英语 选择性必修四-Unit 2 Reading-（译林版2020选择性必修第四册）（解析版）.doc

译林高中英语选择性必修四Unit 2 课后培优练(Reading)【Part A】 基础知识练习一、 英汉互译1. 以直截了当的方式2. 赞成，同意某事3. 深入探讨，深入调查4. 作为回应5. move on6. 从某人的角度7. 获得尊重8. put yourself in sbs shoes 9. 调整自己的语气10. 面对面11. refer to 12. 是.的说明;(数量上)占 13. 使某人参与.14. 在两方面努力【答案】1. in a straightforward manner3. look a little deeper into5. 继续前进；换话题；开始做(别的事)7. gain respect9. make adjustments to your own tone 11. 提起，谈及；参考13. engage sb. in 2. approve of sth.4. in response (to)6. from ones perspective8. 处于某人的境地，设身处地10. face to face12. account for sth14. make efforts in two aspect二、 根据提示填写正确形式的词汇1. He (对折) his newspaper and handed it to me.2. He said the proposals would have to (批准) by the engineering department.3. I hope this statement has helped to (阐明) a few points.4. My father was a professional boxer, but at home with the family he was always quiet and g .5. Unfortunately, many companies are only concerned about short-term (利益).6. Dwight Silverman can receive electronic (邮件) via the Internet.7. Though the country is poor, the doctors and nurses are qualified and c .8. It is a difficult job and they should be paid (相应地).9. Someone in another car started making (手势) and pointing at our tires.10. The new networking system is fairly s - you shouldn't have any problems.11. The purpose of the audit is to identify a problem and to o (获得) objective data for analysis.12. You have my deepest s , and my thoughts are with you.13. It is difficult to know (准确地) how much impact the changes will have.14. She wore a black (西装) for the interview.15. Ned (作出反应) angrily to Bill's comments.16. Speaking generally, the space (企业) has served astronomy well.17. Every Friday, Mr James would hand out the students' essays and give them some f .18. Meanwhile, despite the presence of Alan, Rich Brooks is still trying to (谈判) privately with Jody.19. It would not be long before exhaustion and a lack of privacy erupted in painful (争执, 摩擦).20. “You must be Annie, ”he said in a friendly t .【答案】1. folded2. be approved3. clarify4. gentle5. gains6. mail7. competent8. accordingly9. gestures10. straightforward 11. obtain12. sympathy13. precisely14. suit15.  reacted16. enterprise17. feedback18. negotiate19. friction20. tone三、 单句语法填空1. Planning a wedding reception for over 1000 guests will be very (challenge).2. We didnt realize complex the situation was.3. The president has already given his (approve) to the plan.4. Customers want companies that are attentive their needs.5. The man was standing by the door, with his arms (cross).6. Gradually the band became more (knowledge) about the business dealings in the music industry.7. His refusal to talk to the media is but the latest example of his (interest) in assuming any leadership responsibilities.8. The girl looked at the boy with a (confuse) expression, without saying anything.9. His refusal to work late was interpreted a lack of commitment to the company.10. Giving examples is a commonly (use) technique to introduce a topic in a lecture.11. The (negotiate) with the company had reached a crucial stage.12. People reacted the speech in different ways.13. Amy received a warm welcome when (return) to the village last week.14. We have two ears and one mouth so that we can listen (two) as much as we speak.15. You must wear something (suit) - preferably black.【答案】1. challenging【解析】形容词作表语，表明主语“Planning a wedding reception over 1000 guests”是“具有挑战性的”。2. how 【解析】how+adj.引导宾语从句。3. approval【解析】his为形容性物主代词，后接名词。4. to 【解析】be attentive to 意为“对.关心的，对.关注的”5. crossed【解析】with的复合结构，后面动词要用非谓语形式，his arms与cross之间是被动关系，所以填过去分词形式。6. knowledgeable【解析】跟在系动词became后作表语，填形容词形式。7. disinterest【解析】根据句意“他拒绝接受媒体采访，这只是他不愿承担任何领导责任的最新例证”，可知填interest的反义词。8. confused【解析】修饰与人相关的事物，如表情，外貌，声音等用-ed结尾的形容词。9. as 【解析】be interpreted as 意为“被理解为”。10. used【解析】过去分词作定语。与被修饰词之间构成被动关系。11. negotiations【解析】句子缺主语，故填名词形式。12. to 【解析】react to 意为“对.作出反映”。13. returning【解析】状语从句的省略用法。省略后变成“连接词+非谓语动词”形式。非谓语动作与逻辑主语构成主动关系，所以填现在分词形式。14. twice【解析】twice as much as.是比较结构，表示“是.的两倍”，故填twice。15. suitable【解析】修饰前面的复合不定代词，故填形容词形式。四、 选择短语填空account for; as to; in response; refer to; function as; move on; engage in; approve of1. Industry leaders want scientists to  fundamental research.2. We then to consider in detail two studies of the demand for sport that have been carried out in Britain.3. A library is a temporary hospital to cope with the casualties(伤员).4. In the whole of 1995, imports 58 % compared with 57 % in 1994.5. He gave the speech without his notes.6. Do you  doctors using human embryos(胚胎) for research?7. Frank was very uncertain whether it was the right job for him.8. to local demand, we will be opening this store from nine till seven on Sundays.