英语7下-Unit 1-2021-2022学年七年级英语下册知识点精讲精练（牛津译林版） .docx

译林七年级下Unit 1 知识点精讲精练1. Would you like to live in a palace? would like to do sth. 想要做某事 = want to do sth. 问句：Would you like .? 肯定回答：Yes, Id like to./ Yes, Id love to. 否定回答：No, thanks. / No, thank you.【例题】Id like _(come) to the party with you.( )Would you like some coffee?A.Yes, I like.B.Yes, Id like.C.No, thank you.答案：to come；C2. in town 在镇上（town前不加定冠词the）【拓展】in hospital 住院；in bed 在床上；in history 在历史上；in space 在太空3. favourite (n.) 最喜欢的人或物；(adj.) 最喜欢的 favourite = like . best【例句】My favourite subject is English. = I like English best.【例题】What colour do you like best ? （同义句转换）Whats _ _ _?My favourite animal is panda.（同义句转换）I _ _ _.答案：your favourite colour；like panda best4. complete a questionnaire 完成调查问卷 complete (v.) 完成；结束【例题】我们必须在一周之内完成这项任务。_答案：We must complete this task in a week.5. countries and capitals国家和首都 country (n.) 国家；乡下capital (n.) 首都；资金；大写字母 (adj.) 大写的【例题】Tokyo is the _ of Japan.北京是中国的首都。_答案：capital；Beijing is the capital of China.6. 常见的国家、某国人的表达方法国家人China 中国Chinese 中国人Japan 日本Japanese 日本人the USA/America 美国American 美国人the UK/ Britain 英国British/Englishman 英国人Germany 德国German 德国人Italy 意大利Italian 意大利人Canada 加拿大Canadian 加拿大人Russia 俄罗斯Russian 俄罗斯人France 法国Frenchman 法国人7. I see. 我知道了；我明白了。= I get/got it.8. around the world = all over the world = the whole world 全世界9. I live in a town 15 miles from London.我住在离伦敦15英里远的一个镇上。【结构】“基数词 + mile(s) + from + 地点”表示“离某地英里远”【例题】我学校离我家10英里远。_答案：My school is ten miles from my home.10. family (n.) 家人；家庭【辨析】作为“家人”，一般用复数；作为“家庭”，一般用单数。【例句】My family is big. 我们是个大家庭。My family usually watch TV after dinner. 我们一家人通常在晚饭后看电视。【例题】The big family _(enjoy) the moon at Mid-Autumn Festival.答案：enjoy11. have fun 玩得开心 【同义短语】have a good time = have a great time = enjoy oneself【重点】have fun/ a good time/ a great time + doing sth.12. centre (n.) 中心【短语】in the centre of . 在的中心【辨析】centre表示在的中心，多指正中心；middle表示在中间，一般指两边距离相等的中间。【例题】The park is in the _ of the city.You shouldnt walk in the _ of the street. 答案：centre；middle13. share sth. with sb. 和某人分享某物【例句】他不得不和他的哥哥共用一个房间。_她很乐于和她的朋友分享一切。_答案：He has to share a room with his brother.She is willing to share everything with her friends.14. in bed 躺在床上【短语】be ill in bed卧病在床【辨析】in bed 指躺在床上（盖着被子）；on the bed 指人在床上（未睡着、未躺下）或者物品放在床上。【例题】Tom is still _. He may be ill.A.in bedB.in the bedC.on bedD.on the bed答案：A15. own (adj.) 自己的 【短语】ones own + sth.某人自己的某物on ones own某人单独地of ones own属于某人自己的【拓展】owner (n.) 拥有者；所有者【例句】I have my own bedroom.我有自己的卧室。The little boy can go out on his own. 这个小男孩可以独自出门。【例题】这个戴眼镜的男人拥有一幢属于他自己的房子。_He_(own) a big company in London. He is the_(own) of a restaurant in New York.答案：The man with glasses has a house of his own.owns；owner16. look out at . 往外看【拓展】look our of .朝外看look out小心；注意look for寻找look around环顾四周look up 向上看；查阅look over检查look after照顾 look like看起来像【例题】根据句意，填入合适的短语Can you _ my pet when I go out ?If you dont know the new word, you can _ in the dictionary.Dont _ the window in class!You must _ for the cars and buses on the road.I am _ my keys, but I cant find it.