英语 选择性必修四-Unit 3 Reading-（译林版2020选择性必修第四册）（解析版）.docx

译林高中英语选择性必修四Unit 3 课后培优练(Reading)【Part A】 基础知识练习一、 英汉互译1. the spirit of craftsmanship 2. 劳动力3. 喜爱4. 公务员5. 舒适区6. status quo 7. not least8. 谋生9. by no means10. meet with a success11. 从事，参加.12. 与.并驾齐驱13. 使我们自己适应新的社区14. 增加我们的成就感15. 在最基本的层面上16. 对.有偏见17. 使自己致力于做某事18. 作为一个整体，总体上19. 更加强调/重视20. 认为.十分重要【答案】1. 工匠精神3. be fond of 5. comfort zone7. 尤其是，相当重要地9. 绝不，一点也不11. be engaged in13. adapt ourselves to new communities15. at the most basic level17. commit oneself to doing sth.19. place greater emphasis on2. labour force4. public servant 6. 现状，原来的状况8. earn a living10. 获得成功12. keep up with.14. add to our sense of achievement16. have prejudice against18. as a whole20. attach much importance to.二、 根据提示填写正确形式的词汇1. He's left his job as a computer programmer and is working as a (顾问) for a German firm.2. Recent years have w (见证) a growing social mobility.3. She (聘用) some technical experts and started her own company in 2004.4. Most of our students a five A grades in their exams.5. There are groups of employees with specific job specialties, such as cashiers, stock (职员), and meat-cutters.6. I think we've fixed everything, and I don't a (预料) finding any more problems.7. An eco-friendly trip can provide financial aid and other (好处, 益处) for the local people.8. The old man has grown f of the house and doesnt want to leave.9. For twenty-five years now he has (艰苦地做) to build a religious community.10. The company has a reputation for (更好的,占优势的) technology and customer loyalty(忠诚).11. Until his death in 1986 Greenwood owned and o an enormous pear orchard(果园).12. She pushed many people away by her critical, biting comments and narrow (偏见).13. I joined the company in 1985, on a s of $22,000 a year. 14. You have to study for a long time to become a (律师).15. Edinburgh had practically no textile workers, men or women; but as we have seen it had a great many domestic (仆人).16. Foreign visitors will expect the (接待员) to have a very good knowledge of the country in general.17. The leaders met to discuss the problems facing their (分别的,各自的) countries.18. He made a speech with great (强烈情感).19. The government has set up a special economic (区域) in the south for private enterprises.20.  We want to identify employees who have (领导应有的品质) potential.【答案】1. consultant2. witnessed3. hired4. attained5. clerks6. anticipate7. benefits8. fond9. laboured10. superior11. operated12. prejudices13. salary14. lawyer15. servants16. receptionist17. respective18. passion19. zone20. leadership三、 单句语法填空1. Internet makes possible for us to learn online whenever and wherever.2. We will endeavour (arrive) in Scheffau before the shops close!3. The English have a passion gardens.4. Many people (consultant) their accountants about the tax laws.5. In my opinion, students can benefit a lot doing housework.6. They claimed that a vegetarian diet was superior a meat diet.7. The teacher committed himself to (promote) the education in remote rural village. 8. Regular servicing guarantees the smooth (operate) of the engine.9. Ive always been (passion)about football.10. is true that wearing masks is a effective way to stop virus spreading.【答案】1. it【解析】此处it作形式宾语，代替后面的不定式。make it possible for sb. to do sth.意为“使得做某事对某人来说成为可能”。2. to arrive【解析】endeavor后接不定式作宾语。endeavor to do表示“努力做某事”。3. for【解析】填介词for，为固定搭配。have a passion for意为“酷爱.”4. consult【解析】句中缺少谓语动词，consultant为名词，故填其动词形式。5. from/by【解析】句意为“在我看来，学生们可以从（或通过）做家务获得很多好处”。故填from或by。benefit from.表示“从.中获益”。by doing表示“通过做.”。6. to【解析】be superior to.意为“比.好”，to为介词，是固定搭配。7. promoting【解析】commit oneself to doing.意为“使自己致力于做某事”，to为介词，故后面动词要改为-ing形式。8. operation【解析】句意为“定期维修可保持发动机的顺畅运转”。空格前有冠词the和形容词smooth，故空格处填名词形式。9. passionate【解析】be动词后用形容词用表语，passion为名词，。be passionate about意为“酷爱”。10. It【解析】本句中后面的that引导的实为主语从句，故空格处填it代替后面的主语从句作主语。四、 课文语法填空Through the work we do, our goals can 1. (attain)and our personal dreams achieved. All of us have had dreams about one thing or another and work often enables us to pursue those dreams.Wherever our interests may lie and whatever our career choices might be, work allows us the opportunity2. (be) engaged in something we are fond of and,consequently,can give us a sense of 3. (achieve)and great satisfaction.Work can also help develop our skills,thus 4. (provide)room for personal growth.In order to better adapt ourselves to new 5. (circumstance)，we must be ready and willing to acquire new skills and abilities.This can add 6. our sense of achievement and the knowledge that we are developing as individuals as we move along our 7. (choose)career path. Not only does work benefit us 8. (personal)，it also contributes to the health of society.At the most basic level,the 9. (difference)types of jobs are like gears in a machine.Moreover,there are people who choose to step out of their comfort zone 10. commit themselves to working for the benefit of others.Wherever life takes us and whatever choices are laid out before us,something worth remembering is that our work,when done well,will not only help us earn a living but also help make a life for ourselves and for others.