【答案】1. engage in参加，参与2. move on (结束某时候)改做别事3. functioning as 充当4. accounted for(数量、比例)占5. referring to 参考6. approve of 赞成7. as to 至于，关于8. in response 回应，应对五、 课文语法填空Communication is the process of exchanging information between a sender and a receiver. This communication process can be challenging but, with practice and patience,you can become a highly competent 1. (communicate). To accomplish this, you need to know with 2. you are communicating.Depending on whether you are communicating with a stranger, friend, family member or co-worker, you will need to decide which communication channel best suits the situation.Furthermore,you 3. (need)to determine the appropriate style to use and how complex your choice of words should be.Your body language is 4. (equal)important.A smile shows you are attentive to the issue you are discussing, while looking away with your arms 5. (fold)can indicate disinterest and create distrust or cause friction. Additionally, you should not ignore the other person's body language, which will give you clues as to 6. the conversation is going well or not.What's more,we should attach importance 7. the value of empathy. Seek to understand the other person's emotions,by putting 8. (you) in their shoes and looking at the situation from their perspective.Effective communication will enable you 9. (settle) differences and disagreements appropriately and improve your interactions with others.Good communication skills will also help you build trust and gain other people's respect, 10. (allow)relationships to become more positive and productive.【答案】1. communicator【解析】考查名词。此处意为“一个杰出的沟通者”，故填communicator。2. whom【解析】考查宾语从句引导词。此处引导词在从句中作介词后的宾语，所以填whom。3. will need【解析】考查谓语动词的时态。根据前文., you will need to decide which.可知，此处时态保持一致，用一般将来时，故填will need。4. equally【解析】考查副词。此处修饰形容词important,故填equally。5. folded【解析】考查非谓语动词。with的复合结构，后面动词要用非谓语形式，your arms与fold之间是被动关系，所以填过去分词形式folded。6. whether【解析】考查宾语从句引导词。此处表示“是否”的含义，故填whether。7. to【解析】考查介词。attach importance to为固定搭配，表示“重视.”。8. yourself【解析】考查代词。put yourself in sbs shoes意为“设身处地”。9. to settle【解析】考查非谓语动词。enable sb. to do sth.意为“使某人能够做某事”。10. allowing【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，allow和逻辑主语是主动关系，故填现在分词形式。六、 写出单词在各句中的中文意思1. react(1) Local residents have reacted angrily to the news.(2) Someone allergic(过敏的) to milk is likely to react to cheese.(3) Iron reacts with water and air to produce rust(铁锈).【答案】(1) (v.)（对）作出反应；回应 (2) (v.)产生不良反应;过敏 (3) (v.)起化学反应；发生化学变化 2. suit(1) The restaurant seemed to be filled with men in grey suits.(2) The bank said it discovered the wrongdoing last May and later filed suit against him.(3) Efforts to persuade the remainder to follow suit have continued.(4) The weather here suits me fine.(5) They found us a house close to the campus, which suited us very well.(6) That dress would really suit Annie.(7) He can suit his conversation to whoever he's with.【答案】(1) (n.)西装(2) (n.)诉讼，讼案(3) (n.)follow suit跟着做，仿效(4) (vt.)适合，适宜(5) (vt.)满足（某人）需要；合（某人）心意 (6) (vt.)(尤指服装、颜色等) 相配；合身 (7) (vt.) suit sth. to sth./sb. 使适合（或适应）某事物（或人） 七、 根据括号内的提示补全句子1. 当从陌生人嘴里说出来时，他们起着引起注意的作用。(教材原句回译)When , they can 2. 我们交流的很多内容不仅取决于我们使用的词语，还取决于我们如何使用它们。(教材原句回译)Much of is dependent 3. 记住，你最好比约定的时间早十分钟到那里。 4. 如果你能站在我的立场上帮我想想我应该怎样处理这件事情，我将感激不尽。Id really appreciate it and tell me 5. 我们将不得不认真考虑此事了。(consideration) 6. 一项调查表明，人们对该吃什么才能保持健康这个问题感到困惑。(confused)A survey showed people 7. 你能解释下你那天晚上的表现吗？(account) 8. 我会就这个问题直接和他们谈判。(negotiate) 9. 误解使这对年轻夫妇之间摩擦不断。(friction) 10. 我父母不赞成我独自旅游的计划。(approve) 【答案】参考译文1. 当从陌生人嘴里说出来时，他们起着引起注意的作用。(教材原句回译)When spoken by a stranger, they can function as a means of attracting your attention.2. 我们交流的很多内容不仅取决于我们使用的词语，还取决于我们如何使用它们。(教材原句回译)Much of what we communicate is dependent not only on the words we use, but also on how we use them. 3. 记住，你最好比约定的时间早十分钟到那里。Keep in mind that youd better arrive there 10 minutes before the appointed time.4. 如果你能站在我的立场上帮我想想我应该怎样处理这件事情，我将感激不尽。Id really appreciate it if you could put yourself in my shoes and tell me how I can deal with this situation.5. 我们将不得不认真考虑此事了。(consideration)Well have to give serious consideration to this matter.6. 