湖南省湖南师范大学附属中学2022-2023年高一上学期期中考试英语试题含解析.docx

附中2022-2023年高一第一学期期中考试英语第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50 分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AAre you looking for some club suitable for you in the senior high school？Here are some introductions of popular clubs. Speech Club Do you enjoy talking？Do you think you can be a future lawyer？Try out for the schools speech team. Not only will you meet people and make new friends, youll also get to practice public speaking, a valuable, important tool that you will use at every stage of your life. By researching, talking about, and debating hot-button political, social, cultural, and environment topics, you will also become more aware and up-to-date on current events. Band ClubAre you in a band in junior high？If so, you probably remember always hanging around with your musical buddies(同伴). If you havent joined one of these three high school clubs yet, you should！The beauty of these three classes is that theyre not merely fine arts electives(选修的), theyre also clubs！Most high school bands give performances, and even go on trips to Disneyland. Not sure？Did I mention that studies show that students with music education tend to receive higher grades？You read it right. Red Cross Club If you are interested in the medical field or planning to take a combined M.D. program, perhaps you should consider joining your schools American Red Cross Club. As part of the high school club working with the local Red Cross chapter, you can become a lifeguard, learn how to perform CPR, or become a trained instructor who teaches others. Language Clubs Are you a native Spanish, French, or German speaker？Or maybe you just really like the foreign language class！Either way, you should consider joining your schools language clubs and lean a new language during your past time. Spanish, French and German clubs put on several charity and cultural events through-out the academic(学术)year. You could be helping others in need, and making new friends all at the same time！1. Which club suits you best if you dream of becoming a lawyer？A. Speech Club.B. Band Club.C. Red Cross Club.D. Language Clubs.2. What is special about Band Club？A It improves students grades.B. It helps students to make friends.C. It enables students to be lifeguards.D. It makes students speaking ability better.3. What do Red Cross Club and Language Clubs have in common？A. They both can give you a trip to Disneyland.B. They make you a man of many gifts and languages.C. They enable you to give a hand to people in need.D. They can help you to be a person with first aid knowledge.BWhen I was in middle school, I met my English literature teacher, who was new to teaching. She was only 22 but she always did her best to make learning fun. She would give us a personalized mini notebook for every students birthday. I had this simple small notebook. She had filled the first couple pages telling me how much she loved having me as a student, how far she knew I would go, and other affirmations. It seemed small but for a 13-year-old child who had a hard home life, it made all the difference. In my junior year of high school, in one English class, we were discussing a story when one student called Carl made a point. The teacher was dismissive(不以为然的)and said Carl was wrong. The next day, the teacher said he was wrong to dismiss what Carl said so quickly. “Lets take a look at that again.” After the discussion, it became clear that Carls point was indeed unreasonable, but I was impressed the teacher publicly owned his mistake and did what he should. When I was in grade one, my mother gave me one really awful haircut. On the first day back at school, the kids picked on me horribly, so I ran out and hid. The headmaster found me and took me back. He asked me to wait outside for a minute while he talked to the class. The next day, we had an assembly (展会) with the entire school and he walked up on the stage with his head shaved completely bald and criticized the bad-mannered behavior. Twenty years later, I ran into him at the local college. I thought he didnt remember me, but he said my name and the event. The man was and is a hero in my eyes.4. What does the underlined word “affirmations” in Paragraph 1 mean?A. Instructions.B. Suggestions.C. Encouragements.D. Descriptions.5. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?A. Carl read a new story to the class before discussion.B. I was impressed by the teachers teaching method.C The English teacher made an immediate apology to Carl in class.D. Carls point wasnt paid much attention by the teacher at first.6. Which of the following best describes the headmaster?A. Loyal and brave.B. Patient and organized.C. Funny and strict.D. Kind and respectable.7. Where can you probably read this passage?A. Life column.B. Science fiction.C. Fashion magazine.D. Entertainment newspaper.CIf youre planning to go on a diet, or if you suffer from serious conditions like diabetes. Knowing exactly what and how much youre eating is essential. In this day and age, we have calorie and nutrition calculators even on our smartphones, but they act only as guides, whereas a famous companys revolutionary new device, CaloRieco, actually analyzes the food on your plate and provides accurate information in just a few seconds.Youve probably used caloric calculators before, and you know that they only offer general information. For example, a calculator will tell you the average number of calories in a hamburger. but it cant tell you exactly how many calories are in the hamburger. The same goes for nutrients like protein or fat. And this is what makes the new CaloRieco so special.The spokesman for the company said that its outstanding invention is aimed at dieters and diabetes sufferers, both of whom make up a sizable market. Displayed at a recent tech show, CaloRieco is a high-tech device that uses light reflection technology to determine the nutritional values of almost any food and also provide accurate calorie estimates. All you have to do is put your plate in the box-shaped device and wait between 10 and 20 seconds for it to analyze all the food.Once its done analyzing the various ingredients in your meal, CaloRieco shows the number of calories, as well as the nutritional content on an LED display. According to the company the device is able to recognize the vast majority of foods, except soups and very dark dishes.CaloRieco can also connect to your smartphone via an app, and send all the data about analyzed foods to your handheld device, so you can access it whenever you need.Unfortunately, youll have to wait a bit longer to get your hands on your very own CaloRieco, as the device presented at the show is just a prototype(样机) which needs to be improved. Its expected to be a hit in the next few years, but the price remains a mystery.8. What is the advantage of CaloRieco?A. It uses light reflection technologyB. It offers general information of food.C. It is a high-tech device working as a guide.D. It can present the exact calorie of analyzed food.9. According to the text, CaloRicco _.A. needs a long time to analyze the food.B. can show the food data on the smartphone directlyC. can count the calories of all foods on your plate.D. may be well received among dieters and diabetes sufferers10. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to?A. The smartphone.B. The appC. The data.D. The food.11. What can we infer about CaloRieco from the last paragraph?A. Its perfect.B. Its promising.C. Its costly.D. Its available.DHave you ever noticed there is some difference between city trees and forest trees? A new study finds city trees grow faster but die younger than trees in rural forestry.As we all know, the earth would be freezing or burning hot without carbon dioxide. However, carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas, meaning it traps energy from the sun as heat. That makes temperatures near the ground rise. Human activities, especially the widespread burning of fossil fuels, have been sending extra greenhouse gases in to the air. This has led to a rise in average temperatures across the globe.Studies had shown forests readily absorb carbon dioxide, but there hadnt been much data on whether city trees grow, die and absorb carbon dioxide at the same rate as forest trees do. So some researchers decided to find out.To figure out how quicky trees were growing, researchers tracked their diameters (the width of their trunks) between 2005 and 2014. A trees diameter increases as it grows, just as a persons waist size increases as they gain weight. The research has shown about half the weight of a tree is carbon, while most of the rest is water. Over the nine years tracking, the researchers found city trees absorbed four times as much carbon dioxide from the air as forest trees. However, they were twice as likely to die. So over the lifetime of each type of tree, forest trees actually absorbed more carbon dioxide.City trees grew faster because they have less competition for light from their neighbors. In a forest, trees tend to grow close together, shading their neighbors. Street trees also benefit from higher levels of nitrogen (氮) in rainwater. Nitrogen helps plants grow. Waste gases from gas-burning cars also contain nitrogen, thus enriching city air with nitrogen. Later, rainwater may wash much of it to the ground. Some street trees may also have better access to water than trees in the country because the underground water pipes can leak.12 What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?A. The greenhouse gas does harm to the earth.B. Carbon dioxide plays apart in keeping the earths temperature.C. Carbon dioxide can heat the earth.D. Only human act iii es make the temperature rise.13. What information can a tree diameter tell?A. How a tree is transplanted.B. How long a tree is.C. How old a tree is.D. How much water a tree contains.14. How do city trees differ from forest trees of the same type over the lifetime in the research?A They could live twice longer than forest trees.B. They took in less carbon dioxide than forest trees.C. They could absorb more carbon dioxide than forest trees.D. They weighted heavier than forest trees.15. What advantage do city trees have?A. They have no competition.B. They grow closer together.C. They get more nutrition like nitrogen.D. They have better access to rainwater.