as endangered.25. What are the main reasons for the population of this red fox to decrease so greatly? a. Illegal hunting. b. The activities of humans. c. The attacks from coyotes. d. Damage to their habitat.A. abcB. abdC. bcdD. acd26. What does the underlined word “designating” in the fifth paragraph probably mean?A. Taking up.B. Seeking out.C. Breaking up.D. Marking out.27. What is the text mainly about?A. An introduction to the Sierra Nevada red fox.B. The significance of saving endangered red foxes.C. The decision to list red foxes as endangered animals.D. An analysis of the change in the number of red foxes.CThe amount of sunlight that Earth reflects back into space has decreased significantly in recent years. Whether the decline is a short-term phenomenon or yet another bad sign for Earth's climate still has to be proved, scientists suggest.Our planet, on average, typically reflects about 30 percent of the sunlight that shines on it. But new research strengthens previous studies suggesting that Earths ability to reflect light back has been declining in recent years, says Philip Goode, a scientist at Big Bear Solar Observatory in California. From 1998 to 2017, Earths reflectance declined by about 0.5 percent, the team reported in Geophysical Research Letters.Using ground-based instruments at Big Bear, Goode and his colleagues measured earthshinethe light that our planet reflects to the Moon and then back to Earthfrom 1998 to 2017 Because earthshine is most easily measured when the Moon is a slim crescent(新月)and the weather is clear, the team collected a mere 801 data points during those 20 years, Goode and his colleagues report.Much of the decrease in reflectance occurred during the last three years of the two-decade period the team studied, Goode says. Previous analyses of satellite data, he and his colleagues note, suggest that the drop in reflectance came from warmer temperatures along the Pacific coasts of North and South America, which in turn reduced low-altitude cloud cover and exposed the underlying, much darker and less reflective seas.“Whether or not this is a long-term trend is yet to be seen,” says Edward Schwieterman, a scientist at the University of California, Riverside. “This strengthens the argument for collecting more data,” he says.Decreased cloudiness over the eastern Pacific isnt the only thing cutting Earths reflectance, says Shiv Priyam Raghuraman, a scientist at Princeton University. Many studies point to a long-term decline in sea ice (especially in the Arctic), ice on land, and tiny pollutants called aerosols(气溶胶)all of which reflect sunlight back into space to cool Earth.With ice cover declining, Earth is absorbing more radiation. The extra radiation absorbed by Earth in recent decades goes toward warming the oceans and melting more ice, which can contribute to even more warming, says Schwieterman.Altogether, Goode and his colleagues estimate, the decline in Earths reflectance from 1998 to 2017 means that each square meter of our planets surface is absorbing, on average, an extra 0.5 watts of energy. For comparison, the researchers note in their study, planet-warming greenhouse gases and other human activity over the same period increased energy input to Earths surface by an estimated 0.6 watts of energy per square meter. That means the decline in Earths reflectance has, over that 20-year period, almost doubled the warming effect our planet experienced.28. What has happened to the sunshine that shines on the Earth according to the study?A. It has been declining in recent years.B. It has been absorbed much less by the Earth.C. Its ability to come into the atmosphere has declined.D. It has been reflected much less back into space by Earth.29. What do warmer temperatures contribute to?A. Darker seas and oceans.B. More reflection of sunshine.C. More radiation released by Earth.D. Less cloud coverage low in the sky.30. What isnt mentioned in the text that can cool Earth?A. Ice on land.B. Ice in the Arctic.C. Tropical trees.D. Aerosol pollutants.31. What is the main idea of the text?A. Earth is losing more ice.B. Earth is becoming warmer.C. Earth is reflecting less light.D. Earth is taking in more energy.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。How much time do you spend doing research before you make a decision? There are people who go over every detail exhaustively before making a choice. _32_Psychologists call this way of thinking a cognitive bias (认知偏见), a tendency toward a specific mental mistake.To study “jumping”, we examined decision-making patterns among more than 600 people from the general population. We found that jumpers made more errors than non-jumpers on problems that require thoughtful analysis. _33_ In a quiz about US citizens, they overestimated the chance that their answers were right significantly more than other participants did even when their answers were wrong.So what is behind “jumping”? Psychological researchers commonly distinguish between two pathways of thought: automatic system, which reflects ideas that come to the mind easily and without effort, and controlled system including conscious and effortful reasoning. Jumpers and non-jumpers are equally influenced by automatic thoughts. _34_It is the controlled system that helps people counter balance mental biases introduced by the automatic system. As a result, jumpers were more likely to accept the conclusion made at first sight without further questioning. A lack of controlled thinking is also more broadly connected to their problematic beliefs and faulty reasoning._35_ A method called cognitive training can be used to target their biases, which can help people think more deliberatively. In this training, participants are faced with their own biases. They can learn about the missteps and other ways of thinking through the problem at hand. It helps to gradually get rid of participants overconfidence.In everyday life, the question of whether we should think things through or instead jump to a conclusion is a frequent and important one. _36_ Sometimes the most important decision we make can be to take some more time before making a choice.A. Happily, there may be some hope for jumpers.B. Also, jumpers had problems with overconfidence.C. We plan to trace other problems introduced by jumping.D. But a fair number of individuals are quick to jump to conclusions.E. It is certainly possible for them to overthink things to take a decision.F. The jumpers, however, did not engage in controlled reasoning to the same degree as non-jumpers.G. Recent studies show that even gathering just a little bit more evidence may help us avoid a major mistake.第三部分 英语知识运用(共三节，满分40分)第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Some people live to climb the highes