19+大国崛起-++2023年中考英语时事热点话题题型专练[38301449](1).docx

19 大国崛起2023年中考英语时事热点话题题型专练一、阅读理解A篇When you walk on the street, you may see a lot of Chinese restaurants. Chinese food has been enjoyed in western countries for a long time. To make westerners enjoy Chinese food better, Chinese restaurants have made some changes to the dishes. “One example is the meat,” said Yin Hang, who is studying at the University of Wollongong in Australia. “We like to eat meat with the bone （骨头） in China, but people here dont. Chinese restaurants provide big pieces of meat without bones.”Some Chinese brands are also becoming more popular. In many cities in Europe, stores sell TCL televisions, Haier fridges and Lenovo computers, reported Reuters（路透社）. In the past, most western people thought Chinese products were cheap and unreliable. But things have changed greatly. “Made in China” has become cool and more people trust Chinese brands.1What do Chinese restaurants do to make westerners enjoy Chinese food better?ACut the prices.BProvide a clean environment.CChange the dishes.2According to Reuters, stores sell _ in many cities in Europe.AAustralian brandsBChinese brandsCEuropean brands3What does the underlined word “unreliable” mean?A不可靠B不漂亮C不光滑4What is the passage about?AChinese food and products become more popular all over the world.BChinese like to eat meat without bones.CWestern people thought Chinese products were cheap.【短文大意】本文从食物，中国品牌入手，介绍如今中国制造的产品在国外越来越受欢迎。【答案解析】1细节理解题。根据“To make westerners enjoy Chinese food better, Chinese restaurants have made some changes to the dishes”可知，为了让西方人更好地享受中餐，中餐馆对菜肴做了一些改变，故选C。2细节理解题。根据“In many cities in Europe, stores sell TCL televisions, Haier fridges and Lenovo computers, reported Reuters”可知，在欧洲的许多城市，都有售卖中国品牌的产品，故选B。3词义猜测题。根据“In the past, most western people thought Chinese products were cheap and unreliable”可知，此处应是过去西方人民对中国产品不好的评价，结合“Made in China” has become cool and more people trust Chinese brands”可知，如今更多的人相信中国品牌，说明之前认为中国品牌不可靠，故选A。4主旨大意题。本文从食物，中国品牌入手，介绍如今中国制造的产品在国外越来越受欢迎，故选A。B篇Chinas unbelievable high-speed rail networkAt the beginning of the 21st century China had no high-speed railways. Slow, crowded and often uncomfortable trains ran across this vast country, with low average speeds making journeys such as Shanghai-Beijing a test of travel.Today, its a completely different picture. With 37,900 kilometers of lines, linking all of its major big cities. China has the worlds largest work of high-speed railways. Half of that total has been completed in the last five years alone, with a further 3,700 kilometers due to open in the coming months of 2021. The network is expected to double in length again, to 70,000 kilometers, by 2035.5How were the trains in China at the beginning of the 21st century?AFast.BComfortable.CCrowded.6How many kilometers of lines are due to open in the coming months of 2021?A3,700.B37,900.C70,000.【短文大意】文章通过今昔对比介绍了中国高铁的发展。【答案解析】5细节理解题。根据“At the beginning of the 21st century China had no high-speed railways. Slow, crowded and often uncomfortable trains ran across this vast country.”可知，21世纪初，中国的铁路是缓慢、拥挤，而且常常让人不舒服的，故选C。6细节理解题。根据“with a further 3,700 kilometers due to open in the coming months of 2021.”可知，在2021年的未来几个月里，有3,700公里的线路将要开通，故选A。C篇Founded in 1987 in Shenzhen, Huawei is a leading provider of information and communications technology(ICT) around the world. With more than 195,000 workers, the company runs in more than 170 countries and areas, serving more than three billion people. As we all know, there are two operating systems(操作系统) used in smartphones, Android OS and iOS. For a very long time, most of the smartphones have been depending on Android OS, including Huaweis smartphones. Now things are changing. Huawei has been creating its own operating systemHarmonyOS or Hongmeng in Chinese. Hongmeng is a word from the Chinese mythology(神话), symbolizing(象征) the world before HarmonyOS was created. So it means starting from the very beginning. First known to the public in 2019, HarmonyOS is an operating system for different devices(设备). It has already been used in Huawei watches, laptops and so on over the years. In December 2020, a beta version(测试版) of HarmonyOS for smartphones came out. Half a year later in June 2021, Huawei launched its selfdeveloped HarmonyOS for smartphones. Chinese tech lovers have long been looking forward to the operating system developed by ourselves. Industries including tourism, education, home devices and sports have also welcomed HarmonyOS. At present, Huawei encourages people to test the system. The company expects the number of devices using HarmonyOS to reach 300 million by the end of the year. Its hoped that HarmonyOS will be a great mobile ecosystem. 7What can we learn from the first paragraph?AHuawei has a history of 45 years. BThere are 170,000 workers in Huawei. CHuawei was started in the capital city of China. DOver three billion people are using Huawei products. 