【答案】1. be attained【解析】考查动词的语态。此处表示通过我们做的工作，我们的目标可以实现。主语goal与attain之间为动宾关系，故用被动语态。2. to be【解析】考查非谓语动词。opportunity to do sth. 意为“做某事的机会”。3. achievement【解析】考查名同。a sense of achievement表示“成就感”。4. providing【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词短语作结果状语，provide与其逻辑主语Work之间为主谓关系，故用现在分词形式。5. circumstances【解析】考查名词的数。circumstance在此表示“环境，状况”，为可数名词，常用复数形式。6. to【解析】考查介词。add to在此表示“增加”。7. chosen【解析】考查非谓语动词。空处作定语修饰career path,且与career path之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。8. personally【解析】考查副词。空处作状语，故用副词形式。9. different【解析】考查形容词。空处作定语修饰types,故用形容词形式。10. and【解析】查连词。分析句子结构可知，who引导定语从句，choose与commit并列作从句的谓语，故用连词and。五、 写出单词在各句中的中文意思1. allow(1) The children are not allowed to watch violent TV programmes.(2) You're allowed an hour to complete the test.(3) The compromise(妥协) will allow him to continue his free market reforms.(4) You need to allow three metres of fabric(布料) for the dress.(5) He refuses to allow that such a situation could arise.(6) It will take about an hour to get there, allowing for traffic delays.【答案】(1) (v.)允许，准许(2) (v.)给予(3) (v.)使可能，促使(4) (v.)(为某目的)留出(5) (v.)接受；承认；同意（某事属实或正确） (6) (v.)allow for考虑到，把.计算在内2. labour(1) The price will include the labour and materials.(2) Employers are using immigrants as cheap labour .(3) Jane was in labour for ten hours.(4) He was in his study labouring away over some old papers.(5) We laboured all day in the fields.【答案】(1) (U) 劳动；(尤指)体力劳动(2) (U) (统称)劳工，工人(3) (U)分娩期，分娩(4) (v.)努力做（困难的事） (5) (v.)干苦力活3. operate(1) Solar panels can only operate in sunlight.(2) What skills are needed to operate this machinery?(3) Illegal drinking clubs continue to operate in the city.(4) We will have to operate on his eyes.(5) Up to ten thousand Zimbabwean soldiers are operating in Mozambique.【答案】(1) (v.)运转，工作(2) (v.)操作，控制(3) (v.)经营，营业(4) (v.)做手术(5) (v.)作战，执行军事任务六、 根据括号内的提示补全句子1. 有人可能会说，我们工作是因为我们必须工作，尤其是因为我们需要薪水来实现经济独立。(教材原句回译)Some might say that , because we need .2. 事实上，可以说我们的教育是为了让我们为工作生活做好准备。(教材原句回译) Indeed, our education us for a life of work.3. 这份工作不仅会给我带来可观的薪水，并且能给我一个接触到很多专家的机会。(not only倒装) 4. 可以肯定的是，这些毕业生都可以胜任这份工作。(it作形式主语) 5. 无论我们选择什么职业，我们都要不断地提高我们的技能。(whatever引导从句) 6. 无论你是否会取得成功，我们都会全力支持你。(whether.or.) 7. 这位教授虽然已达九十三岁高龄，但思维仍然敏捷。(attain)The professor is still sharp in thought .8. 你认为人工智能会优于人类智能吗？(superior)Do you think ?9. 任何公司都不允许歧视女性雇员。(prejudice) 10. 他们在各自的领域都被视为专家。(respective) 【答案】参考译文1. 有人可能会说，我们工作是因为我们必须工作，尤其是因为我们需要薪水来实现经济独立。(教材原句回译)Some might say that we work because we have to, not least because we need the salary that enables us to be financially independent.2. 事实上，可以说我们的教育是为了让我们为工作生活做好准备。(教材原句回译) Indeed, it could be argued that our education is geared towards preparing us for a life of work.3. 这份工作不仅会给我带来可观的薪水，并且能给我一个接触到很多专家的机会。(not only倒装)Not only will the job bring me a good salary, but it also will offer me an opportunity to meet many experts.4. 可以肯定的是，这些毕业生都可以胜任这份工作。(it作形式主语)It is certain that all these graduates are competent in the job.5. 无论我们选择什么职业，我们都要不断地提高我们的技能。(whatever引导从句)Whatever jobs we will choose, we need to sharpen our skills constantly.6. 无论你是否会取得成功，我们都会全力支持你。(whether.or.)Whether you will meet with a success or not, we all do our best to support you.7. 这位教授虽然已达九十三岁高龄，但思维仍然敏捷。(attain)The professor is still sharp in thought though he has attained the ripe old age of 93.8. 你认为人工智能会优于人类智能吗？(superior)Do you think artificial intelligence will be superior to human intelligence?9. 任何公司都不允许歧视女性雇员。(prejudice)No companies are allowed to have prejudice against female employees.10. 他们在各自的领域都被视为专家。(respective)They are each recognized specialists in their respective fields.