【考前一周清】-专题04 高考真题熟词生义+高阶单词短语100例+题型组合卷 教师精讲版.docx

【考前一周清】2024届高考英语临考一周材料专题04高考真题熟词生义+高阶单词短语100例+题型集训卷 教师版一、真题熟词生义（背一背，悟一悟，轻松跨越词汇障碍）1. structure熟义：结构n 生义：总体安排 2023年1月浙江首考Camp Structure : The day is divided into two thematic sessions per age group.探险营总体安排：这一天每个年龄组分为两个专题会议.2. assign熟义：分派，布置（工作、任务）v 生义：确定（价值、功能等）2023年1月浙江首考The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations.确定意义的规则不仅存在于我们的头脑中，也存在于社会之外，存在于社会记忆、社会习俗和社会关系中。3. run 熟义：跑v 生义：运行2023年1月浙江首考Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week, so missing yours can be a disaster. 大多数火车每天只开一趟，有些火车一周只开三趟，所以错过你的火车可能是一场灾难。4. unfold熟义：打开v 生义：展现，呈现2023年1月浙江首考Read a book, knit, do a crossword puzzle, or simply watch the world unfold outside the window. 一本书，织毛衣，做一个填字游戏，或者只是看看窗外的世界。5. type n熟义：类型生义：具有某种特征的人2023年1月浙江首考Train trips aren't for impatient types.火车旅行不适合没有耐心的人。6. stretch n熟义 v（时间上）延续；（空间上）延伸 生义：一片地域2023年1月浙江首考I followed beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle.我跟着养蜂人齐亚德穿过一片广阔的草原，然后进入了一片茂密的丛林。7. inch熟义：n 英寸v生义：慢慢移动2023年1月浙江首考Sitting on a branch, he inched towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive.他坐在一根树枝上，慢慢地向蜂箱靠近，用手电筒把烟吹进蜂箱上的一个小洞里。8. sharp熟义：尖的，锋利的adj. 生义：刺耳的2023年1月浙江首考Suddenly, Ziyad let out a sharp cry.突然，齐亚德发出一声刺耳的喊叫。9. court n熟义：法院，法庭；球场生义：宫廷，宫殿2023年1月浙江首考In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect the culture of grassroots Beijingers.与紫禁城、颐和园和天坛所代表的宫廷生活和上流社会文化相比，胡同反映的是北京人的草根文化。10. stuff 熟义：n 东西，物品v生义：塞，填满 2023年1月浙江首考I stuffed a piece of cloth into the hole and took her outside, closing the door securely behind me.我把一块布塞进洞里，把她带了出去，随手把门牢牢地关上。11. branch n.熟词：树枝，分枝；生义：分部。2023全国甲卷 Head Chef David Thompson opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010.总厨师大卫汤普森于2010年在大都会酒店开设了这个分店。12. credit 熟词：n. 信用，信贷；生义：v.认为是的功劳。2023全国甲卷She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd.她把这些技能归功于她已故的祖父和建造者德里克劳埃德。13. split v. 熟词：分裂；分开；生义：分担，分摊。2023全国甲卷Terri avoided losing the deposit on the house she rented by splitting the rent with a roommate.特里通过和室友分担房子租金避免了她租的房子上的押金。14. quarter n. 熟词：四分之一；一刻钟，十五分钟；生义：住所，住处2023全国甲卷Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away.在养鸡场和其他农场动物住处做电剑网也很有效地使灰熊远离。15. voice n. 熟词：嗓音，说话声；生义：意见，呼声2023全国甲卷The voice of the biologists has stopped the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service from delisting grizzlies.生物学家的呼声已经阻止了美国鱼和野生动物的伤害灰熊。16. square n. 熟词：正方形，正方形物；生义：广场 2023新高考Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights.骑自行车是一种最经济、可持续、最有趣的方式来探索这座城市,它的运河、公园、广场和无数的灯光。17. strategic adj. 熟词：战略的，策略的；生义：有用的，重要的2023新高考 With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you.在重要地点我们的五家租赁商店里,有超过2500辆自行车，我们确保有一辆自行车可供你使用。18. trap n. 熟词：陷阱，网，圈套，诡计；生义：困境2023新高考 Youll hear these participants stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.你会听到这些参与者的故事,学习哪些策略对他们来说很有效,以及他们遇到的你应该避免的困境。19. capitalize v.熟词：提供资金；生义：利用2023新高考 This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors arent always the same.这一效应利用了一个事实,即当人们犯错时,这些错误并不总是一样的。20. draw熟词：画画；生义：吸引，使感兴趣2023新高考I Discover why artists and photographers continue to be drawn to this special place.发现为什么艺术家和摄影师继续被吸引到这个特殊的地方。21. leaf 熟义：n. 叶；叶片；叶子生义：vt 匆匆翻阅；浏览2023新高考&卷As I leafed through the novel, a piece of paper fell out.当我翻阅小说时，一张纸掉了出来。 22. land熟义：n. 陆地；大地生义： 落；降落；着陆2023新高考&卷So, all the way across the country, your sisters old book landed in your hands.