一项调查表明，人们对该吃什么才能保持健康这个问题感到困惑。(confused)A survey showed people were confused about what they should eat to stay healthy.7. 你能解释下你那天晚上的表现吗？(account)Can you account for your behavior on that night?8. 我会就这个问题直接和他们谈判。(negotiate)Ill negotiate directly with them about the issue.9. 误解使这对年轻夫妇之间摩擦不断。(friction)Misunderstandings caused constant friction between the young couple.10. 我父母不赞成我独自旅游的计划。(approve)My parents dont approve of my plan to travel alone.【Part B】 技能提升练习一、 阅读理解（2021·江西·南城一中高二月考）As we all know, any countries have their own languages. Even people speaking the same language have distinct dialects that are rooted in their history and culture, so whether you say "soda" or "pop" may reveal what country and what region you are from. What you call the night before Halloween may tie to your religious beliefs. What kind of slang (俚语) you use may come from the customs of the community you grew up in. Languages also show connections between us and our natural environments. Plants and animals that are given names in any language are generally those that are relevant to people speaking the language. The relevance comes from the way that the people have interacted (交互) with the animals and plants, in some cases over centuries.While we might think of languages as having a stereotyped set of words and rules that we learn in school, in fact languages are always developing. New words appear while others fall out of use and pronunciation changes over time as does the meaning of words. People also borrow words from other languages to complement(补充) their own vocabulary.Our ability to learn languages develops when we are young. Sounds heard as babies, or even in the womb(子宫), set the stage for language learning later. Baby cooing(喔啊声) is the result of babies analysis of the languages spoken to them. Babies are practicing the pronunciation and recognition of sounds that they need for communication. Children exposed to different languages early in life and growing up with various kinds of languages around them always develop better cognitive (认知的)functions, such as the ability to focus and ignore distractions(使人分心的事). Languages are as diverse as the communities that speak them and each of the about 7,000 world languages is a piece of evidence of a community's unique human experience. Yet, many languages around the world are endangered and as many as half of the world's languages could go silent by the end of this century. The reasons are that the speakers always receive social inequalities and disrespect from others and thus so do their language.1. What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?A. Languages are influenced by our habits.B. Religion plays a key role in languages.C. Languages reveal who we are as humans.D. Languages vary from country to country.2. What does the underlined word "stereotyped" probably mean?A. New.B. Fixed.C. Changing.D. Complete.3. What can we know from the passage?A. Babies enjoy themselves by cooing.B. We begin to learn languages before we were born.C. Babies learn the pronunciation and sounds quickly.D. Children benefit a lot from early exposure to languages.4. Why will many languages in the world go silent?A. They are not worth speaking from now on.B. The official languages are always respected.C. The speakers choose to speak popular languages.D. The speakers' social positions change for the worse.【答案】CBDD【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了语言和人类发展的关系。1. 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“As we all know, any countries have their own languages.What kind of slang (俚语) you use may come from the customs of the community you grew up in.（我们都知道，任何国家都有自己的语言。即使说同一种语言的人也有根植于他们的历史和文化的独特方言，所以你说的是“汽水”还是“汽水”可能揭示了你来自哪个国家和地区。你所谓的万圣节前夜可能和你的宗教信仰有关。你使用什么样的俚语可能来自你成长的社区的风俗习惯。）可知，第一段主要讲述了语言揭示了我们作为人类的本质。故选C。2. 词句猜测题。While意为“尽管“，前后文为转折关系，结合下文“ in fact languages are always developing（事实上，语言总是在不断发展的）”可推知，“a stereotyped set of words and rules”意为“一套固定的词汇和规则”。stereotyped意为“固定的”。故选B。3. 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Children exposed to different languages early in life and growing up with various kinds of languages around them always develop better cognitive functions, such as the ability to focus and ignore distractions.（儿童从小接触不同的语言，并在各种语言的环境下成长，总能发展出更好的认知功能，比如集中注意力和忽略干扰的能力。）可知，儿童从早期接触语言中获益良多。故选D。4. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The reasons are that t