英语 选择性必修四-【期中高二下】江苏省南通市2021-2022学年高二下学期期中统考英语试卷.docx

江苏省南通市20212022学年高二下学期期中统考英语试卷第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What is the man going to do after school today?A. Have dinner with the woman. B. Do his homework at school. C. Teach his brother math.2. Where is the man right now?A. On the subway. B. In a taxi. C. On the train.3. Why does the man want to stay inside today?A. The temperature is too high. B. He is very exhausted. C. Its too cloudy outside.4. Who is Mr. Parker?A. The womans classmate. B. The womans teacher. C. The womans boss.5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. A surprise party. B. Todays weather. C. The womans trip to London.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Where is he man going tonight?A. To the Japanese Bar. B. To the Italian Diner. C. To the Indian Deli.7. What will the speakers do together?A. Have dinner. B. Go to a party. C. Visit the mans cousin.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. What is the womans newest hobby?A. Running. B. Swimming. C. Playing tennis.9. How often does the man go to the gym?A. Every day. B. Once a week. C. Twice a month.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. Whats the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Boss and employee. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student.11. How long will Jane stay in Sydney?A. For one month. B. For ten days. C. For one week.12. Why is Jane going to New York?A. To go to school. B. To have a holiday. C. To have job interviews.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. Why does the woman want to become a teacher?A. Shes inspired by a teacher.B. Shes attracted to the holidays.C. Shes influenced by her family.14. What does being a teacher allow people to do according to the woman?A. Make positive influence. B. Earn much money. C. Meet good students.15. How does the woman feel about the challenge of being a teacher?A. She has doubts about it. B. She finds it very hard. C. She would enjoy it16. What is the woman mainly doing probably at the moment?A. Shes studying at a college.B. Shes studying for getting a teaching certificate.C. Shes working full time at a kindergarten.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. Where is Alberta located?A. In eastern Canada. B. In western Canada. C. In central Canada.18. When did Alberta become an official province of Canada?A. In 1867. B. In 1905. C. In 1950.19. Which products of Alberta have a big market around the world?A. Beef. B. Wool. C. Crops.20. What is the weather usually like in Alberta in the winter?A. Snowy. B. Rainy. C. Warm.第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AYosemite National Park has long been a place of inspiration for artists, climbers, and nature lovers.Yosemite FallsRepeatedly coming into view over treetops and around corners as you drive through the valley, the falls look different from every angle, and its impossible to take your eyes off. You dont have to hike or even get out of your car to appreciate this waterfall, but the most complete view of the falls is from the start of the Yosemite Falls hike, along the route on the left side of the river. You can walk right to the bass of the falls with minimum effort and feel the mist sweeping over you.Half DomeHalt Dome is one of Yosemites most famous sites and particularly well-know in the climbing world for being one of the first “big climbs”. This granite icon (花岗岩雕像) looks much different depending on the angle you are viewing it from. Looking up at the sheer rock face from the valley, you can appreciate why climbers have been drawn here. The best place to view it is from the lookout at Glacier Point. From here, you get a true picture of the rock and how much higher it stands than the surrounding mountains.EI CapitanPopular among climbers, EI Capitan is a 3,000-footsheer rock face on the north side of Yosemite Valley. Although it may not seem like it, EI Capitan is actually 1,000 feet higher than the face of Half Dome. EI Capitan gained interest with the free solo climb of Alex Honnold in June of 2017, and the Academy Award winning documentary film, Free Solo. He became the first person to climb EI Capitan without ropes, and completely unaided.Tunnel ViewThe most classic view of Yosemite Valley is from Tunnel View. This vista, which will feel very familiar to most climbers, stretches out to EI Capitan on the left, Bridalveil Fall on the right, Half Dome in the distance, and also takes in the lush valley at the base of the huge granite walls. The best time to appreciate this scene is in the afternoon, when the walls are bathed in sunlight.1. Which place can you walk to without much effort?A. Yosemite Falls.B. Half Dome.C. EI Capitan.D. Tunnel View.2. What do Half Dome and EI Capitan have in common?A. They have their granite icons.B. They are well received by climbers.C. They are actually of the same height.D. They rise to fame because of a celebrity.3. What may attract tourists to Tunnel View?A. The lush valley of it at the base.B. The beautiful afternoon scenery.C. Easy access to all the tourist spots.D. The short distance from Half Dome.