2023年洞口县考研《英语一》统考试题含解析.docx

2. B3. A4. C6、1. especially2. experiences3. . agreement4. is5. , When6. to chat7. spending8. to9. are talking10. it7、1. to write2. probably3. their4. Though / Although / While5. . fought6. sorts7. why8. a9. truth10. is calledSection III Translation8、1. B2. D3. G4. E5. C9、1. C2. G3. F4. A5. E11 > A. communicationB. expectationC. hope D. laughter12> A. missedB. tookC. skippedD. left13、A. trustingB. thankingC. praisingD. praying14、A. refreshedB. questionedC. beatD. hit15、A. lifestyleB. timeC. worldD. occupation16> A. loveB. enjoyC. ownD. have17> A. left aloneB. left behindC , moved awayD. ran away18、A. watchB. appreciateC. plantD. cook19、A. handsomeB. youngC - matureD. grown20> A. picnicB . saladC. lifeD. purposeSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1If anyone knows what makes a great children's book, it must be Sussex author and illustrator(插图家)Jane Hissey. Her nOld Bear" books have achieved classic status in a variety of formats.I caught up with Jane at her home in the East Sussex countryside and asked her what she thinks is the secret of a classic children's book. nThat*s a difficult one. I suppose it*s got to be relevant to the child's stage of development-for young children, pictures on a page that are familiar, for older children, an experience. The book should be familiar, but hold some surprises too to keep the interest. It must inspire and delight, but there are the things that happen every day.”After the birth of her first child, she gave up teaching and worked on her own artwork, drawing pictures of teddy bears. An editor from a publishing company saw her work and invited Jane to do a children's book. Over the years, from the first nOld Bear" book in 1988, her children have made a huge contribution-not least in terms of plot. She said, nI used to give my children the toys to play withand they had tea parties and so on. One of my bear characters, "Little Bear”, is the same age as Ralph, my youngest, who's seven now. All the children have joined in my work and, in years to come, they will realize how much.'1“I hope Ill know when people are getting tired of the characters. If ever they did, I think I'd go on drawing them for fun,” Jane continued, "My own children have been very useful to me in my work, but as they are older now, I'll just have to hope that other people's children can inspire me. ”1 > What is Jane's opinion about a successful children's book?A. It contains something unexpected.B. It offers an escape from everyday life.C. It's attractive as children get older.D. Its set in a place known to its readers.2、Why did Jane take up book writing?A. She got to know an editor.B Her husband encouraged her to try.C. Her artwork attracted professional.D. She wrote stories for her own children.3、How did Jane's children assist her in her work?A. By helping her concentrate on her work.B. By telling her how they found her stories.C. By suggesting characters for her stories.D. By giving her ideas for her stories.4、What is Jane's attitude towards her future work?A. Encouraged. B. Uncertain. C. Tired. D. Unfit.Text 2A new algorithm（演算法）raises parking rates in busy neighborhoods and lowers them elsewhere, guaranteeing free parking spots regardless of location, Christopher Intagliata reports.If you drive in a city, you've no doubt experienced the headache of circling block after block, cruising for parking.But scientists who study that phenomenon have a solution to free up more spots:"You make them more expensive, so people have to decide whether to park farther away and Pay less, or closer and pay more."Itzhak Benenson, a system scientist at Tel Aviv University.San Francisco has piloted a program that raises parking rates based on demand-and it's been shown to reduce cruising.But the sensors required for those systems can cost millions of dollars to install and operate, Benenson says.So instead, writing in IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine, he and his colleague Nir Fulman describe an algorithm that can determine smart pricing, without the use of sensors.They tested it on the Israeli city of Bat Yam, near Tel Aviv.First, they divide the city into zones.They estimate the parking demand in each zone, by calculating the number of apartments and offices there.Then they take account of parking supply in the area, along with how wealthy potential parkers might be.Using that data, the algorithm suggested pricing for each zone that would guarantee a 90-percent occupancy rate of parking spots city-wide.Meaning 10 percent of spots were always available to drivers willing to pay the price, regardless of neighborhood.Of course, not everyone will agree that raising parking prices will reduce the press of parking.Last time Benenson proposed hiking rates for city residents?"