第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Whether you are struggling with work, stress or badly images with body confidence, feeling constantly unhappy is an incredible, tiring state of mind. But there are simple ways to introduce a more positive mindset, according to a treatment expert, Richard Nicholls._16_Keeping a personal diary is a great way of helping to gain a better view on things. Research has even shown it has similar benefits to asking professional advice from psychological doctors. But it needs to be done properly. Writing a journal isnt about losing yourself in self-pity. _17_Learn “thought stopping”Putting a “stop thought” in the middle of negative and positive thoughts will help focus your attention and give you more control over what your mind is doing. Next time you have an negative thought, shout very loudly in your head “STOP” for at least three seconds. _18_Then replace the negative thought with the exact opposite.Try mindful meditation._19_The key is not to put pressure on yourself and give up if you cant meditate(冥想) for longer than 5 minutes. Stick with it, even if you are only getting in a few seconds at a time and your mind begins to wander. Persistence means youll progress from seconds to minutes with last mind-wandering in between.Put yourself first.If you are constantly putting everyone else before yourself it can lead to low self-respect and deep unhappiness. _20_, as you start placing value on yourself and put your own needs in the first place. Its difficult, but the only way youll get through it is practise, and you also see nobody hates you for politely but firmly shaking your head.A. Seek professional adviceB. Write in a diaryC. Learning to say no can fight against thisD. Write about an event that made you feel unhappy that dayE. Imagine something that represents a stop, such as a red lightF. Mindfulness is about learning to relax and be at peace with your thoughtsG. Its a tool to help you see optional ways of thinking, feeling and behaving.第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。During my junior time, I was sensitive about what others thought of me. Then I grow uncommonly taller than others, which made me feel _21_. To keep the focus off my unusual _22_, I went along with those who would play jokes on other _23_ at school, which gave me a way to make sure that the _24_ were directed at others and not at me.My parents didnt always assume that my behavior was _25_. They reminded me about the golden _26_: To treat others as I would like to be treated. Once in a while, I was punished for the _27_ way I was treating others.During the lectures I got from my father, he _28_ told me to be the leader that I was meant to be-to be a big man in my heart and actions. I had to _29_ myself whether or not it was important to be the kind of leader and person my father _30_ I was inside. I knew in my heart that he was _31_. So I _32_ no efforts to follow his advice.Once I _33_ being the best that I could be at basketball and became a leader in the game, I took my _34_ to set a good example more seriously. I can make a difference because of my fathers advice. I now _35_ it with you, “Be a leader, not a follower.”21. A. awkwardB. curiousC. attractiveD. frightened22. A. sizeB. heightC. weightD. sight23. A. youthsB. strangersC. adultsD. kids24. A. argumentsB. tricksC. questionsD. attitudes25. A. uniqueB. regularC. funnyD. strange26. A. ruleB. viewC. directionD. requirement27. A. admirableB. challengingC. hurtfulD. boring28. A. originallyB. casuallyC. repeatedlyD. immediately29. A. remindB. questionC. improveD. prove30. A. imaginedB. doubtedC. arguedD. believed31. A. amazingB. professionalC. generousD. right32. A. acquiredB. sparedC. adoptedD. skipped33. A. focused onB. backed downC. counted onD. contributed to34. A. riskB. judgementC. responsibilityD. performance35. A. compareB. appreciateC. explainD. share第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)A阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个或括号内单词的适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式。A recent survey has found that many people suffer from sleep problems. One the reasons _36_ people fail to get a good nights sleep is pressure from school or work. In the short term, people with sleep prob