答案：look after；look up；look out of；look out；looking for17. the best place to do sth. 做某事的最好的地方【例题】在春天，苏州是旅游的最佳去处。_答案：In Spring, Suzhou is the best place to visit/travel.18. Your house is really different from the flats here in our town. 你的房子和我们城镇里的公寓真的很不一样。different (adj.) 不同的difference (n.) 不同之处【短语】be different from 和不同反义：be the same as 和相同【例题】Our classroom is different from _(他们).There are some _(different) between our stories.答案：theirs；differences19. be full of = be filled with 充满full (adj.) 满的；饱的反义词：empty (adj.) 空的 / hungry (adj.) 饿的【例句】The garden is full of flowers.花园里开满了花。20. video (n.) 录像复数：videos【以o结尾，无生命，复数直接加s】photos, radios, videos【以o结尾，有生命，复数加es】heroes, tomatoes, potatoesknife (n.) 小刀复数：knives【以f/fe结尾，复数去f/fe变为ves】wife(妻子)；wolf(狼)；shelf(架子)；thief(小偷)；leaf(树叶)；life（生命）21. some day将来有一天指将来one day 某一天 指过去，也可指将来the other day 前几天 常用于一般过去时22. Can you ask him to call me back?你能让他给我回电话吗？【短语】ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人去做某事 【重点】ask sb. not to do sth.叫某人不要去做某事【拓展】ask (sb.) for sth. (向某人)要某物【短语】call sb. back给某人回电话【拓展】call off取消call on拜访；号召【例题】The teacher asked her students _(not talk) in class.Please let him _ (call) me back soon.Why not _ the meeting tonight? (根据上文，填入合适的短语)答案：not to talk；call；call off23. family name/ last name姓given name/first name 名24. more than enough足够多可以单独使用，也可以加名词25. I would like to invite my friends to watch films with me at the weekend. 在周末，我想邀请朋友来看电影。invite (v.) 邀请【短语】invite sb. to do sth邀请某人去做某事invite sb. to someplace邀请某人去某地【拓展】invitation (n.) 邀请 【短语】an invitation letter一封邀请函【例题】你想邀请谁去参加你的生日派对？_他没有邀请我和他一起去游泳。_答案：Who do you want to invite to your birthday party?He didnt invite me to go swimming with him.26. stay here待在这儿【拓展】stay up熬夜stay with sb. 和某人待在一起stay out待在外面stay at home待在家里语法【基数词和序数词】一、基数词1. 112单独记忆：one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve；2. 13-19以teen结尾：thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen；【特别注意thirteen, fifteen, eighteen的正确拼写】3. 20-90中的“整十”都以ty结尾：twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety；【特别注意twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, eighty, ninety的正确拼写】4. 20-99中的“几十几”先说“几十”，再说“几”，中间加连词符“-”，例如：26 twenty-six, 49 forty-nine；5. 101-999之间的非整百的基数词读法为：百位数和十位数（或个位数）之间用and连接，例如：201 two hundred and one, 351 three hundred and fifty-one；6. 四位数或者四位数以上的基数词的表达方法：从右往左每三位加一个逗号，第一个逗号读作thousand(千)，第二个逗号读作million(百万)，第三个逗号读作billion(十亿)，例如： 两千三百四十五 2,345 two thousand ,three hundred and forty-five三百六十五万 3,650,000 three million, six hundred and fifty thousand二、 序数词1. 第一到第三，需要单独记忆：first, second, third；2. 第四到第十九，大多数在相应的基数词加th：fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth等；【特别注意fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth的正确拼写】3. 20-90中“第几十”的序数词由相应的基数词去掉y加 ieth构成：twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth, fiftieth, sixtieth, seventieth, eightieth, ninetieth；【特别常考的为第二十 twentieth】4. 21-99中的“第几十几”的序数词，前面的十位数用基数词，后面的个位用序数词，中间用连词符连接，例如：twenty-first, thirty-eighth, forty-ninth；5. 容易混淆、需要着重记忆的两组序数词为：fourth, fourteenth, fortieth/ ninth, nineteenth, ninetieth