英语 选择性必修四-Unit 4 Reading-（译林版2020选择性必修第四册）（解析版）.docx

译林高中英语选择性必修四Unit 4 课后培优练(Reading)【Part A】 基础知识练习一、 英汉互译1. 一定会，很可能会 2. 与步调一致，与并驾齐驱3. 订阅；定期订购；同意，赞成4. 以口头方式被呈现5. 暴露，接触6. 利用7. 总之8. draw a still life9. 给.留下印象10. 对.重要11. 思想开明12. 评判性思维13. 在一个不断变化的世界中14. 提升自我价值感15. inductive reasoning16. 换言之17. 从特殊到一般18. 调查，查究19. wonder at.20. 一丝可能性【答案】1. be bound to2. keep pace with sb/sth 3. subscribe to4. is presented in a verbal manner5. be exposed to 6. take advantage of.7. in summary8. 画一幅静物画9. be impressed on/upon10. be important/vital to.11. have an open mind12. critical thinking13. in a world of constant change14. boost your sense of self-worth15. 归纳推理16. in other words17. from the particular to the general18. inquire into19. 惊叹，对.惊奇20. a remote possibility of.二、 根据提示填写正确形式的词汇1. Confucius is considered as the greatest e in China.2. Mr. Smith uses (有形的) objects to teach addition and subtraction.3. The architect was asked to explain the (理性的观点，论证) behind his new design.4. It is universally a (承认) that lifelong learning is essential and beneficial.5. These are intended to be a cheap, quick and informal way for customers to r disputes(争端).6. Our main (目标) was the recovery of the child safe and well.7. There is no reason to suppose that what goes on in one (领域) is necessarily relevant to what goes on in another.8. Social services departments were strongly (批评) in the 1980s for not taking more effective action to protect children at risk.9. We could put some of the pictures over on that b wall over there.10. About 60 percent of U.S. households already (订阅，订购) to cable TV(有线电视).11. He was caught up in frightening events far beyond his (理解力).12. Several people have phoned the personnel department to i about the position.13. The paintings of each series differ in terms of color and (构图).14. It's a(n) (抽象的)design that's supposed to represent freedom and strength.15. Basic trust is necessary to develop inner security and a feeling of (自我价值感).16. We're not sure whether we still want to p (继续做，接着做) with the sale.17. You can always take a few days off immediately before the exam to rest and (使恢复精力) yourself.18. The factory has now c production and will close next month.19. This discovery was p (视为，认为) as a major breakthrough.20. The company, New England Electric, burns coal to g (产生) power.【答案】1. educator2. concrete3. reasoning4. acknowledged5. resolve 6. objective7. domain8. criticized9. blank10. subscribe11. comprehension12. inquire13. composition14. abstract 15. self-worth16. proceed17. refresh18. ceased19. perceived20. generate三、 单句语法填空1. Tom's parents were highly (criticize) of the school.2. After drinking a cup of strong coffee, he felt (refresh).3. At that time we had to make the (assume) that the diseasewas spreading and take action to stop it.4. I resolved (keep) quiet about what I had heard, since it would only cause trouble.5. She abstracted the main points the argument.6. Everyone is born with the ability (learn).7. Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill which school education depends.8. The (hard)you work, the more achievements you will get.9. We must (constant) adapt and innovate to ensure success in a growing market.10. There is no need for us (worry)about it if something has occurred.【答案】1. critical【解析】句意：汤姆的父母对学校提出了强烈的批评。be critical of.意为“对.挑剔的/批评的”2. refreshed【解析】句意：喝了一杯浓咖啡后，他感到精神振奋。根据句意，应使用-ed结尾的形容词。3. assumption【解析】句意：当时我们不得不假设疾病正在传播，并采取行动阻止它。空格前有the，且作make的宾语，并填名词形式。4. to keep【解析】句意：我决定对所听到的保持沉默，因为这只会带来麻烦。resolve to do表示“决心/决定做某事”。5. from【解析】句意：她从辩论中提炼出要点。abstract . from.意为“从.中摘录/提取/分离.”。6. to learn【解析】句意：每个人天生具有学习的能力。ability后接不定式作定语。the ability to do sth,意为“做某事的能力”。7. upon/on【解析】句意：一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。本题考查“介词+which”结构引导定语从句。后文中有depend, depend on/upon为固定搭配，故填on/which。8. harder【解析】句意：你越努力，你获得成就就会越多。本题考查“the+比较级., the+比较级.”（越.就越.）句型。9. constantly【句意】句意：我们必须不时地适应并创新，以确保在不断扩大的市场中取得成功。空格处修饰后面的动词adapt，故填副词形式。10. to worry【解析】句意：如果事情已经发生了，我们没有必要再担忧了。四、 课文语法填空There is always new knowledge to acquire and new skills to develop in our life,so 1. is vital to remain lifelong learners in a rapidly 2. (change)world.As you progress through life,you may study and work in new environments.Consequently,you will be exposed 3. many new ideas,beliefs,practices and learning 4. (experience).Furthermore,the production of knowledge is bound5. (grow)rapidly.Then how can you proceed as a lifelong learner?Firstly,lifelong learning is 6. attitude.Be objective 7. make yourself open to new knowledge and ideas.Secondly,take advantage of opportunities for lifelong learning.Finally, understand that it is not sufficient to 8. (simple)know something or to understand 9. you know,because for knowledge to have concrete value,it must 10. (apply). In summary,in a world of constant changes,one should never cease to learn.