【答案】1. A 2. B 3. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。约塞米蒂国家公园长期以来一直是艺术家、登山者和自然爱好者的灵感之地，文章对此处进行了介绍。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“Yosemite Falls”部分第二句和第三句“You dont have to hike or even get out of your car to appreciate this waterfall, but the most complete view of the falls is from the start of the Yosemite Falls hike, along the route on the left side of the river. You can walk right to the bass of the falls with minimum effort and feel the mist sweeping over you.”(你不需要徒步旅行，甚至不需要下车就能欣赏到这个瀑布，但最完整的瀑布景观是从约塞米蒂瀑布徒步旅行的起点开始的，沿着河流左侧的路线。你可以不费吹灰之力就走到瀑布的底部，感觉雾在你身上扫过。)可知，约塞米蒂瀑布可以轻松走到。故选A。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据“Half Dome”部分第一句“Halt Dome is one of Yosemites most famous sites and particularly well-know in the climbing world for being one of the first “big climbs”.”(Halt Dome是约塞米蒂国家公园最著名的景点之一，尤其因其是最早的“大攀登点”之一而闻名于登山界。)和“EI Capitan”部分第一句“Popular among climbers, EI Capitan is a 3,000-footsheer rock face on the north side of Yosemite Valley.”(EI Capitan在登山者中很受欢迎，它是约塞米蒂山谷北侧3000英尺高的陡峭岩壁。)可知，Half Dome和EI Capitan都在登山者中很受欢迎。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“Tunnel View”部分第二句“This vista, which will feel very familiar to most climbers, stretches out to EI Capitan on the left, Bridalveil Fall on the right, Half Dome in the distance, and also takes in the lush valley at the base of the huge granite walls.”(对大多数登山者来说，这片风景都非常熟悉，左边是EI Capitan，右边是Bridalveil Fall，远处是Half Dome，还有巨大的花岗岩墙底部郁郁葱葱的山谷。)可知，底部郁郁葱葱的山谷可能会吸引游客来Tunnel View。故选A。BFifteen years ago, when darkness used to fall in Yobe Nkosi, a remote village in northern Malawi, children did their school homework by candlelight: There was no electricity. But that started to change in 2006, when villager Colrerd Nkosi finished secondary school in Mzimba, and returned homeand found he could no longer live without power.Aged 23 at the time, Nkosi soon figured out that a stream gushing past the house where he grew up had just enough force to push the pedals on his bicycle. He created a makeshift generator (临时发电机) that brought power into his home. Word spread quickly among the cluster of brick houses and neighbours began paying regular visits to charge their mobile phones. “I started getting requests for electricity and decided to upgrade,” said Nkosi, now 38.With no prior training, he turned an old fridge compressor into a water-powered turbine and put it in a nearby river, generating electricity for six households. Today, the village is supplied by a bigger turbine, built from the motor of a disused maize seller (玉米剥粒机). The power is carried along metal cables strung from a two-kilometre line of tree trunks topped with wooden planks.The users pay no fee for the power but give Nkosi some money for maintenanceslightly more than $1 per household per month. “The electricity is basically free,” Nkosi said, speaking in local Chichewa. He admitted that the maintenance income was too small to cover repair costs, which he mainly funded from his own pocket.Despite the challenges, he is determined to expand his mini-grid to surrounding areas. “Once more villages and schools have electricity, people will no longer cut down trees for charcoal,” he said. “Students will have a lot more time to study.”As dusk settles over Kasangazi Primary School, chatty groups of learners file into a classroom for a night-time study session. “Before we had electricity here, we used to use candles to study,” said student Gift Mfune, “Now we all have no excuse but to pass our examinations,” he exclaimed.4. Why did the temporary generator need updating?A. To make much more money.B. To meet more peoples needs.C. To attract more peoples visits.D. To charge more mobile phones.5. What can we know about the students in Kasangazi Primary School?A. They show no concern for their exams.B. They take little interest in their studies.C. They feel grateful to Nkosi for his help.D. Theyre sure to have a promising future.6. Which words can best describe Nkosi?A. Determined and generous.B. Easy-going and courageous.C. Open-minded and tolerant.D. Intelligent and cooperative.7. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?A. The Founding of a Power StationB. The Contribution of a Young ManC. The Situation of a Primary SchoolD. The Development of a Poor Village【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一个名为恩科西的年轻人发明了临时发电机，帮助村民供电的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“He created a makeshift generator (临时发电机) that brought power into his home. Word spread quickly among the cluster of brick houses and neighbours began paying regular visits to charge their mobile phones. “I started getting requests for electricity and decided to upgrade,” said Nkosi, now 38.”（他发明了一种临时发电机，将电力送入家中。消息迅速在住砖房的人群中传播开来，邻居开始定期上门给手机充电。现年38岁的恩科西说：“我开始收到用电请求，并决定升级。”）