全国最新押题卷英语（北京卷）（全解全析）.docx

2024年高考考前押题密卷（北京卷）英语（考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：100分）注意事项：1、考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。 2、考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30 分)第一节 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出 最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。We live in a town, about half a mile from the banks of the Ahr River. It had been raining buckets that week and there were 1 warnings for some of the nearby areas, but not where I was.As a precaution, Id 2 sandbags outside my garden door and piled electronics and clothing on tables and the couch just in case water managed to see p through.As I fell asleep, I was 3 by the sound of rushing water. When I swung my legs off the bed, I was 4 to feel cold water already up to my knees and rising fast. Shivering and in darkness, I grabbed my phone and 5 its flashlight. Water was coming from the garden door, and chairs, bookshelves and pieces of my drum set were floating all over my living room. The Ahr must have 6 burst its banks and breached the sandbags. And now I had to get out fast!With the water now up to my waist, in bare feet I started to paddle to my only 7 : the door leading to upstairs. Finally I made it to that door and tried to pull it open, but the waters pressure was high. I managed to make a 8 of about 30 centimeters with all my strength and effort, enough for me to squeeze through. Rushing down outside, I 9 that if I had woken up just a few minutes later, I would have drowned.The experience made me grateful and determined to live each day to its fullest. I will remember what my mother told me: “Dont remember the day when you 10 everything. Remember the day you survived.”1AfloodBearthquakeCdroughtDsandstorm2AcleanedBliftedCrecoveredDplaced3AthreatenedBawakenedCweakenedDtightened4AexcitedBshockedCdepressedDexhausted5Ashowed upBlooked upCturned onDwent on6AcarefullyBgraduallyCviolentlyDconstantly7AescapeBmindCproblemDstage8AgapBdepthCheightDcut9ApretendedBpromisedCimaginedDrealised10AlackedBfoundClostDgained【参考答案】1A 2D 3B 4B 5C 6C 7A 8A 9D 10C【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的一次脱险经历。由于连下大雨，使得河流决堤，爆发了洪水，殃及到作者所居住的区域。尽管作者提前做好了“抗洪”准备，但是，洪水的破坏力还是使得作者的家，以及该区域一片狼藉。幸运的是，作者逃生并幸存了下来。【详情解析】1考查名词词义辨析。句意：那个星期一直下着大雨，附近的一些地区发布了洪水警报，但我所在的地方没有。A. flood洪水；B. earthquake地震；C. drought干旱；D. sandstorm沙尘暴。根据“It had been raining buckets that week”可知，下大雨应是发布洪水警报，故选A。2考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为预防措施，我在花园门外放了沙袋，把电子产品和衣服堆在桌子和沙发上，以防水浸透。A. cleaned打扫；B. lifted举起，（被）提起；C. recovered恢复；D. placed放置。结合语境及“piled electronics and clothing on tables and the couch”可知，此处指在花园门外放了沙袋，故选D。3考查动词词义辨析。句意：我刚睡着，就被哗哗的水声吵醒了。A. threatened威胁；B. awakened（使）醒来；C. weakened削弱，减弱；D. tightened（使）变紧。根据“As I fell asleep”可知，作者正在睡觉，故此处指被水声吵醒，故选B。4考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我把腿从床上甩下来时，我震惊地感到冷水已经没过膝盖，而且还在迅速上升。A. excited兴奋的；B. shocked震惊的；C. depressed沮丧的；D. exhausted筋疲力尽的。根据“to feel cold water already up to my knees and rising fast”可知，作者一觉醒来感到冷水已经没过膝盖，而且还在迅速上升，应是感到震惊，故选B。5考查动词短语辨析。句意：在黑暗中瑟瑟发抖，我抓起手机，打开了手电筒。A. showed up出现；B. looked up查阅，向上看；C. turned on打开；D. went on继续。根据“Shivering and in darkness”可知，作者身处黑暗中，故是抓起手机打开手电筒，故选C。6考查副词词义辨析。句意：阿尔河一定猛烈地冲垮了河岸，冲破了沙袋。A. carefully仔细地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. violently猛烈地，激烈地；D. constantly不断地。根据上文“Water was coming from the garden door, and chairs, bookshelves and pieces of my drum set were floating all over my living room.(水从花园的门里涌了出来，椅子、书架和我的架子鼓碎片漂浮在客厅里)”可知，家里遭遇洪水，故此处指阿尔河猛烈地冲垮了河岸，故选C。7考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在水没到我的腰了，我光着脚开始划向我唯一的逃生之处：通往楼上的门。A. escape逃脱；B. mind头脑；C. problem问题；D. stage舞台。根据空后“the door leading to upstairs”可知，水位已经到了腰部，作者应是上楼逃生，故选A。8考查名词词义辨析。