【答案】1. it2. changing3. to4. experiences5. to grow6. an7. and8. simply9. whatl0. be applied【解析】1. 考查代词。分析句子结构可知，to remain lifelong learners in a rapidly 2. (change)world为真正的主语，故应用it作形式主语。2. 考查非谓语动词。由句意可知，空处表示"变化的”，在句中作定语，修饰world;而world与change之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故填changing.3. 考查介词。be exposed to在此意为“使接触”，故填to。4. 考查名词的数。由句意可知，experience在此表示“经历”为可数名词，再结合前面的many可知，此处应用复数形式，故填experiences。5. 考查非谓语动词。be bound to do sth“一定会做某事，很可能会做某事”。6. 考查冠词。attitude在此是可数名词，表泛指，空处应填不定冠词，而attitude的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。7. 考查连词。句意：保持客观，并乐于接受新知识和新想法。空格前后是并列关系，用and连接。8. 考查副词。分析句子成分可知，空处修饰谓语，故填副词simply9. 考查连词。由句意及句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，在句中表示"的东西"，故填what。10. 考查语态。由句意可知，it指代knowledge,空处所在的句子意为“知识必须被运用”，it与apply之间为动宾关系，且空前有情态动词must,故填be applied.。五、 写出单词在各句中的中文意思1. resolve(1) We must find a way to resolve these problems before it's too late.(2) She resolved to report the matter to the hospital's nursing manager.(3) First, we can resolve a complex argument into its basic elements.(4) The difficulties in her way merely strengthened her resolve.【答案】(1) (v.)解决(2) (v.)决定，决心(3) (v.)resolve.into. (使)分解成(4) (n.) 决心；坚定的信念 2. refresh(1) He refreshed himself with a cool shower.(2) Many view these meetings as an occasion to share ideas and refresh friendship.(3) He had to refresh his memory by looking at his notes.(4) Click here to refresh this document.【答案】(1) (v.) 使恢复精力；使凉爽 (2) (v.)使变新(3) (v.)使想起，提醒 (4) (v.)刷新（网页）3. register(1) The ship was registered in Panama.(2) China has registered a protest over foreign intervention(干涉).(3) Shock registered on everyone's face.(4) I told her my name, but it obviously didn't register.(5) Could you sign the hotel register please, sir?(6) The essay suddenly switches from a formal to an informal register.(7) He still stood behind his cash register stuffing his mouth with popcorn.【答案】(1) (v.)登记，注册(2) (v)(正式地或公开地）发表意见，提出主张(3) (v.) 流露出；显得；表达出 (情感)(4) (v.)注意到；记住；受到注意 (常用于否定句)(5) (n.)登记表，登记簿(6) (n.)语体风格，语域(7) (n.)cash register收银机，现金出纳机六、 根据括号内的提示补全句子1. 在瞬息万变的世界中，终身学习是至关重要的。(教材原句回译) 2. 这并不是说你没有必要在学校学习，而是要承认，用终身学习来更新你的知识是必要而且有益的。(教材原句回译)This is not to suggest that 3. 其次，利用终身学习的机会例如，你可以在线注册，订阅在线学习课程，近年来这类课程越来越受欢迎。(教材原句回译)Secondly, for lifelong learningfor example, you could , 4. 当局不再支持残疾人不适宜做教师的观点。(subscribe)The authorities disabled people are unsuitable as teachers.5. 为了与时俱进，我们需要通过不断的学习来更新自己的知识。(refresh) 6. 现如今，科技影响着我们生活的方方面面，以至于我们离不开社交媒体。(extent)Nowadays, technology impacts , 7. 对于学生们来说，参加太多的校外培训课程是没有必要的。 8. 他总能找到一些没有人曾看过或注意到的小玩意(gadget)(省略关系词的定语从句) 9. 无论你遇到多少挑战都不要放弃。(however引导的状语从句) 10. 当我参观那家博物馆是，让我印象深刻的是，它有着壮丽的(magnificent)大厅，陈列着成百上千的艺术珍品(treasure)。(it作形式主语)When I visited the museum, 【答案】参考译文1. 在瞬息万变的世界中，终身学习是至关重要的。(教材原句回译)It is vital to remain lifelong learners in a rapidly changing world. 2. 这并不是说你没有必要在学校学习，而是要承认，用终身学习来更新你的知识是必要而且有益的。(教材原句回译)This is not to suggest that there is no need for you to study in school but to acknowledge that refreshing yourknowledge through lifelong learning is both essential and beneficial.3. 其次，利用终身学习的机会例如，你可以在线注册，订阅在线学习课程，近年来这类课程越来越受欢迎。(教材原句回译)Secondly, take advantage of opportunities for lifelong learningfor example, you could register online and subscribe to e-learning courses, which have become increasingly popular in recent years.4. 当局不再支持残疾人不适宜做教师的观点。(subscribe)The authorities no longer subscribe to the view that disabled people are unsuitable as teachers.5. 为了与时俱进，我们需要通过不断的学习来更新自己的知识。(refresh)To keep pace with the times, we must refresh our knowledge by keeping learning.6. 现如今，科技影响着我们生活的方方面面，以至于我们离不开社交媒体。(extent)Nowadays, technology impacts every aspect of our lives, to the extent that we can not do anything without social media.7. 对于学生们来说，参加太多的校外培训课程是没有必要的。There is no need for students to attend too many off-campus training courses.8. 他总能找到一些没有人曾看过或注意到的小玩意(gadget)(省略关系词的定语从句)He can always find some gadgets no one has ever seen or noticed.9. 无论你遇到多少挑战都不要放弃。(however引导的状语从句)However many challenges you meet, never give up.10. 