所以，在全国各地，你姐姐的旧书都落在了你手里。23. issue 熟义：重要议题；争论的问题 生义：一期；期号2023新高考&卷In every issue, you will find an interesting mix of interviews and essays on the good life, history, philosophy, arts and fashion photography. 在每一期中，你都会发现关于美好生活、历史、哲学、艺术和时尚摄影的采访和文章的有趣组合24. cover 熟义: v. 掩蔽；遮盖 生义: 包括；包含2023新高考&卷The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. 2.5小时的游览包括古耶风车、瘦桥、国立博物馆、喜力啤酒厂等。25. course 熟词：课程生义：跑道 2023新高考&卷On Oct. 1l, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have finished the course earlier than she did. 10月1日，数百名选手在明尼苏达州参加越野赛。Melanie Bailey本应该比她早完成这门课的。26. iron熟义：n. 铁 生义：（用熨斗）熨，烫平2023新高考&卷It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked. 这可能是你帮助朋友做家庭作业的时候，也可能是你在没有被要求的情况下熨衣服的时候。27. harvest 熟义：n. 收获季节；收割；收获生义：v. 收割（庄稼）；捕猎（动物、鱼）2023新高考&卷Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. 翻土、拔草、收割卷心菜，对中学生和高中生来说，这听起来像是一项艰巨的工作。28. produce 熟义：v. 生产；制造 生义：n. 产品；（尤指）农产品2023新高考&卷Urban Sprouts classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. 在两所初中和两所高中开设的“城市豆芽”课程包括动手实验，如土壤测试、花和种子解剖、品尝新鲜或干燥的农产品，以及在花园里工作。29. still 熟义：adv. 还；还是；仍然；依旧 生义：adj. 静止的；平静的；安静的；寂静的2023新高考&卷Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. 无论你画的是静物画、肖像画还是风景画，都要尽可能地从生活中绘画。30. correct 熟义：adj. 准确无误的；精确的；正确的 生义v.：改正；纠正；修正2023新高考&卷I asked my older sister to correct my grammar. 我请姐姐纠正我的语法。31. shot vt 射击 生义 n 尝试，努力2023新高考&卷If youre willing to apply yourself, I think you have a good shot at this.如果你愿意努力，我认为你有很好的机会做到这一点。32. walk 熟义：n. 行走；步行；徒步旅行；散步生义：a walk of life行业；职业；地位；阶层2023全国乙卷Tan treated women from all walks of life.谭治疗过各行各业的女性。33. back 熟义：n. （人体或动物的）背部，背；腰背生义：v. 支持；证实2023全国甲卷Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity, focus and memory.几项研究支持了这一观点，并发现室内植物可以提高创造力、注意力和记忆力。二、高阶单词（背一背，默一默，轻松跨越词汇障碍）1. innovative adj 创新的2. criteria pl标准 准则3. elegantly adv 优雅地4. entry n 词条 参赛作品5. visually adv 视觉上6. appealing adj 吸引人的7. distinctive adj独特的8. submission vt 提交物9. description n 描写10. incredibly adv 难以置信的11. adolescence n 青春期12. house vt 提供住房 储藏13. prescription n 处方14. capital n 首都 资本 大写字母15. sensor n 感应器16. glorious adj 光荣地17. dismiss vt 解散 辞退18. enthusiasm n 热情19. abundantadj 充裕的20. admittedly adv 公认地21. squeeze vt 挤进22. abruptly adv突然地23. milestone n 里程碑 24. assessment n 评估25. accomplishment n成就26. safeguard vt 保护27. mysterious adj 神秘的28. passion n 激情 热情29. conservation n保护30. optional adj 可选择的31. contestant n 选手；竞赛者32. shortlist n 入围名单33. finalist n 决赛选手34. jury n 陪审团 评委35. overall adj 全体的36. arouse vt 激发 唤醒37. confront vt 面临着38. proceed vt 继续进行39. minority n 少数40. define vt 限定 下定义41. single-handedly adv 单独地42. gallery n 艺术馆 画廊43. physician n 内科医生 44. well-being n幸福 福祉45. absent-minded adj 心不在焉的46. bow n 弓 蝴蝶结 船头 鞠躬47.capacity n 容量 能力48. beneath prep 在下方49.fragile adj 易碎的50.deliberately adv 故意地三、高阶短语（背一背，默一默，轻松跨越词汇障碍）1. except for 除了2. media coverage 媒体报道3. no more than 只有4. turn for the worse 恶化5. to an extent 在某种程度上6. range fromto在变化7. in place 适当的8. block off 封堵9. go out of business 歇业10. appeal to sb to do 呼吁某人做某事11. in other words 换句话说12. in the distance 在远处13. run into 偶遇14. clear away 清除15. fall silent 突然沉默16. on a daily basis 每天17. be occupied with 忙于某事18. burst out laughing突然大笑19. be bathed in 沐浴在20. to date 到现在为止21. the other day 前几天22. be prepared for 做好准备23. set an example to sb 为树立榜样24. make contributions