句意：我使出了全身的力气和力气，总算挤出了30厘米左右的空隙，才勉强挤了过去。A. gap间隙，开口；B. depth深度；C. height高度；D. cut划口。根据“enough for me to squeeze through”可知，此处指使出浑身力气打开一个间隙挤过去，故选A。9考查动词词义辨析。句意：我冲到外面，意识到如果我几分钟后醒来，我就会淹死。A. pretended假装；B. promised承诺；C. imagined想象；D. realised意识到。结合空后“if I had woken up just a few minutes later, I would have drowned”可知，此处指作者意识到形势的严峻，如果晚几分钟醒来可能就被淹死了。故选D。10考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会记住妈妈告诉我的话：“不要记得你失去一切的那一天。记住你活下来的那一天。”A. lacked缺少；B. found发现；C. lost失去；D. gained获得。结合作者的经历以及下文“Remember the day you survived.”可知，作者从洪水中幸存，故此处指不要想自己失去了一切，而是要记得活下来的那一天，故选C。第二节(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当 的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指 定区域作答。AWhen I lived in Boston, I taught English as a second language to adult students from around the world. On the last day, they threw a nice party. I was amazed they had learned enough English 11 (organize) such an event altogether. At the end of the party, they proudly handed me a gift box. After the box 12 (open), I gently lifted a beautiful coat from it. “We went shopping for a new coat!” they all shouted 13 wonderfully perfect English.【参考答案】11to organize 12was opened 13in【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。一位教师在波士顿教授来自世界各地的成人学生学习英语，学生取得了很大的语言进步。【详情解析】11考查动词不定式。句意：我很惊讶他们学到了足够的英语足以组织这样一个活动。由enough可知，此处使用动词不定式作结果状语，表示“多到足以做某事”，故填to organize。12考查时态和语态。句意：盒子打开后，我轻轻地从里面拿出一件漂亮的外套。根据“I gently lifted a beautiful coat from it.”以及box承受open的动作可知，从句的谓语动词使用一般过去时的被动语态，box为单数，故填was opened。13考查介词。句意：我们去买一件新外套！他们都用非常完美的英语喊道。使用某种语言用介词in，故填in。BSaturday not only marked the last day of Chinas 2024 Spring Festival holiday, but also closed out the eight-day domestic film period, 14 ended strongly as the highest-grossing Chinese New Year holiday in the history of domestic cinema. According to a report, over 163 million people 15 (go) to cinemas, a 26% increase from the 2023 Spring Festival holiday. And box-office sales reached more than 8 billion yuan, up 18% 16 (compare) to last years holiday period.【参考答案】14which 15went 16compared【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是周六不仅是中国2024年春节假期的最后一天，也是为期8天的国产电影档期的最后一天，该档期以国产电影史上票房最高的春节假期强势结束。【详情解析】14考查定语从句。句意：周六不仅是中国2024年春节假期的最后一天，也是为期8天的国产电影档期的最后一天，该档期以国产电影史上票房最高的春节假期强势结束。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词film period是指电影档期，因此空格处用which引导非限制性定语从句，故填which。15考查时态。句意：根据一份报告，超过1.63亿人去电影院，比2023年春节假期增加了26%。根据语境可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式went，故填went。16考查非谓语动词。句意：票房收入超过80亿元，比去年同期增长18%。分析句子结构可知，句中谓语是reached，空格处用非谓语动词，box-office sales和compare之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，故填compared。CChatGPT is a chatbot. Some schools 17 (ban) it since its birth. They need time to make rules about 18 its to be used properly in class. Some teachers see it as a 19 (cheat) tool. But many principals believe its too late to keep AI out of classrooms. A growing number of 20 (educate) say the panic about AI is a lot like the panic caused by the Internet when it was new. One of them says, “ChatGPT is to English and to writing what the calculator is to math.”【参考答案】17have banned 18how 19cheating 20educators【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一些学校禁止使用ChatGPT，但许多教育工作者认为人工智能在教育中是很重要的。【详情解析】17考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一些学校自其诞生以来就禁止它。根据句中的“since its birth”可知，谓语动词ban使用现在完成时，主语“some schools”为复数意义，谓语复数形式，故填have banned。18考查宾语从句。句意：他们需要时间来制定规则，规定如何在课堂上正确使用。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少状语，表示“如何”，因此使用连接副词how引导宾语从句，故填how。19考查动名词。句意：一些老师认为这是一种作弊工具。动名词形式作定语修饰名词tool，用来表示该名词的用途、目的或场合，cheating修饰tool，意为“用来作弊的工具”，故填cheating。20考查名词。句意：越来越多的教育工作者表示，对人工智能的恐慌很像互联网刚出现时引起的恐慌。此处应填名词作宾语，需要的词义为“教育工作者”，即educator，它是可数名词，前有“a growing number of ”修饰，则educator需要变复数形式，故填educators。