当我参观那家博物馆是，让我印象深刻的是，它有着壮丽的(magnificent)大厅，陈列着成百上千的艺术珍品(treasure)。(it作形式主语)When I visited the museum, it was impressed on me that it had a magnificent hall and hundreds of art treasures were displayed there.【Part B】 技能提升练习一、 阅读理解（2021·上海金山·一模）A recent survey conducted by the Pew Research Centre showed that a mere 16% of Americans think that a four-year degree course prepares students very well for a high-paying job in the modern economy. But technology also seems to be complicating the picture.A paper published by a trio (三人小组) of Canadian economists, Paul Beaudry, David Green and Benjamin Sand, questions optimistic assumptions about demand for non-routine work and shows that since 2000 the share of employment accounted for by high-skilled jobs in America has been falling. This analysis supports the view that technology has come as a blow to employment. Skilled and unskilled workers alike are in trouble. Those with a better education are still more likely to find work, but there is now a fair chance that it will be unenjoyable. Those who never made it to college face being squeezed out of the workforce altogether. This is the argument of the techno-pessimists.There is another, less pessimistic possibility. James Bessen, an economist at Boston University, finds that since 1980 employment has been growing faster in occupations that use computers than in those that do not. Partial automation can actually increase demand by reducing costs. But even though technology may not destroy jobs in all, it does force change upon many people.In many occupations it has become essential to acquire new skills as established ones become out-of-date. Burning Glass Technologies, a Boston-based startup that analyses labor markets by obtaining data from online job advertisements, finds that the biggest demand is for new combinations of skillswhat its boss, Matt Sigelman, calls “hybrid jobs”. The composition of new jobs is also changing rapidly.A college degree at the start of a working career does not answer the need for the continuous acquisition of new skills, especially as career spans (持续时间) are lengthening. Vocational training is good at giving people job-specific skills, but those, too, will need to be updated over and over again during a career lasting decades. Vocational training has a role, but training someone early to do one thing all their lives is not the answer to lifelong learning.Add all of this up, and it becomes clear that times have got tougher for workers of all kinds. A college degree is still a prerequisite (必备条件) for many jobs, but employers often do not trust it enough to hire workers just on the strength of that, without experience. In many occupations workers on company payrolls face the prospect that their existing skills will become outdated, yet it is often not obvious how they can gain new ones.1. We can learn from the paper conducted by the Canadian economists that _.Aemployment has been shaken by technologyBcollege degree is a necessity in career successCskilled workers are no longer required in most American industriesDtechno-pessimism paves the way for future technology development2. James Bessen believes that _.Aincreased demand can bring about cost reductionBprogressive automation is beneficial to companiesCtechnology advancement has a positive impact on most peopleDcomputer has always been an essential factor in employment3. Burning Glass Technologies is mentioned as an example to show that _.Aonline job advertisements require a precise data analysisBacquisition of new skills is essential in current job marketCthe composition of new jobs is shaped by technologyDMatt Sigelman predicts a bright future of job market4. Which of the following is the best title for the text?ALifelong Learning: an Economic PriorityBTechnology Revolution: the Way to SuccessCCollege Degree: a Guarantee for Career ChangeDVocational Training: a Blessing for Job Seekers【答案】ABBA【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在现代经济时代大学文凭仍然是找工作的先决条件，但是现有技术可能会过时，要不断获取新技能。1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“This analysis supports the view that technology has come as a blow to employment.（这一分析支持了一种观点，即技术已经对就业造成了打击。）”可知，我们可以从加拿大经济学家的论文中了解到就业受到了科技的冲击。故选A项。2. 细节理解题。根据第三段“James Bessen, an economist at Boston University, finds that since 1980 employment has been growing faster in occupations that use computers