to 为做贡献25. put on穿上；上演；假装；增加26. in terms of 就而言27. to date到现在为止28. on the edge of 在边缘29. defineas 把定义为30. take to 开始从事；喜欢31. go bankrupt 倒闭32. be suited to sth使适合于33. take the lead in 在领先34. off guard 不提防35. appeal to吸引；呼吁；上诉36. greenhouse effect 温室效应37. be dedicated to doing致力于38. balance out 抵消39. rob sb of 剥夺某人40. be engaged in 忙于41. domestic social media 国内社交媒体42. apart from 除了43. in high spirits情绪高涨44. set sb apart from把与分开 45. be coupled with 与结合46. make up with sb与某人和好47. make sense 有意义；讲得通48. be capable of.有能力49. specialize in专门研究50. set off出发；引发；激起四、题型集训题（做一做，悟一悟，轻松跨越能力障碍）第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AJoin the Sydney City Library1. Create a City of Sydney account and join the libraryExperience greater security and access to our library and other services by joining with a City of Sydney account. Your City of Sydney account uses your email address and a password as the login (登录). Youll be able to use the same login to access other City of Sydney services. Go to the library online catalogue (目录) and select Join Select Create an account and follow the instructions When the account is created, select Join the library2. Join the library without an email addressIf you dont have an email address you can still join the library. Go to the library online catalogue and select Join Select Create an account and then the option I dont have an email Follow the prompts to complete the library membership form3. Activate (激活) your membershipTo ensure your full membership and collect your library card, visit a branch open for browsing and borrowing. You need to show proof of identity and permanent residential address. Official documents such as a driver licence, student card, bank statement or rates are accepted. Applicants under 18 years oldA parent or guardian is required to approve your application. They need to visit a branch with you to show proof of identity, including their residential address and medicare card listing your name. For online memberships this proof of identity should be emailed to librarymembershipscityofsydney. nsw. gov. au1. Whats the benefit of having a City of Sydney account?A. You can spend less money.B. You can borrow more books.C. You can enjoy safer access.D. You can log in without a password.2. What do you need to activate your membership?A. Library card.B. Email address.C. Identity documents.D. Bank password.3. What is this text?A. A guide.B. A poster.C. A report.D. A notice.【答案】1. C2. C3. A【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了加入悉尼市图书馆的具体流程，以及如何激活会员资格。1.细节理解题。根据文章“Create a City of Sydney account and join the library”部分中的“Experience greater security and access to our library and other services by joining with a City of Sydney account.(通过创建悉尼市账户，您可以体验更高的安全性和获取图书馆及其他服务的权限。)”可知，通过创建悉尼市账户，您可以体验更高的安全性。故选C。2.细节理解题。根据文章“Activate (激活) your membership”部分中的“To ensure your full membership and collect your library card, visit a branch open for browsing and borrowing. You need to show proof of identity and permanent residential address. Official documents such as a driver licence, student card, bank statement or rates are accepted.(要确保成为正式会员并领取借书证，请到开放的分馆浏览和借阅。你需要出示身份证明和永久居住地址。官方文件，如驾照、学生证、银行对账单或利率均可接受。)”可知，如果想要激活会员资格，你需要出示身份证明和永久居住地址。官方文件，如驾照、学生证、银行对账单或利率均可接受。故选C。3.