英语 选择性必修四-【期中高二下】江苏省盐城市滨海中学2021-2022学年高二下学期期中英语试卷.docx

江苏省盐城市滨海中学2021-2022学年高二下学期期中英语试卷时间：120分钟 总分：150分第一部分 听力（共两节；满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）。听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. Why does the man want to get glasses?A. To be accepted. B. To look cooler. C. To see more clearly.2. Where does the conversation take place?A. In a car. B. On a plane. C. On a train. 3. Which language does the woman's grandmother speak to her?A. Italian. B. German. C. French.4. What will the man do next?A Go to work. B. Do some exercise. C. Eat lunch. 5. Who is the man probably talking to?A. His wife. B. A babysitter. C. The kids' teacher. 第二节（共15小题，每小题1. 5分，满分22.5分）。听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Why did the man get wet?A. He didn't take an umbrella. B. His friend didn't give him a ride. C. The woman forgot to pick him up. 7. What did the man worry the least?A. His shoes. B. His pants. C. His watch.听第7段材料，回答第 8至 10题。.8. What does school start?A. At 8: 40 a. m. B. At 8: 50 a. m. C. At 9: 00 a. m. 9. What does the woman give the boy?A. Some money. B. Some drinks. C. Some clothing. 10. How does the woman sound?A. Confident B. Worried. C. Relaxed. 听第8段材料，回答第11至 13题。11. Why does woman in a good mood?A. She just got a pay raise. B. She just bought a new hat. C. She will go on vacation soon. 12. What type of movie will the speakers see?A. A comedy. B. A love story. C. A thriller. 13. How will the speakers get home?A. By taxi. B. On foot. C. By subway. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14. Why is the train different from others?A. It is electric. B. It uses a special battery. C. It has no tracks. 15. Where was the first train like this built?A. In China. B. In Japan. C. In Germany. 16. Why does the train run so quietly?A. It uses metal wheels. B. It operates on solar power. C. It is built with modern materials.17. How does the man usually get to work?A. By car. B. By bicycle. C. By bus.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18. What are the minerals from the Dead Sea used for?A. Food. B. Swimming. C. Health products.19. What is the main reason for the Dead Sea to disappear?A. The little rainfall. B. Human use. C. Sink holes. 20. What is the new source of water for the Dead Sea?A. The Jordan River. B. The Red Sea. C. The Mu jib River.第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2 5分，满分37 5分）。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWhen you are visiting the Florida Panhandle, take a day to visit the four remarkable lighthouses on the “Forgotten Coast”. St. Marks LighthouseConstructed in 1842, it is located on the east side of the entrance to the St. Marks River. Over the years, oil, kerosene, and electricity have powered the lamp which could be seen up to 15 miles. In 1960, the light was automated. The tower is closed to climbing but the restored Keepers Quarters are open the first Friday and Saturday of each month, 10am4pm. Crooked River LighthouseThe lighthouse stands on the mainland. It is open, weather permitting, for climbs Wednesday through Friday 11 am4pm, Saturday 9am4pm and Sunday 1 pm4pm. The cost for climbing the lighthouse is $5 per person. All climbers must be at least 44 inches tall. Cape St. George LighthouseIt stands at the center of St. George Island. The beach erosion (侵蚀) caused its collapse on October 21, 2005. Dedicated volunteers saved more than 22, 000 original bricks from the ruins and with community support and public and private funding, it was successfully rebuilt. The lighthouse is open daily except Thursday. Climbing fees are $5 for adults; $3 for children. The lighthouse and gift shop are open daily 10am5 pm（Sunday: noon5pm; Thursday: closed). Cape San Bias LighthouseIt was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2015. Tower climbs are available($5 for adults, $3 for children over 44 inches tall and under age 12). It is open for climbing Wednesday through Saturday 11 am5pm. Call to ask about extended summer or holiday hours and be sure to visit its Sleeping Beauty Gift Shop, which offers a display of paintings of all Floridas lighthouses by Mary Alice Cullifer.1. When can tourists visit the Keepers Quarters of St. Marks Lighthouse?A. At 3pm, Feb 5, 2022.B. At 5pm, Mar 12, 2022.C. At 9am, Feb 5, 2022.D. At 11am, Mar 12, 2022.2. What can we learn about Cape St. George Lighthouse?A. It can be visited free of charge.B. It was rebuilt with joint efforts.C. It is open to visitors every day.D. It is not accessible for children.3. Which lighthouse allows extended hours?A. St. Marks Lighthouse.B. Crooked River Lighthouse.C. Cape St. George Lighthouse.D. Cape San Bias Lighthouse.【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。向游客介绍了几个非凡的灯塔。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据St. Marks Lighthouse部分“The tower is closed to climbing but the restored Keepers Quarters are open the first Friday and Saturday of each month, 10am4pm. (塔已经关闭，但修复后的看守室在每个月的第一个周五和周六上午10点到下午4点开放)”可知，2022年2月5日是周六，下午三点是在开放时间段内。