英语7下-第7讲 Unit 4 Finding your way（精英教案）-2020-2021学年七年级英语下册同步培优教案（译林牛津版）.docx

主 题7B Unit 4(Finding your way)学习目标1. 掌握Comic stripGrammar重点词汇、句型； 2. 掌握Integrated skillsSelf-assessment重点词汇、句型；3. 掌握冠词的用法； 4. 掌握表示地点的介词的用法。 教学内容【课堂导学】1、 上次课后巩固作业复习；（具体内容无须在此呈现出来）2、 互动探索（此部分与上次预习思考相一致，且需要在此部分呈现出来）Finding your way亲爱的同学们！你们给小明指出路线了吗？Show us yours!First, go straight on and turn right at the park.Next, walk along the Shengping Road and then turn left at the first turning.At last, you will see the barbecue bar at the end of the road.【知识点梳理】Comic stripGrammar重点词汇与句型【知识梳理1】Follow me, Eddie. (1) follow动词，意为 ，后面直接跟表示人或事物的名词作宾语，相当于 。 (2) follow 动词，还可表示 。 (3) follow的形容词为 ，意为 。【例题精讲】1. Spring follows winter. 2. As students, we should follow the school rules. 3. He speaks too fast. I cant follow him. 4. Which of the following sentences is right? 答案：(1) follow动词，意为“跟随”，后面直接跟表示人或事物的名词作宾语，相当于come after。 (2) follow 动词，还可表示“效仿；理解；服从”。 (3) follow的形容词为following，意为“接着的，下列的”。【知识梳理2】Are you sure, Hobo? (1) be sure意为 ，常用短语有：be sure to do sth. be sure of/about sth. be sure + that (2) sure还可用作副词，意为 ，相当于 。【例题精讲】1. You are sure to enjoy the film. 2. Are you sure of the result? 3. Im sure that smoking is not good for your health. 4. - May I use your bike? - Sure./Certainly.【巩固练习】翻译句子你确定可以完成作业吗？ 答案：(1) be sure意为“确信，有把握”，常用短语有：be sure to do sth. 一定、肯定会做某事be sure of/about sth. 确信某事；对某事有把握 be sure + that从句 对肯定/有把握(2) sure还可用作副词，意为“当然；可以”，相当于certainly。【巩固练习】Are you sure to finish homework?【知识梳理3】Dont be afraid. be afraid动词短语，意为 ，afraid形容词，意为 ，常用短语有：be afraid of (doing) sth. be afraid to do sth. Im afraid + that 【例题精讲】1. Many people are afraid of tigers. 2. Im afraid to go out alone at night. 3. Im afraid (that) I cant help you. 批注：在情景对话中经常会用到Im afraid so. 表示“恐怕情况是这样的”。语气较委婉。例如： - I hear Mr. Wu is ill in hospital. 我听说吴先生生病住院了。- Im afraid so. Lets go and see him after school. 恐怕是这样的，我们放学后去看他吧。答案：be afraid动词短语，意为“害怕，担心”，afraid形容词，意为“害怕的，担心的”，常用短语有：be afraid of (doing) sth. 害怕(做)某事be afraid to do sth. 因害怕而不敢做某事Im afraid + that从句 恐怕(that可省略)【知识梳理4】Eddie, I think we have to go up again.(1) have to ，强调因客观条件的制约而不得不去做某事，后接 。(2) have to 与must的区别含义用法have to“必须”，有 的变化，否定式 ，表示 。强调 。must“必须”，没有 的变化，否定式 表示 。表示说话人主观上的看法，强调 。【例题精讲】1. We have to finish the work before supper. 2. I have to go now, or I will be late. 3. He says that he must work hard. 答案：(1) have to 不得不，必须，强调因客观条件的制约而不得不去做某事，后接动词原形。(2) have to 与must的区别含义用法have to“必须”，有人称、数、时态的变化，否定式dont have to，表示“不必”强调客观上的需要must“必须”，没有人称、数、时态的变化，否定式mustnt 表示“禁止”表示说话人主观上的看法，强调主观上的需要【知识梳理5】Sunshine Zoo is north of Sunshine Middle School. 阳光动物园在阳光中学的北部。(1) north名词，意为 ，固定结构为 ，表示 。指范围之外，且中间有一段距离。 (2) 方位名词与介词in, on, to连用时的区别含义用法in+方位名词在之内强调 on+方位名词在之外强调 to+方位名词在之外强调 【例题精讲】schooltreesschoolhillschoolcinema1. The tree is in the north of the school. 2. The hill is on the north of the school. 3. The cinema is to the north of the school. 答案：(1) north名词，意为“北，北方”，固定结构为be+方位词+of，表示“某地在另一地的方向”。指范围之外，且中间有一段距离。 (2) 方位名词与介词in, on, to连用时的区别含义用法in+方位名词在之内强调某地在某一特定区域内on+方位名词在之外强调某地在某一特定区域内，且两地相互接壤to+方位名词在之外强调某地在某一特定区域内，且两地不相连，隔着相望【知识梳理6】Go straight on, and youll find the Panda House. (1) 此句型结构为 ，and连接的两句是一种 关系。前一分句表示 ，后一分句表示 。可转换为 。(2) 固定句型 ，也可以与 引导的条件状语从句互相转换，但条件状语从句通常 。(3) straight 副词，意为 ，常与动词 等连用。 straight 还用作形容词，意为 。【例题精讲】1. Stop talking and I will tell you a story.=If you stop talking, I will tell you a story. 2. Hurry up, or you will be late for school.=If you dont hurry up, you will be late for school. 3. Go straight home after school. 4. Draw a straight line on the paper. 答案：(1) 此句型结构为“祈使句+and+陈述句”，and连接的两句是一种顺承关系。前一分句表示一种条件或假设，后一句表示一种结果或推论。可转换为：If you go straight on, you will find the Panda House.(2) 固定句型“祈使句+or+陈述句”也可以与if引导的条件状语从句互相转换，但条件状语从句通常用否定句。(3) straight 副词，意为“径直地”，常与动词come, go, walk等连用。 straight 还用作形容词，意为“直的，笔直的”。【知识梳理7】Remember that theyre dangerous. (1) remember动词，意为 ，后跟 作宾语。反义词为 。 (2) remember to do sth. 与remember doing sth. 的区别remember to do sth. remember doing sth. (3) dangerous 形容词，意为 ，在句中作定语或表语，反义词为 。 (4) dangerous的词型变化及其相应的反义词：danger n. - dangerous adj. - dangerously adv. - 【例题精讲】1. Do you still remember me? 2. Remember to bring your book here tomorrow. 3. I remember seeing you before. 4. Its dangerous to play with fire.答案：(1) remember动词，意为“记住，记得”，后跟名词、代词、不定式或动名词作宾语。反义词为forget (忘记)。(2) remember to do sth. 与remember doing sth. 的区别remember to do sth. 记得要做某事，强调事情还没做remember doing sth. 记得做过某事，强调事情是以前做过的(3) dangerous 形容词，意为“危险的”，在句中作定语或表语，反义词为safe(安全的)(4) dangerous的词型变化及其相应的反义词：danger n. - safetydangerous adj. - safedangerously adv. - safely【知识梳理8】Cross the bridge, and youll see the elephants. (1) cross动词，意为 ，指从一个平面通过，常用于 等。即：cross the road/river/bridge/street 。 (2) cross与across的区别含义用法cross ，“穿过”独自作 ，直接跟宾语。across ，“穿过”不能独自作 ，要和表示“走”类的动词 等连用，此时相当于 。【例题精讲】1. Look left and right, then cross the street. 2. Be careful when you cross the street.=Be careful when you walk across the street. 答案：(1) cross动词，意为“穿过，横过”，指从一个平面通过，常用于过路、河、桥、街等。即：cross the road/river/bridge/street 过马路/河/桥/街。(2) cross与across的区别含义用法cross动词，“穿过”独自作谓语，直接跟宾语across介词，“穿过”不能独自作谓语，要和表示“走”类的动词walk, run, fly, jump等连用，此时相当于cross。Integrated skillsSelf-assessment重点词汇与句型【知识梳理1】Walk past the house, turn left and walk along the path next to the river.经过这个房子，向左转，然后沿着靠近河的小道走。(1) walk past动词短语，意为 ，相当于动词 ；其中past是介词， 。(2) pass与past的区别：含义用法past ，“经过，超过”与动词 等连用作 pass ，“经过，传递”指在人或物面前或旁边经过，可单独作 使用。【例题精讲】1. I walk past the Xinhua Bookshop on my way to school. 2. - Whats the time now? - Its half past twelve. 3. He passes the book to me. 答案：(1) walk past动词短语，意为“经过”，相当于动词pass；其中past是介词，意为“经过，超过”。(2) pass与past的区别：含义用法past介词，“经过，超过”与动词walk, go, run等连用作谓语pass动词，“经过，传递”指在人或物面前或旁边经过，可单独作谓语使用 【知识梳理2】Take the second turning on the right.(1) “take the +序数词+turning on the left/right”意为 。(2) right 名词，意为 ，还可用作形容词和副词。【例题精讲】1. You should take the third turning on the right. 2. The park is on your right. 3. Go along this road, and turn right. 