第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38 分)第一节(共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并 在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AColumbia Engineerings Summer High School Academic Program for Engineers (SHAPE) is a selective pre-college program for high school students and recent graduates. SHAPE is tailored for students with a gift for STEM: science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. Each 3-week session offers college-level, project-based courses in engineering taught by celebrated professors at the university. SHAPE gives students a more realistic picture of what it means to be an engineer, and its professional development components help students develop the skills they need to get there.Courses SHAPE features creative problem-solving courses and exposes students to innovative engineering techniques and knowledge presented by professors. Please note that SHAPE does not provide college credit. Students gain access to the famous MakerSpace and state-of-the-art research laboratories after completing the safety training and will only do so under close guidance. SHAPE also provides students with workshops to explore career fields, professional development, and guidance on sharpening ones college application from admissions officers. Students in the program will be visiting companies and organizations that show the classroom content in practice. Application Students are selected based on the following criteria: 1. Strong academic record 2. Personal statement to demonstrate excitement and interest in STEM through engagement in challenging courses, activities, projects, etc. 3. Enthusiastic letter of recommendation submitted by a math or science teacher 4. Creative responses to two required questions and one of the three optional questions We encourage all students to apply by the priority deadline of June 15, 2023, so there is no application fee. After the priority deadline, a $50 application fee is required. SHAPE is dedicated to supporting students and their families in need of financial assistance. We offer a limited number of need-based scholarships, which cover the full cost of SHAPE. To be considered for a need-based scholarship, families will need to provide a recent pay receipt and complete a Family Income and Expense Worksheet.Email: shapecolumbia.edu for more information.21What can we learn about SHAPE?AIt suits students talented in STEM. BIt shows the procedure of learning STEM.CIt serves as the start of students college life. DIt gives students chances to work with engineers.22In SHAPE, students can .Abe free to explore the MakerSpace Bearn college credit for future studyCput school knowledge into practice Dbe equipped with skills for engineering23To secure a place in SHAPE, students need to .Ashow their family financial state Banswer all the given questionsCpay application fees before deadline Dprove their learning capability【参考答案】21A 22D 23D【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一项针对高中生和应届毕业生的选择性大学预科课程：SHAPE。介绍了其课程特色以及申请要求。【详情解析】21细节理解题。根据第一段“SHAPE is tailored for students with a gift for STEM: science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.(SHAPE是为具有STEM：科学、技术、工程和数学天赋的学生量身定制的)”可知，SHAPE适合在STEM领域有天赋的学生。故选A。22细节理解题。根据第二段“SHAPE gives students a more realistic picture of what it means to be an engineer, and its professional development components help students develop the skills they need to get there.(SHAPE让学生对成为一名工程师意味着什么有了一个更现实的认识，它的专业发展部分帮助学生发展他们到达那里所需的技能)”可知，在SHAPE，学生可以掌握工程技能。故选D。23细节理解题。根据Application部分中“Personal statement to demonstrate excitement and interest in STEM through engagement in challenging courses, activities, projects, etc.