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Cape St. George Lighthouse部分“Dedicated volunteers saved more than 22, 000 original bricks from the ruins and with community support and public and private funding, it was successfully rebuilt.(热心的志愿者们从废墟中拯救了超过22000块原砖，在社区和公共和私人资金的支持下，它被成功地重建了)”可知，Cape St. George Lighthouse是在很多人的努力下重建的。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Call to ask about extended summer or holiday hours and (可以打电话询问是否延长了暑假或假期的工作时间，)”可知，有时候Cape San Bias Lighthouse可能会延长营业时间。故选D项。BAs the Editor-in-Chief of Cosmopolitan magazine, Jessica Pels is responsible for managing the content of one of the worlds largest young womens media brands. Pels has ambitiously navigated her career to the top role relatively quickly, but the path she took wasnt traditional.Pels learnt ballet as a child and found her way to New York City dancing for a summer, but eventually gave up dance when she knew she “wasnt good enough to be a star”. She didnt give up her dream of working in the big city, though. Pels attended a film school at New York University and as a sophomore (大学二年级), got her first internship at The New Yorker. After graduation in 2008, many brands were in a hiring freeze. But Pels was not affected. She got a job doing communications for a charity.Six months into her first job, Pels got a job at Glamour Magazine to work for the Editor-in-Chief Cindy Levy. She would turn this first assistant role into her career, and finally found her way to Cosmopolitan, where she became the youngest editor-in-chief in the magazines history.Reflecting on her career and the worst advice shes ever received, Pels said it was “to say yes to everything”. It was a habit she had to learn to break. And while she acknowledges the importance of seizing opportunities, she doesnt think that strategically saying “no” would have been a damage to her career.She remembers the conversation with her boss Kate Lewis that changed her perspective on over-committing. “I had just started at Marie Claire as the digital director, and she said, I worry youre going to burn out because youre saying yes to everything and you are acting in such an aggressive way, and you need to take a step back and prioritize. And that really changed my life. I thought that was an incredible career moment.”4. Why did Jessica Pels give up dancing?A. She wasnt eager to be a star.B. She didnt want to practice hard.C. She didnt think she was a gifted dancer.D. She wanted to take an untraditional career.5. What happened after Jessica Pels graduated?A. She lost confidence in her future.B. She gave up her hobby of dancing.C. She was employed at The New Yorker.D. She succeeded in landing herself a job.6. What did Pels think was a barrier to her career?A. She always refused to help others.B. She didnt seize opportunities in time.C. She didnt know how to ask for advice.D. She seldom refused others requests.7. Which of the following can best describe Jessica Pels?A. Creative and generous.B. Ambitious and determined.C. Humorous and confident.D. Considerate and energetic.【答案】4. C 5. D 6. D 7. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了杰西卡佩尔斯在纽约经历了许多曲折，但最后靠努力终于成为时尚杂志主编的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“but eventually gave up dance when she knew she “wasnt good enough to be a star”(当她知道她不是那么优秀能成为明星时，他最终就放弃了舞蹈)”可知，她放弃舞蹈的原因是她认为自己不具有太高的舞蹈天分。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“After graduation in 2008, many brands were in a hiring freeze. But Pels was not affected. She got a job doing communications for a charity. (在2008年毕业以后，许多商标都处于招聘冻结的情况。但是佩尔斯没有受到影响。她在一家慈善机构找到了一份做沟通的工作）”可知她毕业以后成功地找到了工作。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Reflecting on her career and the worst advice shes ever received, Pels said it was “to say yes to everything”. (反思她的事业和她收到的最糟糕的建议是：接受一切）”可知，影响她事业的障碍是不会拒绝。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Pels has ambitiously navigated her career to the top role relatively quickly”（贝利雄心勃勃地在职业生涯中以相对较快的速度晋升到最高职位）根据第三段“She would turn this first assistant role into her career, and finally found her way to Cosmopolitan, where she became the youngest editor-in-chief in the magazines history. (她最初做助理，最后成为时尚杂志最年轻的主编）”可知，她是一个有远大志向的人。根据第二段“She didnt give up her dream of working in the big city, though. (不过，她没有放弃她想在大城市工作的梦想）”可知，她是一个一直坚定地人。故选B。