! got about 100 reactions on the web and 99 of them that said they have never heard such a stupid statement from the professors, and I should be punished and fired.”Eventually, he says, it'll be up to cities themselves to estimate their residents apolitical appetites for an easier parking spot. 1、What does the underlined word"themin paragraph 1 refer to?A. Parking spots. B. Parking rates.C. Busy neighborhoods. D. New algorithms.2、How does the new algorithm work?A. Adopting different parking rates.B. Counting the apartments and offices.C. Making farther parking spots more expensive.D. Setting the price of parking spots with sensors.3、Which is the process of carrying out the smart pricing?Choosing a target city.©Counting the parking demand.©Dividing the city into zones.©Suggesting pricing for each zone.©Considering the parking supply.A.B.C.D.4、What will the public think of Benenson smart pricing?A. Supporting. B. Disapproving. C. Optimistic. D. Controversial.Text 3Oil is essential for modern life. About 64 percent of the world's oil is located in the Middle East, but the heaviest consumers of oil are Europe, America, and Japan. The problem lies in getting the oil from the countries that produce it to the countries that consume it. This is mainly done using oil tankers. Usually the oil is shipped safely and with no problems, but occasionally there is a disaster.Every year millions of tons of oil are spilled into the ocean. Although this is only a small percentage of the total amount shipped around the world each year, this spilled oil can have terrible effects on ocean life, including the coastlines where the oil washes up onto shore.One of the worst oil spills in history occurred along the Alaskan coastline in 1989, when the Exxon Valdez tanker got stuck off the coast of Alaska, spilling 42 million liters of oil. Although it wasn't the largest oil spill, the disaster was terrible because it occurred in such a sensitive natural area. In this spill, the tanker's captain, who was tired from overwork and drinking alcohol, had gone to take a rest. He gave control of the ship to another sailor, who was unfamiliar with the route. The ship ran onto Bligh Reef. Damaged by the reef, the ship leaked oil out into the ocean. More than 1,600 kilometers of coastline were affected by the oil spill. Many birds and otters died as a result of the oil covering their skin, and many other sea creatures and the animals that fed on them were also severely affected.1 > Which country is NOT among the largest consumers of oil?A. Japan B. IraqC. America D. Germany2、What does the underlined “them” reffer to?A. The birds. B. The otters.C. The sea creatures. D. The birds and the otters.3、Which of the following statement is true?A. The oil leak of Alaska is because the captain was unfamiliar with the route.B. Many birds and otters died from eating the spilled oil.C. Alaska spill was the most serious spill of all time.D. Although some oil leak is not serious, it will affect ocean life.Text 4We have some friends who seem as if they understand and appreciate you, but really they might not. A girl named Nevaeh was about to find a friend that she thought understood her, but she actually didn't.When Nevaeh was in kindergarten she didn't have friends. Every time she wanted to make some they would just walk away. That happened until she went to the third grade when a girl named Brooke said hello to her.Nevaeh, a shy girl, didn't answer. Since Nevaeh had no friends to talk to, her mouth would close up. After knowing Nevaeh was shy and needed friends, Brooke wouldn!t leave Nevaeh s side and always talked to her. Nevaeh started talking more and was less shy. Once Brooke took her to her friends. There were only three girls, Karla, Mariana, and Isela, but Nevaeh was fine with it. At least she had friends.They got along very well and had a few things in common. When they were finally in middle schooL Brooke and Nevaeh became best friends, but as they got older, they changed. When Nevaeh changed the way she looked and acted, Brooke didn*t like it. Brooke startled to judge her, and make her wear stuff that she didn t like. They had arguments about the wav Nevaeh wanted to look, and how Brooke didn't like what she wore.Nevaeh wasn't sure if she could really trust Brooke anymore. That was until she met Susan who understood Nevaeh and didn't judge her by her looks, but had the same interests as Nevaeh. They liked to dress in the same kinds of things and had similar hobbies.Nevaeh really liked Susan because she never judged her. When they were talking about their interests it was like they had known each other for a long lime.Nevaeh was still friends with the other girls, and was happy that she finally