湖南省长沙市长郡中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末英语考试试题含解析.docx

长郡中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语(时量:120分钟 满分:150分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上 的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选 出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小 题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:How much is the shirt?A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.答案是C。1. What is the boy doing now?A. Studying. B. Playing ball. C. Taking a test.2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Shop assistant and customer.B. Father and daughter.C. Mother and son.3. How does the man get to the bus stop?A. On foot. B. By car. C. By subway.4. What is the woman doing?A. Looking for things. B. Paying the bill. C. Giving back the key.5. Why cant the computer get charged?A. The wire is broken. B. The plug is useless. C. The power is cut off. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Sea animals. B. Plastic pollution. C. A blood disease.7. What does the man suggest doing?A. Launching a campaign.B. Making canned food.C. Taking part in an activity.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. What is the man going to do next week?A. Go on a trip. B. Visit some friends. C. Buy a suitcase.9. Why does the man like traveling by air?A. He likes drawing on the plane.B. He can enjoy the beautiful sky.C. He thinks its fast.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. What is the man doing?A. Making a call.B. Driving a car.C. Describing a car accident.11. What do we know about the female passenger?A. Shes the mans wife.B. She was hit by a car.C. She needs medical care.12. What does the man ask about at the end of the conversation?A. What to do. B. Where to park. C. When to arrive.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13 Who are the speakers?A. Teacher and student.B. Senior high school students.C. College students.14. What makes the girl feel a bit anxious about her graduation?A. The credit. B. The loan. C. The teacher.15. What did the girl do in her school?A. She joined a summer camp.B. She took part-time jobs.C. She failed to receive a scholarship.16. What is the girl going to do?A. Take a class. B. Have a meal. C. Discuss the school life.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. Who is probably the speaker?A. A hostess. B. A tour guide. C. A reporter.18. Which place will stay wet in the next two days?A. Northern Britain.B. Northwestern Scotland.C. Central Britain.19. What will the weather be like in Ireland on Saturday morning?A. Rainy. B. Windy. C. Sunny.20. How might people in England feel on Sunday night?A. Hot. B. Dry. C. Cold.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWales is home to some of the UK's most beautiful drives.Narrow lanes criss-cross the land. meaning travel can be slow-but there's no need to rush.The Coastal WayThis route(路线)covers the entire length of Cardigan Bay, and spoils travelers with its remote beaches and charming seaside towns.Comb the sand for fossils,shells at Aberdaron Beach,and then hit the road,heading cast toward Porthmadog. Here you can hop on a heritage steam train, a relic of the region's mining history,to give Snowdonia's skyline your undivided attention.The Cambrian WayThe Cambrian Way, which cuts north to south through the heart of Wales, is a fantastic place, thanks to its patchwork fields, dense forests and rolling, sheep-dotted hills.The route becomes increasingly wild and rough as it weaves north into Powys. Spend the night in Rhayader, and you'll need plenty of energy for hiking or mountain biking along the trails.The North Wales WaySpanning Wales' short but scenic north coast, this route offers road trippers a chance to encounter Welsh history, language and culture in a splendid setting.Head west through the uncrowded Clwydian Hills until you reach Ruthin, a little town brimming with history,where you can see its restored castle, century-spanning museum and Victorian Ruthin Gaol. Border CountryTracing the dotted line that separates England and Wales on a map,this border-hugging route will take you to some of Wales' most underrated sites slowly, if you stick to the narrow back roads.Starting in the border town of Chepstow in Southeast Wales,make your way northward.You can top to admire the roofless ruins of Tintern Abbey and lesser known castes Skenfrith and Grosmont1. Which route best suits people who enjoy mountain scenery?A. The Coastal Way.B. The Cambrian Way.C. The North Wales WayD. Border Country.2. What is special about The North Wales Way?A. It enables travelers to visit a castle.B. It is an area of scenic beauty.C. It offers a glimpse into Welsh culture.D. It is a crowd-free escape from big cities.3. What is the purpose of the article?A. To introduce road trips in Wales.B To introduce the Welsh landscape.C. To tell