CIn 1834 Cambridge University philosopher William Whewell coined the term “scientist” to describe someone who studies the structure and behavior of the physical and natural world through observation and experiment. You could conclude that the first modern scientist was someone like Charles Darwin or Michael Faraday, two iconic figures who also happened to be Whewells contemporaries.We could go back to the ancient Greeks all the way back to Thales of Miletus. Thales achieved much in both science and mathematics, yet he left no written record. Homer, a celebrated figure, received credit for many great achievements, but may never have existed at all. We could consider other ancient Greeks as well, such as Euclid, the father of geometry (几何学) or Ptolemy, the misguided astronomer. But all of these men relied on supposing instead of running experiments to prove or disprove hypotheses (假说).Christian Huygens, Robert Hooke and Isaac Newton fulfilled these requirements. But to find the first scientist, you have to travel to the earlier. You probably think of Galileo Galilei. He overturned Aristotles ideas on motion. Yet Galileo owed much to another person born 20 years earlier. His name was William Gilbert, a rather unknown figure in the history of science.Gilbert was born in 1544 in England and then attended Cambridge University. His work reached the peak in On the Magnet, Magnetic Bodies, and the Great Magnet of the Earth. In the books preface,Gilbert described the need for “sure experiments, observations and demonstrated arguments” instead of “conjectures (猜想) and the opinions of inference”. He also discussed the importance of conducting experiments carefully and skillfully. The scientists followed his advice and achieved a lot. Gilbert directly influenced Galileo, who nodded in affirmation (肯定) at Gilberts ideas about experimentation and observation. It is no wonder that Galileo claimed Gilbert to be the founder of the scientific method. This statement may be enough to confirm that Gilbert was the first modern scientist.8. What can we learn about Darwin, Faraday or Whewell according to the text?A. They are of about the same age.B. Whewell is more famous than Faraday.C. Whewell was born later than the other two.D. Faraday is better known than Darwin.9. Who probably had the biggest impact on Galileo Galilei?A. Isaac Newton.B. Robert Hooke.C. William Gilbert.D. Christian Huygens.10. How did Gilbert carry out his work in the authors opinion?A. He made summaries or analyses.B. He made conjectures or hypotheses.C. He discussed and argued with others.D. He did experiments and investigated.11. What does the author mainly tell us in this text?A. The definition of a scientist.B. Some scientists in the old days.C. Researches done by some famous scientists.D. The introduction of the first scientist.【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是谁可以被称为第一位科学家。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“You could conclude that the first modern scientist was someone like Charles Darwin or Michael Faraday, two iconic figures who also happened to be Whewells contemporaries.（你可以得出结论，第一个现代科学家是查尔斯·达尔文或迈克尔·法拉第这样的人，这两个标志性的人物恰好也是胡韦尔的同时代人。）”可知，Darwin, Faraday和 Whewell是同一个年代的人，故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Gilbert directly influenced Galileo, who nodded in affirmation at Gilberts ideas about experimentation and observation. It is no wonder that Galileo claimed Gilbert to be the founder of the scientific method. （吉尔伯特直接影响了伽利略，他对吉尔伯特关于实验和观察的观点点头表示肯定。难怪伽利略宣称吉尔伯特是科学方法的创始人。）”可知，威廉·吉尔伯特可能对伽利略·伽利雷影响最大，故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Gilbert described the need for “sure experiments, observations and demonstrated arguments” instead of “conjectures and the opinions of inference”. He also discussed the importance of conducting experiments carefully and skillfully. The scientists followed his advice and achieved a lot. Gilbert directly influenced Galileo, who nodded in affirmation at Gilberts ideas about experimentation and observation.（吉尔伯特描述了对“可靠的实验、观察和论证”的需求，而不是“猜想和推理的观点”。他还讨论了认真和熟练地进行实验的重要性。科学家们听从了他的建议，取得了很大的成就。吉尔伯特直接影响了伽利略，他对吉尔伯特关于实验和观察的观点点头表示肯定。）”可推断出，他做实验和调查来开展他的工作，故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“In 1834 Cambridge University philosopher William Whewell coined the term “scientist” to describe someone who studies the structure and behavior of the physical and natural world through observation and experiment. You could conclude that the first modern scientist was someone like Charles Darwin or Michael Faraday（1834年，剑桥大学哲学家威廉·胡韦尔创造了“科学家”这个词，用来描述通过观察和实验研究物理和自然世界的结构和行为的人。你可以得出结论，第一个现代科学家是查尔斯·达尔文或迈克尔·法拉第这样的人）”可知，本文讲的是哪位科学家可以被称为第一位科学家，即The introduction of the first scientist，故选D。DMy granddad often helped me make a tool to catch fish when I was young and we would spend hours along a river. It was lovely for both of us then. Many more of todays grandparents have a growing sense of adventure. And a trend is catching on: skip-gen travel grandparents taking fun-filled vacations with grand kids without their parents along.A survey found that 83% of grandparents put travel with their grand kids as the number one thing when they retire. Skip-gen travel gets popular for good reason. Kids have their lives enriched and learn outside classrooms. This is also a time of talking and sharing ideas.“How grandparents talk to children is different from how parents talk to them. Actually, I feel