had someone that understood her and appreciated her.1 > What does the underlined word she in the first paragraph refer to?A. Susan. B. Karla.C. Brooke. D. Nevaeh.2、Why did Nevaeh have no friends in kindergarten?A. She didn't want friends B. She wasn't accepted by others.C. She didn't deserve to have friends. D. She was stopped from making friends.3、How did Nevaeh react to Brooke's judgment on her?A. She rejected it. B. She tolerated it.C. She corrected it. D. She appreciated it.4、What was Susan like according to the text?A. Brave and helpful. B. Smart and humorous.C. Sincere and supportive. D. Clever and hard-working.Part BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A -G for each numbered paragraph (41 45). There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) 语法填空Communicating with the old can be challenging,! (especial) when considering the fact that their abilities are failingFirst of all, you are supposed to respect the old's thoughts, backgrounds and life 2(experience) Do not correct their opinions even when you can't reach an 3(agree) And when old people are talking, listen carefully Let them finish because letting them express their thoughts and emotions 42_ (be) importantSometimes, the physical or mental (精神的)state of old people can stand in the way of expressing their needs More than just their physical needs such as food, clothing, it is also important to understand their emotions5, you9re together with them, try to know if they would like 6, (chat) or be quiet And when you feel they want to be quiet, just be there, because 7(spend) time with them is as important as talking to them or cheering them upAs communication with old people can be difficult, it is important to be always patient When you are explainingsomething 8. them, you should remain patient when they ask you to repeat yourself Try using gestures (手势) while you 9(talk) with them, or write down what you want to say when 10. is necessarySocrates was a famous philosopher in ancient Greece However, extremely little is known about his early life It was not the custom for people in those days 1(write) much of anything He didn't talk about himself much, either The best source for his thoughts and deeds is 2. (probable) the Dialogues of Plato, a student of the great teacherSocrates was once a soldier in the Athenian army These soldiers had to buy 3. (they) own armors (盔甲)4. he wasn't rich, he must have had some money to buy that armor He also 5. (fight) in several major battles in the Peloponnesian WarWhen he grew older, however, he came to hate money and what it did to peopleHe seems to have spent most of his time in the marketplace, discussing all 6. (sort) of things That could partly explain7. he was poor; he wasn't making 8. living The thing he liked to do most was to ask people fundamental questions, like “What is justice?” or “What is 9. (true)?” To the answers the people gave, Socrates would add more questions, until a logical case could be made that the people knew far less than they thought they did about things This emphasis on questions as means of making an argument now 10. (call) the Socratic MethodSection III TranslationDirections:Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)The process of forgiveness can be a liberating experience. Interestingly, forgiveness can only occur because we have been given the gift of the ability to make choices. 1、The choice of offering forgiveness develops along three steps.At step one you are filled with self justified anger. At some point in your life you have been hurt and you are mad at the person who you feel has wronged you. You blame the person committing the wrong. 2、You have forgotten that you have a choice as to how you will react.The second step towards forgiveness emerges when after feeling angry with someone for a while you realize that the anger does not feel good to you. 3、So you take steps to forgive. You may begin to see the problem from the other person's point of view or you may simply decide to let the problem go. 4、The third stage of forgiveness comes after you have seen the beneficial results of forgiveness and you don't want to waste your precious life in discomfort. In this stage the choice is to work to either repair the relationship or let go of seeing the situation as a problem. 5、At this stage you are aware that the length of time you experience the situation as a sorrow is primarily up to you.A. If we want to forgive someone, no one can stop us.B. We have the choice to forgive or not to forgive and no one can force us to do either.C. In either case you decide to forgive because you have had some practice with it and see the benefit in your life.D. It is their action and not your choice of response that you feel causes your anger.