(个人陈述，通过参与具有挑战性的课程、活动、项目等，展示对STEM的兴奋和兴趣)”可知，申请条件中需要学生陈述自己参加过的有挑战性的课程、活动、项目，这能证明自己的学习能力，由此可知，为了在SHAPE获得一席之地，学生需要证明自己的学习能力。故选D。BMy birth was a little more dramatic than the standard way a baby enters the world. I was born missing my left hand. Indeed, my limb (手臂) difference could have been a disaster if it hadnt been for what happened next. A nurse placed me in my mothers arms and instructed, “You will take her home. You will love her and treat her as normal.”That is exactly what happened. I played sports, acted in theater, excelled in school and had playdates with friends. While I did get some stares and “polite” questions about my disability, I was lucky because I wasnt made fun of for it.However, that fact that I was different hit me hard my first day of high school. I was 13, an age when kids are already very self-conscious and the need to fit in is intensified. I remember one of the other kids on the school bus stared just a little too long at my left arm. I felt a sudden urge to hide my hand, so I slipped it into my pocket. I told myself that Id just hide it that one day, while I was trying to make friends. But one day of hiding turned into a week, a month, and years 25 of them to be exact.When I was 38 years old, tired of hiding and lonely, I met someone special and invited him in. The combination of me finally feeling ready to unhide and his willingness to go through the unhiding process with me was exactly what I needed. For the first time in my life, I allowed someone to really hold my limb, look at it, touch it, love it love me. I saw my limb difference as something unique about me, something that should be shown, not hidden.It was a transformational experience, and I learned to love me too. It changed how I lived my entire life and made me happier. I also discovered and joined the Lucky Fin Project, an organisation devoted to people with all types of disabilities.Hiding things, especially from loved ones, is tiring and lonely, and it prevents us from getting help and support. Its time to change that.24What was the authors childhood like?AShe had no social interactions with friends. BShe was raised with care and treated normally.CShe faced some challenges in school activities. DShe was upset about the attention to her difference.25What happened to the author when she was 13 years old?AShe began to ignore her disability. BShe suffered prejudice from some kids.CShe started hiding herself away from friends. DShe became sensitive due to her self-awareness.26How did the author change when she stopped hiding?AShe started to open up and be herself. BShe met someone who cured her disability.CShe was fed up with the company of others. DShe reduced involvement in the disability group.27What can we learn from this passage?AMisfortune is a good teacher. BDisability is not a barrier to success.CSelf-acceptance can lead to self-love. DNothing beats the feeling of being loved.【参考答案】24B 25D 26A 27C【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者生来残疾，小时候被好好照顾，直到中学时自我意识觉醒对周围的目光变得敏感，将自己隐藏起来，到38岁时决定敞开做自己，不再隐藏，接收自己的不完美。作者意识到只有自我接纳，才能好好爱自己。【详情解析】24细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Indeed, my limb difference could have been a disaster if it hadnt been for what happened next. A nurse placed me in my mothers arms and instructed, “You will take her home. You will love her and treat her as normal.”(事实上，如果没有接下来发生的事情，我的肢体差异可能是一场灾难。一位护士把我放在母亲的怀里，嘱咐我说:“你带她回家。你会爱她，像对待正常人一样对待她。”)”及第二段“That is exactly what happened. I played sports, acted in theater, excelled in school and had playdates with friends. While I did get some stares and “polite” questions about my disability, I was lucky because I wasnt made fun of for it.(事实正是如此。我参加体育运动，在剧院表演，在学校表现优异，和朋友一起玩。虽然我确实得到了一些关于我的残疾的凝视和“礼貌”的问题，但我很幸运，因为我没有因此而被取笑)”可知，作者虽然天生残疾，但是在童年时代受到了精心照料，受到正常的对待。故选B。25细节理解题。根据