8What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to(指的是)?AThe world. BiOS. CAndroid OS. DHarmonyOS. 9Paragraph 3 mainly talks about _. Athe development of HarmonyOSBthe efforts made by the companyCthe difficulty in developing the systemDthe reasons for developing the system10Whats the best title of the passage?AThe History of Huawei. BHuawei and Its HarmonyOS. CHarmonyOS for Smartphones. DDifferent Kinds of Operating Systems. 【短文大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了华为公司自主研发的鸿蒙系统。【答案解析】7细节理解题。根据“With more than 195,000 workers, the company runs in more than 170 countries and areas, serving more than three billion people.”可知，华为公司拥有19.5万多名员工，业务遍及170多个国家和地区，为30多亿人提供服务。故选D。8推理判断题。根据“Hongmeng is a word from the Chinese mythology(神话), symbolizing(象征) the world before HarmonyOS was created. So it means starting from the very beginning.”可知，鸿蒙是中国神话中的一个词，象征着鸿蒙系统创建之前的世界，所以这意味着从头开始。此处it指的是“鸿蒙系统”。故选D。9段落大意题。短文大意第三段内容可知，本段介绍了鸿蒙系统的发展，故选A。10最佳标题题。短文大意文章内容可知，本文主要介绍华为公司自主研发的鸿蒙系统。故选B。D篇Science and technology help people a lot. Check out how fast China is developing.Driverless (无人驾驶) helpersYou can see different kinds of driverless cars at the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics. For example, when you feel tired, you can have a rest in a driverless minibus. When you feel hungry, you can buy food from a “driverless car store”. Another kind of driverless car can even send things to you just like a postman. They help to make the Games a bigger success.Space classesOn March 23, 2022, three Chinese astronauts gave their second lecture (课程) from Tiangong space station. They did several experiments (实验). They also showed some tools to study science. The three astronauts gave their first lecture last December. Millions of students watched them and learned many fantastic science facts.3D photosThis May, a middle school in Beijing used 3D­printing technology to print graduation photos (毕业照) for Grade 9 students. Students can touch the “faces” of their classmates. This technology can also help blind students “see” their classmates.11How many kinds of driverless care does the writer mention (提及)?AOne.BTwo.CThree.DFour.12When was the second space lecture given by the three Chinese astronauts?ALast December.BThis May.CThis February.DOn March 23, 2022.13Which is true according to the passage?AThe driverless cars can not send things like a postman.BChinas science and technology are developing very fast.CAll students watched the lectures from Tiangong space station.DBlind students cant “see” their classmates with the help of 3D ­printing photos.14Where is the passage probably from?AA newspaper.BA storybook.CA grammar book.DA medical magazine.【短文大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了中国在科学技术方面取得的三大进展，包括无人驾驶助手、太空课堂和3D照片。【答案解析】11细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知有休息用的无人驾驶小巴士、购物用的无人驾驶汽车商店、可以送东西的无人驾驶汽车三种。故选C。12细节理解题。根据“On March 23, 2022, three Chinese astronauts gave their second lecture(课程) from Tiangong space station. ”可知2022年3月23日，三名中国航天员在天宫空间站进行了第二次课程。故选D。13细节理解题。根据“Science and technology help people a lot. Check out how fast China is developing.”可知中国在科学技术方面发展很快。故选B。14推理判断题。根据文章整体内容可知，本文主要介绍了中国在科学技术方面取得的三大进展，包括无人驾驶助手、太空课堂和3D照片，可推知文章节选自报纸。故选A。F篇Data Set to Move Out WestThe China International Big Data Industry Expo 2022(大数据工业博览会) was held online in Guiyang on May 26. More than 100 famous companies from China, Germany, Japan and other countries attended the expo on “cloud”.You may have heard a lot about word “cloud”. The name might make you think that its just like real clouds. But in fact, it is not the clouds in the sky but the “cloud” that saves your photos, emails, movies, music and so on.The “cloud” is made of millions of hard drives(硬盘), computer servers and underground cables(电缆). When you open a website online, you are actually asking a server to give you data. And the data may transmit thousands of kilometers from a data center to your computer, through underground cables.Where are these data centers? In China, most are now in big cities like Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. They take up lots of land and energy. Recently, China has made plans to build 10 data center groups in right areas. Many are in western and northern parts of China like Gansu and Guizhou. There is more land in these areas. They also have more green energy, like wind and solar energy. This can make the datacenters more environmentally friendly.Building data centers can help the development of these areas. Nowadays, big data has become a key industry in Guizhou.15What is the “cloud” in the passage used for?ASaving data.BTaking photos.CChanging the weather.DOpening a website.16Which can take the place of the underlined word “transmit” in Paragraph 3?Abe copiedBbe receivedCtravelDrecord17The data center is built in Guizhou because_.Apeople in Guizhou are friendlyBthere is more land and green energyCthe environment here is well protectedDGuizhou is very beautiful and colorful18What can we know about data centers according to the passage?AThey dont need a lot of energy.BThere are only 10 data centers in ChinaCMost of them are in the south of China.DData centers can help cities to develop.19What is the passage mainly about?A西气东输B南水北调C西电东送D东数西算【短文大意】本文主要介绍了2022中国国际大数据工业博览会。