2023年安顺市镇宁布依族苗族自治县考研《英语一》最后冲刺试题含解析.docx

2023年安顺市镇宁布依族苗族自治县考研英语一最后冲刺试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWERSHEET. (10 points)Many of the world's pollution problems have been caused by the crowding of large groups of people into the cities. Supply for the needs of the people leads to further 1 by industry. If the rapid increase of world population continues at the presentrate, there may be much greater 2 to human beings.Some scientists speak of the increase in numbers of people as "population pollution".About 2,000 years ago, the world population was about 250 million. It 3 a billion in 1850. By 1930 the population was two billion. It is now six billon. It is 4 to double by the year 2020. If the population continues to grow at the same rate, there will be 25 billion people in the 5 a hundred years from now.Man has been 6 the earth's resources more and more 7 over the past years. Some of them are almost gone. Now many people believe that man's greatest problem is how to control the 8 of the population. The material supplies in the world will be far from enough to 9 the human population if the present rate of increase continues.There is already over-crowding in many cities and starvation in some countries. Many people believe that human survival in thefuture_10 on the answer to the question.1、A.progressB. pollutionC. educationD. production2、A.dangerB , harmC. benefitD. hardship3、A.gotB. tookC , broughtD. reached4、A.suggestedB. hopedC , expectedD. said5、A.worldB. countryC. starD. end6、A.discoveringB. usingC diggingD. destroying7、A.seriouslyB. dangerouslyC. rapidlyD. steadily8、A.existenceB. startC. growthD. birth9、A.increaseB , starveC. constructD. support10、A.,dependsB. agreesC. savesD. passesSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1A report released this month found that grouping children by ability is on the rise againteaching students in groupsof similar ability has improved achievements for fast and slow learners alikeand who wouldn't want bright kids to be able to move ahead?But fbr most kids, labels （标签）applied early in life tend to stick, even if they are wrong.Sorting school children by ability has long been controversial. In some countries, especially in Asia, school-wide tracking （分流）remains normal. Children are tested and placed in different schools that direct them toward professional or vocational careers. Movement between the tracks is rare.School-wide tracking decreased in US schools in the 1960s and 1970s. It never died out, though. Sorting students into separate tracks for math at about junior high school age continues to be common, and other forms of tracking persist as well.Unlike tracking, which means sorting students into separate classrooms, ability grouping happens within classrooms.When done according to the latest research, it has proven to promote achievements. Ability grouping is changeable and temporary. Within classrooms, students might be divided into different learning groups dealing with materials of different levels. Any students who master concepts can move upward between groups, and the student groups might look different from subject to subject and unit to unit. For instance, a student who stands out in language arts might be at an average or slower level in math. A student who flies through multiplication tables might need extra help with fractions. Students who lag in reading can be pulled out of the classroom in small groups for practice with a tutor until their reading improves.Research shows ability grouping within classes has more positive benefits than tracking. However, that must be weighed against the challenges involved. In many regular classrooms, the differences between student ability levels are very big. That presents challenges for teachers and low-performing students to constantly compare themselves with students who seem to fly through school with ease.The rigid ability groups and tracking of the past are still with us in many schools. Likely, labels are applied with more caution than in the bad old days when some teachers gave reading groups not-so-secret code names like "Bluebirds", "Robins”, “Crows" and "Buzzards”. But kids still know.1、Why is grouping children by ability becoming popular again?A. Because most teachers do not like slower learners.B. Because grouping children should be done early in life.C. Because it is academically beneficial to different learners.D. Because fast learners can move ahead without teachers' help.2、By saying "Movement between the tracks is rare." in paragraph 3, the writer really means.A. tracking children is normal in AsiaB. school-wide tracking has decreased in USC - professional and vocational careers are unrelatedD. sorted students can hardly change schools 3、The examples in paragraph 5 are used mainly to illustrate.A. a good language learner promises to be good at mathB. a student might join different groups for different coursesC. ability grouping benefits gifted students more than slow onesD. ability grouping presents no challenge for those slow students4、What might be the challenge in regular classrooms for teachers?A, Students9 different levels.B. Students9 low performance.C. Constant self-comparison.D. Application of not-so-secret code.Text 2The organic food has gained a lot of popularity as they are being considered as healthier and tastier. A fair number of people advocate a large-scale shift to organic farming from conventional agriculture. But this might not seem well-founded.Since the mid-19th century, conventional industrial agriculture has become incredibly efficient on a simple land to food basis. Conventional farming gets more and more crop per square foot of land, which can mean less wilderness needs to be transformed to farmland.To make farming more efficient, conventional agriculture uses a significant amount of synthetic fertilizer （合成月日料）each year, and all that nitrogen （氮）enables much faster plant growth. However, the cost is paid in vast polluted dead zones at the months of many of the world's rivers, because much of the nitrogen ends up running off the soil and into the oceans. This also makes conventional farming one of the major threats to the environment.To weaken the environmental impact of agriculture, improve soil quality as well as produce healthier foods, some farmers have turned to organic farming. Environmentalists have also welcomed organic food as better for the planet than the food produced by agricultural corporations. Organic practices - refusing artificial fertilizers and chemical pesticides -are considered far more sustainable. Sales of organic food rose 7.7% in 2010, up to $26.7 billion-and people are making those purchases for their moral senses as much as their tongues.Yet a new meta-analysis in Nature does the math and comes to a hard conclusion: organic farming produces 25% fewer crops on average than conventional agriculture.In the Nature analysis, scientists performed an analysis of 66 studies comparing conventional and organic methods across 34 different crop species, from fruits to grains. They found that organic farming delivered a lower output for every crop type, though the difference varied widely. For crops like fruit trees, organic trailed （落后于）conventional agriculture by just 5%. Yet for major grain crops and vegetables - all of which provide the world's main calories - conventional agriculture outperformed organics by more than 25%.What that means is that while organic farming may be more sustainable than conventional agriculture, there are trade-offs（止匕消彼长） with each. So an ideal global agriculture system may borrow the best from both systems rather than upholding merely organic or conventional practices.1、What's the author's purpose of writing the passage?A , To compare two types of farming.B. To criticize conventional agriculture.C. To discuss the development of farming.D. To argue for a realistic agriculture system.2、What do we know about conventional farming?A. It produces more crops with fewer fertilizers.B. It achieves efficiency at a huge cost to the environment.C. If offers a long-term solution to global demand for food.D. It performs far better for each crop type than organic farming.3、What does the author most probably agree with?A. Employing organic farming to plant rice.B. Adopting organic practices to grow potato.C. Using conventional methods to plant cabbage.D. Applying conventional farming to growing apple.4、Which of the following shows the development of ideas in this passage?Sp: Sub-point （次要点）C: ConclusionCP: Central PointP: PointText 3When Lone Star College student Dwyanya Earnhardt first heard about a food pantry（食品室）opening at her college inSeptember 2015, she was embarrassed to ask for help, but knew she needed it. she's used the food pantry several times since.