高中英语2025届高考语法复习非谓语动词知识讲解练习.doc

高考英语语法复习非谓语动词讲解练习一、现在分词（一）作用1.作表语：The book is interesting, and it attracts many readers.2.作定语：单个分词作定语时放在所修饰词前分词短语作定语时放在所修饰词后There are many falling leaves on the ground.The boy sitting behind me is my little brother.3.作宾语补语:用在感官动词和使役动词see, hear, lood, feel, notice, observe, find, watch, let, have, get, catch, leave, keep等后面。Do you hear someone calling for help?I could feel her heart beating with fear.4.作状语现在分词作状语表示时间、原因、结果、伴随等。Walking in the street, I came across an old friend.When (I was) walking in the street, I came across an old friend.It rained heavily in the south, causing serious flooding in several provinces.区分：When he was walking in the street, I saw him.（二）否定形式   Not knowing what to do, I turned to my teacher for help.（三）时态   现在分词的一般式doingWorking hard, you will succeed.努力学习，你就会成功。与句中主语为逻辑上的主动关系，与句中谓语动词动作同时发生，或基本上同时发生。现在分词的完成式having doneHaving finished his homework , he went out to play basketball.完成了家庭作业，他出去打篮球了。与句中主语为逻辑上的主动关系，先于谓语动词动作发生（四）被动语态   Having been laughed at for his mistakes, the boy felt embarrassed.因为他的错误被嘲笑，这个男孩感到尴尬。与句中主语为逻辑上的被动关系，且先于谓语动词动作发生二、过去分词（一）作用   1.作表语：Boys and girls,  please remain seated.2.作定语:单个分词作定语时放在所修饰词前分词短语作定语时放在所修饰词后There are many fallen leaves on the ground.Tsinghua University, founded in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.3.作宾语补语：She had her luggage checked an hour before her plane left.用在感官动词和使役动词see, hear, lood, feel, notice, observe, find, watch, let, have, get, catch, leave, keep等后面。I heard the windows beaten by the rain drops.She had her bike repaired yesterday.4.作状语：过去分词作状语表示时间、原因、伴随等。Given enough time, we are sure to do it better.Encouraged by the teachers, the students made more efforts in study.【注意】系表结构的过去分词作状语，表示句子主语所处的一种状态。不表被动关系，常见的有：be dressed in(穿着)、be tired of(厌烦了)、be seated(坐着的)、be devoted(专注的)、be lost/absorbed in(沉溺于)、be born in(出身于)、be associated with(与有关)等。Absorbed in his book, he didnt notice me enter the room.Dressed in red, she is easily recognized.（二）否定形式   Not allowed to go in, he had to wait outside the gate.三、填空练习1.The building _ (build) now will be our library.2._(struggle) with depression for years, she now understands the importance of being healthy.3._(give) a push, an object will move forward and do work.4.The famous author is said_ (donate) nearly 2 million yuan of all of his book's royalty(版税) income over the past ten years.5._ (absorb) in the games on the smartphone during class,he did not notice his teacher behind him.6.A man, _ (sentence) 18 years ago, was found not guilty, which amazed many people.7.Square dancing, _ (see) as a way to relax and exercise by some people, has brought about lots of arguments.8. “Hope for the best and prepare for the worst” is a proverb, _ (mean) life is beautiful and full of frustrations as well.9._ (scold )many times, the boy is depressed.10.The building _ (build ) next month will be our library.四、高考真题练习1.(2024年新高考全国I卷) These sepals open on warm days         (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.In cold weather, the structure stays           (close) to protect the plants.2.(2024年新高考全国II卷)Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion，        (inspire) by The Peony Pavilion，was built at the Firs Garden, just 10 minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace.3.(2024年新高考全国II卷)Those stable cultural legacies have brought Stratford international visibility said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Shakespeare Birthplace garden were often intrigued         (find) the connection between those two literary giants.4.(2023年全国甲卷) “There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins,       (borrow) some familiar wor.ds from many age-old fables.5.(2023年新高考全国卷) To eat one, you have to decide whether       (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.6.(2023年全国甲卷) For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言)          (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom7.(2022新高考I卷）        (cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.8.(2022新高考I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority       (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.9.(2022新高考II卷）When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred meters, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the _ (fall) child.10.(2022年全国乙卷）        (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media,            (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.11.（2021新高考I卷）But thats how nature is always leaving us         （astonish）.12.（2021新高考II卷）I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage,           (think)it is food.13.（2021新高考II卷）I decided to do something        (educate) people about this problem.【答案】三1.being built2.Having struggled3.Given4.to have donated   5.absorbed6.sentenced7.seen   8.meaning9.having been scolded10.to be built【答案】四1.to give2.closed3.inspired4.to find5.borrowing6.to bite7.To teach8.covering9.to increase10.falling11.to strengthen ; inviting12.astonished13.thinking14.to educate4