可知，随着消息的传播，恩科西收到了更多用电请求，所以决定把临时发电机升级，由此可知，临时发电机需要更新是为了满足更多人的用电需求。故选B项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“'Before we had electricity here, we used to use candles to study,' said student Gift Mfune, 'Now we all have no excuse but to pass our examinations,' he exclaimed.”（“在我们这里通电之前，我们常常用蜡烛学习，”学生Gift Mfune说，“现在我们都没有借口，只能通过考试，”他惊呼道。）可知，通电之前，Kasangazi小学的学生只能用蜡烛学习，在恩科西的帮助下，拥有了电，他们有了更好的学习条件，由此可知，Kasangazi小学的学生感激恩科西的帮助。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段关键句“The users pay no fee for the power but give Nkosi some money for maintenanceslightly more than $1 per household per month.”（用户无需支付电费，但会给恩科西一些钱用于维护费用每月每户略高于1美元。）可知，恩科西为用户供电不需要用户支付电费，由此可知，恩科西是个慷慨的人；根据第五段关键句“Despite the challenges, he is determined to expand his mini-grid to surrounding areas.”（尽管面临挑战，他仍决心将他的迷你电网扩展到周边地区。）可知，尽管面临挑战，恩科西仍然决心将他的迷你电网扩展到周边地区，由此可知，恩科西是个意志坚定的人，综上所述，恩科西是个慷慨的和意志坚定的人。故选A项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段关键句“But that started to change in 2006, when villager Colrerd Nkosi finished secondary school in Mzimba, and returned homeand found he could no longer live without power.”（但这种情况在2006年开始发生变化，当时村民科尔雷德·恩科西在姆津巴完成了中学学业，回到家中，发现没有电他再也无法生活。）可知，文章主要介绍了一个名为恩科西的年轻人发明了临时发电机，帮助村民供电的故事，“The Contribution of a Young Man”意为“一个年轻人的贡献”，选项能够概括文章的主要内容。故选B项。CThousands of families will hit Europes ski resorts this month, hoping that snow conditions will be more favourable than at the start of the season in December. A warming world is changing precisely how, when and where snow falls. For the winter-sports industry, such shifts could hit profits harder than a springtime avalanche (雪崩).The snowfall season has become shorter in places such as the Alps, says David Robinson of Rutgers University in New Jersey, as snow arrives later and melts earlier than it once did. Resorts at lower altitudes are among the most affected. Since the beginning of the 1980s the duration of the snow season, averaged over the northern hemisphere, has declined by five days a decade, according to the European Environment Agency. Huge regional variation exists, however both in Europe and elsewhere. Californian resorts that were unable to open in recent years because of snow shortages had to close at the start of 2021.For resorts worried about strange weather, there are plenty of firms to help with piste-covering (铺设滑雪道). Snow guns and other devices use water and compressed air to allow tiny snow crystals to form if it is cold enough. According to Max Rougeaux, a manager at the firm, it produces about 4,500 machines a year. Turnover has grown from 90m in 2011 to 170m as more and more resorts try to satisfy snow-seekers. The cost of covering pistes with manufactured snow depends on many factors including the type of terrain (地形).No snowmaker can stand still when global temperatures are changing. Thus firms spend around 5% of revenues in researching how to make snow even when temperatures are around 0. Humidity (湿度) affects the process: the damper the air the less moisture it can absorb and the colder it must become for snow crystals to form from water droplets. Snowmakers have enjoyed much success recently but profits will be limited if their flakes turn to slush (雪水).8. Whats the effect of the change of snowfall?A. More visitors to ski resorts.B. Earlier springtime avalanches.C. A more serious warming world.D. A decline of snow-sports industry.9. What can we infer about the duration of the snowfall season?A. It varies from place to place slightly.B. It doesnt affect resorts at high altitudes.C. It doesnt change in the southern hemisphere.D. It has shortened by about 20 days in some areas.10. What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph imply?A. No snowmakers can stand the climate change.B. Rising temperatures dont affect snowmaking.C. Snowmakers react actively to global warming.D. All snowmakers invest much in various devices.11. What is the text mainly about?A. The effects of a warming climate.B. Snow shortage faced by ski lovers.C. A chance and challenge for snowmakers.D. New equipment created by snowmakers.【答案】8. D 9. D 10. C 11. C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述气候变化及降雪量减少对造雪者们的机遇和挑战。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“For the winter-sports industry, such shifts could hit profits harder than a springtime avalanche (雪崩). (对于冬季运动行业来说，这种转变可能比春季雪崩更能打击利润)”可知，降雪量的改变会降低冬季运动业的利润，导致雪上运动产业的衰落。故选D。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Since the beginning of the 1980s the duration of the snow season, averaged over the northern hemisphere, has declined by five days a decade, according to the European Environment Agency. (根据欧洲环境署的数据，自20世纪80年代初以来，北半球平均降雪季节的持续时间，每十年减少五天)”可知，1980年开始，每10年减少5天。现在是2022年，故推知在某些地区，平均降雪季节的持续时间大概缩短20天。故选D。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Thus, firms spend around 5% of revenues in researching how to make snow even when temperatures are around 0. (因此，公司将大约5%的收入用于研究如何在温度约为0摄氏度的情况下制造雪)”可知，面对气候变化及降雪量减少，造雪者和公司不能坐以待毙，他们将一半的收入用于研究造雪。由此推知，划线句子No snowmaker can stand