【答案解析】15细节理解题。根据“But in fact, it is not the clouds in the sky but the “cloud” that saves your photos, emails, movies, music and so on.”可知，文章中提到的“云”是用来保存照片、电子邮件、电影、音乐等的。故选A。16词句猜测题。根据“from a data center to your computer”以及结合选项可知，数据会通过地下电缆从数据中心传输到你的计算机。所以划线词“transmit”与C选项travel“传播，传送”意思相近。故选C。17细节理解题。根据“Many are in western and northern parts of China like Gansu and Guizhou. There is more land in these areas. They also have more green energy, like wind and solar energy.”可知，数据中心建在贵州是因为有更多的土地和绿色能源。故选B。18推理判断题。根据“Building data centers can help the development of these areas. Nowadays, big data has become a key industry in Guizhou.（如今，大数据已成为贵州的关键产业）”可推知，建立数据中心可以帮助城市发展。故选D。19主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了2022中国国际大数据工业博览会，和数据相关，D选项“东数西算”符合。故选D。G篇The Fuxing train has started running in southwest Chinas Tibet along the LhasaNyingchi Railway(拉萨林芝铁路).The 435-kilometer railway links Lhasa and Nyingchi. It is Chinas first electrified(电气化的) railroad on the “Roof of the World”. It shortens the journey between Lhasa and Nyingchi from over five hours to about 3.5 hours.The new railway covers an area of 226,000 square kilometers. It goes through 47 tunnels (隧道) and crosses 121 bridges. The train has a top speed of 160 kilometers per hour. It is the fastest train on the high land, but its a bit slower than some other Fuxing trains in our country because of the special environment. The railway not only makes local peoples life easier, but also brings more tourists to the area.“The railway trip is so relaxing and fast. The new train has brought our family members closer than ever before,” said a teacher who lives in Nyingchi. She used to drive more than five hours from Nyingchi to Lhasa to visit her parents during the summer vacation.Besides carrying passengers, the railway also provides good chances for farmers to sell local products to more places. Its sure to put new energy into Tibets economic(经济的) development.20How many hours does the journey take between Lhasa and Nyingchi by Fuxing train?AAbout 5 hours.BAbout 4 hours.CAbout 3.5 hours.DAbout 1.5 hours.21Whats the top speed of Fuxing train from Lhasa to Nyingchi?A160 kilometers per hour.B121 kilometers per hour.C47 kilometers per hour.D160 meters per hour.22What does the underlined word “shortens” mean in Chinese?A克扣B下降C缩短D缺少23Whats special about the LhasaNyingchi Railway?AIt covers a large area.BIt can carry passengers.CThe train goes through lots of tunnels and bridges.DIts Chinas first electrified railway on the “Roof of the World”.24What can we learn from the passage?AThe railway trip is not relaxing or fast.BThe railway does not bring more tourists to the area.CThe train goes through 121 tunnels and 47 bridges.DIts a bit slower than some other Fuxing trains in our country.【短文大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍拉萨林芝铁路的相关信息。【答案解析】20细节理解题。根据“It shortens the journey between Lhasa and Nyingchi from over five hours to about 3.5 hours.”可知，它将拉萨和林芝之间的路程从5个多小时缩短到约3.5小时。所以是3.5小时，故选C。21细节理解题。根据“The train has a top speed of 160 kilometers per hour.”可知，这列火车的最高时速为160公里。故选A。22词句猜测题。短文大意“It shortens the journey between Lhasa and Nyingchi from over five hours to about 3.5 hours.”可知，它将拉萨和林芝之间的路程从5个多小时缩短到约3.5小时。所以shortens的意思是“缩短”，故选C。23细节理解题。根据“It is Chinas first electrified(电气化的) railroad on the Roof of the World.”可知，它是中国第一条在“世界屋脊”上的电气化铁路。故选D。24细节理解题。根据“It is the fastest train on the high land, but its a bit slower than some other Fuxing trains in our country because of the special environment.”可知，它是高原上最快的火车，但由于特殊的环境，它比我们国家的一些其他复兴列车要慢一些。故选D。H篇After 16 years, the Chinese womens soccer team once again lifted the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) Womens Asian Cup.On Feb 6, 2022, China beat South Korea 3-2 to get their ninth Asian championship (冠军).The last time they won was in 2006. Then the team went through a “low time”.This time, the team showed a fighting spirit. In the first half, China was losing 0-2. But they didnt stop trying and scored three goals (进球) to take the lead and win.“We encouraged each other, and none of us ever thought about giving up. Im so proud of us.” said team captain Wang Shanshan.“This championship is a new start for the Chinese womens soccer team. Through it, we showed the world our strength,” she added.Chinas national womens soccer team is going great. But they get less salaries (工资) and attention than the mens team. In fact, almost every college in China has a mens soccer team. But womens soccer teams are