about Wales' history.D. To advertise Wales 'tourism industry.BA 293-million-mile journey of the NASA Perseverance rover (探测器)to Mars ended successfully on February 18th, 2021, with a picture-perfect landing inside the Jezero Crater. The car-sized, six-wheeled rover, nicknamed Percy, is the US space agencys biggest and most advanced explorer to date. Its primary mission is to search for signs of ancient microbial(微生物的)life on Mars.Landing on Mars is extremely tricky. The Red Planets gravitational(引力的) pull causes approaching spacecraft to go faster to high speeds, while its thin atmospherejust one percent that of Earthsdoes little to help slow it down as it approaches the surface.The scientists had to reduce Percys 12,000 mph speed to a safe landing speed of less than five mphin just six and a half minutes. The target entry angle also had to be a precise 12 degreesany steeper, and the spacecraft would burn up; any flatter, and it would get lost in space. It is no wonder that the final approach is often referred to as the “seven minutes of terror”.Upon attaining a manageable speed, Percy briefly flew over the Martian surface to seek out the perfect landing spot. Its complex map-reading system rapidly scanned the area and matched it with maps in its database to find the best location.The NASA scientists will spend the next two months testing Percys scientific instruments. Once ready, the rover will begin to carry out its mission.“Perseverance is the smartest robot ever made, but confirming that microbial life once existed carries an unusually large burden of proof,” said Lori Glaze, director of NASAs Planetary Science Division.“ While well learn a lot with the great instruments we have aboard the rover, it may very well require the far more well-equipped laboratories and delicate instruments back here on Earth to tell us whether our samples(样本)carry evidence that Mars once harbored life.”4. What is the extraordinary challenge for the rover to land on Mars?A. The speed reduction.B. The atmosphere analysis.C. The location search.D. The time management.5. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?A. Ways to find the precise entry angle.B. Consequences of wrong entry degree.C. Factors to survive “the seven minutes”.D. Reasons for the necessity of speed reducing.6. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refer to?A. The space.B. The area.C. The system.D. The surface.7. What can be inferred from Lori Glazes words?A. Instruments aboard the rover are not quite reliable.B. Perseverance is able to collect enough evidence needed.C. Man still has a long way to go to prove there was life on Mars.D. Samples of Mars will be returned soon to the labs on the Earth.CElon Musk isnt content with electric cars, shooting people into orbit and populating Mars. He also wants to get inside your brain.His goal is to develop devices that can provide treatment to neural (神经的) diseases and that may one day be powerful enough to put humanity on an equal footing with possible future super intelligent computers.Not that its anywhere close to that yet.In a video Friday obviously aimed at seeking new employees, Musk showed off the second version of the Neuralink, a device about the size of a large coin. Its designed to be put in a persons head. An earlier version of the device has to be placed behind an ear like a huge hearing aid.But the young company is far from having a commercial product, which would involve complex human trials and governmental approval. Fridays video showed three pigs. One, named Gertrude, had a Neuralink device in its brain.Musk, a founder of both the electric car company Tesla Motors and the space-exploration firm SpaceX, has always been worried about that smarter AI machines will outwit humans. His solution? Link our brains to computers so we can keep up with or even win over them in intelligence!Musk urged coders (程序员), engineers and especially people who have actually created a product to apply. “You dont need to have brain experience,” he said, adding that this is something that can be learned on the job.Connecting a brain up directly to electronics is not new. Doctors have already put similar devices in brains to treat such conditions as Parkinsons disease. In 2016, researchers reported that a man regained some movement in his own hand with a similar brain implant. But Musks proposal goes beyond this. Neuralink wants to build on those existing medical treatments and work on devices that could link our brains to computers one day.8. What can we learn about the first version of the Neuralink?A. It is smaller than a hearing aid.B. It can be put in a persons head.C. It has to be placed behind the ear.D. It is already available at the market.9. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “outwit” in paragraph 6?A. copyB. defeatC. understandD. destroy10. What kind of candidates does Elon Musk particularly want?A Someone who also wants to create the same device.B. Doctors who already know how to treat brain diseases.C. People who have already designed some unique products.D. Engineers who are good at linking brains to computers.11. Where is this text likely from?A. An advertisement.B. A test report.C. A science fiction novel.D. A news report.DOn the “healthy” section of any breakfast menu, youre bound to spot an egg white omelet (煎蛋卷). With no fat and just a quarter of the calories in a whole egg, the whites look like the best choice at first glance. Not so fast, though new research shows a good reason why you might want to keep the yolk (蛋黄) in if you want to get fit. Plus, forget the bad impression that the cholesterol (胆固醇) in yolks has gotten in the past. The USDA removed limits on dietary cholesterol in its most recent dietary guidelines. Its all because evidence doesnt back up claims that the cholesterol you eat has much influence on blood cholesterol levels. In a recent study, researchers had ten young men eat either whole eggs or egg whites after completing a strength-training workout. Both egg choices contained 18 grams of protein, and the eggs were developed with chemical markers. Thanks to them, the researchers tracked how the mens bodies used amino acids (氨基酸) from the eggs and egg whites, and found some surprising results. About 65 to 70 percent of amino acids were available in the blood for both the whole egg and egg white groups suggesting theyd be equally useful in building muscles. But the rest of the results didnt back up that conclusion. When the researchers looked specifically at how much protein synthesis the process that helps muscles repair and grow occurred, one form of egg clearly did better than the other. “Having whole eggs immediately after exercise resulted in greater protein synthesis than just having egg whites,” says lead study author Nicholas Burd in a statement. Although this study was too small I to be conclusive, its conclusion backs up whole egg benefits that nutritionists have been praising for years. From their point of view egg whites are high-protein, low-calorie, but the yolk contains nearly all of an eggs vitamins. And one study found that adults who eat whole eggs in the morning lose more weight and body fat than those who get the same number of calories from a bread-based breakfast. While no large studies have looked into the weight-loss benefits of whole eggs vs egg whites, theres also no evidence that the 140 calories in two whole large eggs should scare you away. Crack on, egg lovers.12. Whats implied in Paragraph 1?A. The whites can help people have a good shape.B The yolks function is different from the whites.C. People tend to consider the yolk to be unhealthy.D. The yolk has much to do with blood cholesterol levels.13. Why were the eggs developed with chemical markers?A. To help process the proteins better.B. To make them healthier for people.C. To track the amino acids during digestion.D. To help the body consume amino acids.14. The findings of the recent study mainly show that_.A. amino acids are easy to get in eggsB. eating the whole egg helps build musclesC. the yolk of the egg is better than the whiteD. eggs can produce more proteins than any other kinds of food_.15. What would be the best title for the text?A. Egg Whites VS Whole EggsB. Egg White Omelets or Just the YolkC. The Correct Way to Build MusclesD. Unknown Facts about Egg White Omelets第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12. 5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两 项为多余选项。Do you always get angry about something? Do you always take things too personally? Do you find yourself thinking people are laughing at you in public places? _16_ If you are sensitive about something, you are easily worried and angry when people talk about it. _17_ Actually, sensitive people can appreciate food, the sound of music, the different colors of nature, or even traffic. They can also notice small differences in meaning, making them more emotionally(感情上地) intelligent and more creative. However, it can also be a terrible burden(负担) if left uncared for. _18_ So you should do something to stop being too sensitive. For example, recognize those people who often leave you feeling tired in life and avoid them. Instead, surround yourself with people who will make you feel bright and happy. If you constantly feel negative about yourself, youll struggle with being sensitive. _19_ Another important thing to do is forgive those who have wronged you. Often sensitive people arent good at letting things go. _20_ This is unhealthy as itll keep you from enjoying both the present and the future. Take the lesson; leave the pain. In a word, though being sensitive is certainly a challenge, you can deal with it correctly by taking proper efforts.A. Why are some people sensitive?B. Being a bit se