推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章提供了一系列详细的步骤和说明，指导读者如何加入悉尼市图书馆，包括创建账户、选择加入方式、激活会员资格以及特定情况下的要求等。这种结构清晰、目的明确的文本通常被称为“指南”或“操作指南”，旨在为读者提供具体的指导，帮助他们完成某项任务或了解某个主题。故选A。BI grew up hearing that it is better to give than to receive, and the older I get, the more I aim to take this message to heart. Nevertheless, here I am, in the midst of the holiday season stressed out about gifts I have not yet purchased.How did gift buying become an emotionally fraught chore(苦差事)? For a moment, its easy to question if its worth it. But science tells me that giving makes us feel good.“The act of giving actually does improve your happiness,” says Michael Norton, a psychologist at Harvard Business School. He has published several studies on the effects of giving.In one experiment that included about 700 people, the researchers randomly assigned participants to make either a purchase for themselves, or for a stranger. Afterwards, the participants reported how happy they felt. Turns out, giving to others led to a significant happiness boost, whereas spending on oneself didnt move the needle.“If you take $5 out of your pocket today, the science really does show that spending $5 on yourself doesnt do much for you,” Norton says. “But spending that $5 on somebody else is more likely to increase your happiness.”Take a scarf. If you buy one for yourself, its just another thing you dont necessarily need. But if you buy a scarf for someone else, “youve shown them that theyre important to you,” Norton says. Either way, its just a scarf. “But it can either be a throwaway object or something that enhances a relationship between two people,” he says.So, theres evidence that generosity promotes happiness, but the process of shopping, wrapping and schlepping(搬) gifts can be tiresome or even extremely annoying considering all of our day­to­day demands and other holiday stressors.Studies also show when people are given something they are more likely to give back. Reciprocity(互惠) is a foundation of good relationships and when we surround ourselves with generous people, we tend to feel the same. Feeling that spirit of giving and the connection it can bring is what the holidays are all about.4. Why does the author mention his own experience in paragraph 1?A. To make a prediction.B. To introduce the topic.C. To present a reason.D. To clarify a concept.5. How does Norton illustrate his opinion in paragraphs 5 and 6?A. By listing data.B. By giving examples.C. By making comments.D. By telling personal experiences.6. Why is preparing a gift sometimes an emotionally fraught chore?A. Its difficult and expensive.B. It happens frequently.C. Its not valued by others.D. It requires much effort.7. What can we learn about giving gifts from the text?A. It is not worth the effort.B. It is a must to enhance a relationship.C. It brings about emotional benefits.D. It gains popularity during holidays.【答案】4. B5. B6. D7. C【导语】本文一篇说明文，主要讲述了给予能够带来幸福。4.推理判断题。根据第一段“I grew up hearing that it is better to give than to receive, and the older I get, the more I aim to take this message to heart. Nevertheless, here I am, in the midst of the holiday season stressed out about gifts I have not yet purchased.(我从小就听说给予总比接受好，年纪越大，我就越想把这个信息牢记在心。然而，在节日期间，我因尚未购买的礼物而倍感压力。)”可知，第一段讲述了虽然作者明白给予比接受好，但在节日期间自己总是因为买礼物的事情感到很有压力。接着第二段“How did gift buying become