【Part B】 技能提升练习一、 阅读理解（2021·安徽·淮北师范大学附属实验中学高二期中）The life of an actor appears attractive and many young people dream about becoming one. But the truth is, it is very hard work. If you're successful, there are deadlines to be met, appointments to keep and the press to deal with. If you're not successful, then life is extremely tough. I remember when I started out, I had to search the advertisement board at my drama school every day to look for acting jobs. Drama school was expensive and I needed extra cash to help pay the fees. I welcomed every small job. I played extras in many crowd scenes and became a confident participant in a lot of TV commercials for hair shampoo, soap and washing powder. I had been working for about two years before I got my lucky break. One day, as I was passing the drama school, I decided to go in to check the notice board. There was nothing on it and I was just leaving when the secretary came along the corridor with a piece of paper. She asked me how I was and I told her life was hard and work was difficult to find. The next moment, she put the paper in my hand and walked away. My hands were shaking as I unfolded the paper, full of expectation. To my surprise, it was an audition (试演) for a clown (小丑) for the Canadian circus. I couldn't stop myself from laughing. I had expected an audition with a famous director for a new film!When I was at drama school, there had been a course in acrobatics and clown tricks. I had gained top marks in this course for originality and daring. Later I went to the audition feeling very strange. This was not what I'd had in mind when I enrolled in drama school. To my surprise, the job as a clown turned out to be exactly what I wanted. I loved every moment of getting dressed up and putting on the make-up. I had the opportunity to travel the world and I was more than an actor, I was an entertainer as well. I had visited over 32 different countries and entertained millions of people.1. The first paragraph is about how _ it is to be an actor, whether you're successful or not.AeasyBattractiveCenjoyableDdifficult2. According to paragraph 3, the writer went into the drama school _.Ato look for a jobBto see the secretaryCto collect a piece of paperDto put a notice on the notice board3. Which of the following can best describe the author's feeling when he unfolded the paper?AExtremely frightened.BFeeling anxious and excited.CVery worriedDTrembling with fear.4. Which of the following would be the best title?AThe Life of a TV ActorBAcrobatics and Clown TricksCMore than an ActorDGoing to Drama School【答案】D A B C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者如何从不断找工作到做了个小丑的经历，作者觉得扮演小丑挺好的，不仅能做演员，还能娱乐别人。1. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“But the truth is, it is very hard work. If you're successful, there are deadlines to be met, appointments to keep and the press to deal with. If you're not successful, then life is extremely tough.（但事实是，这是一项非常辛苦的工作。如果你成功了，你会遇到截止日期、约会和媒体。如果你没有成功，那么生活就会非常艰难。）”可知，第一段是关于当演员有多难，不管你成功与否。故选D。2. 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“One day, as I was passing the drama school, I decided to go in to check the notice board.（一天，当我经过戏剧学校时，我决定进去看看布告牌。）”可推知，作者去戏剧学校是为了找工作。故选A。3. 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“My hands were shaking as I unfolded the paper, full of expectation. To my surprise, it was an audition (试演) for a clown (小丑) for the Canadian circus. I couldn't stop myself from laughing.（当我满怀期待地打开报纸时，我的手在发抖。让我吃惊的是，这是一个加拿大马戏团的小丑试镜。我忍不住笑了起来。）”可知，当作者打开报纸时，感觉既紧张又兴奋。故选B。4. 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“I was more than an actor, I was an entertainer as well. I had visited over 32 different countries and entertained millions of people.（我不仅仅是一个演员，我也是一个艺人。我访问了32个不同的国家，娱乐了数百万人。）”可知，文章主要讲述了作者如何从不断找工作到做了个小丑的经历，作者觉得扮演小丑挺好的，不仅能做演员，还能娱乐别人。故选C。二、 完形填空（2022·吉林东丰·高二期末）For the first fourteen years of my life, I thought science was boring. As far as I could tell, science was a process of memorizing _1_ : the order of the planets, the names of clouds, etc. So instead I spent all my spare time reading and writing, and decided to be a _2_ when I grew up. This all _3_ in my first year of secondary school, when I met the periodic table(元素周期表) that I found amazing. In the next year, maths also became _4_ . So now I had a _5_ . I wasn't so interested in being a writer any more, and I _6_ liked maths and science. However, in my school, all the best maths and science students _7_ to be doctors; but I wasn't so excited about _8_ things. During this inner _9_ , something else was going on: I was becoming interested in the _10_ . This was mostly a _11_ of peer (同辈) pressure. There was a cool group of students, wh