【巩固练习】翻译句子在第三个路口左转。 批注：此处可与小学六年级所学的问路相结合。Take the third turning on the right = Turn right at the third turning.答案：(1) “take the +序数词+turning on the left/right”意为“在第几个拐弯处向左/右拐”。(2) right 名词，意为“右边，右方”，还可用作形容词和副词。【巩固练习】Take the third turning on the left. = Turn left at the third turning. 【知识梳理3】How do I get there? (1) how 表示怎样，是提问 ，此外how还可以提问 。 (2)get to + 地点名词表示 ，get to后面跟 等地点副词时省略to。 (3) 常见的问路的句型还有： 【例题精讲】1. How does he go to school? 2. How is he? 3. He often goes to school at seven oclock in the morning. 4. We often walk here. 答案：(1)how 表示怎样，是提问做事的方式，此外how还可以提问身体状况。(2)get to + 地点名词表示到达某地，get to后面跟here, there, home等地点副词时省略to。(3)常见的问路的句型还有：Excuse me, where is.?Can you tell me the way to.?Which is the way to.?Can you tell me how to get to.?How can I get to.?【知识梳理4】Which way should I go at the traffic lights? 在红绿灯处我应该走哪条路？traffic名词，意为 ，为 。【例题精讲】1. His left knee is hurt in a traffic accident. 2. There is too much traffic on the roads. 【巩固练习】翻译句子红绿灯坏了。 答案：traffic名词，意为“交通，来往车辆”，为不可数名词。【巩固练习】Theres something wrong with the traffic lights.【知识梳理5】Then youll see Sunny Garden at the corner of the street.然后你将在街道的拐角处看到阳光花园。(1) corner 名词，意为 ，at the corner of. 。(2) at the corner of 意为 ，一般指路、街道的拐角；in the corner of 意 ，一般指室内的角落。【例题精讲】1. When you get to the corner of the street, youll see a cinema. 2. She is waiting for the bus at the corner of the street. 3. There is a football in the corner of the room. 答案：(1) corner 名词，意为“拐角，街角，角落”，at the corner of. 在的拐角处。(2) at the corner of 意为“在的拐角处”，一般指路、街道的拐角；in the corner of 意为“在的角落里”，一般指室内的角落。【知识梳理6】Suzy, one of the Class 1, Grade 7 students, is going to invite her friends to her birthday party at home. Suzy, 七年级一班的一个学生，打算邀请她的朋友去她家参加她的生日宴会。(1) one of. ，后面所跟的 ，但该结构作主语时谓语动词则 。(2)be going to do sth. 打算做某事，将要做某事。【例题精讲】1. Li Lei, one of the students from Class 4, is good at Maths. 2. We are going to go hiking tomorrow. 【巩固练习】翻译句子长江是世界上最长的河流之一。 答案：(1) one of. 中之一，后面所跟的名词必须使用复数形式，但该结构作主语时谓语动词则是单数。(2)be going to do sth. 打算做某事，将要做某事。【巩固练习】The Yangtze River is one of the longest rivers in the world.【知识梳理7】My parents will prepare plenty of food and drinks for you.我的父母将为我们准备足够的食物和饮料。(1) prepare 动词，意为 。prepare for sth. ；prepare sth. for sb. prepare to do sth. (2) plenty 代词，意为 ， plenty of 意为 ，既可以修饰 ，也可以 。【例题精讲】1. We must prepare the room for the meeting. 2. She is preparing to go out. 3. There is plenty of time/money/food/paper. 4. There are plenty of books/apples/eggs.【巩固练习】翻译句子我们正在准备期末考试。 我给我许多本书。 答案：(1) prepare 动词，意为“准备，预备”prepare for sth. 为某事做准备； prepare sth. for sb. 为某人准备某事prepare to do sth. 准备做某事。(2) plenty 代词，意为“大量，充足”， plenty of 意为“大量，足够”，既可以修饰可数名词复数，也可以修饰不可数名词。【巩固练习】We are preparing for the final exam.He gives me plenty of books.知识点8：Get out at Exit A. exit名词，意为 ，复数为 。反义词为 。【例题精讲】1. Can you find the exit? 2. Excuse me, where is the entrance? 答案：exit名词，意为“出口”，复数为exits。反义词为entrance(入口)。冠词【知识梳理】冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词，不定冠词a/an常用来泛指某个人或物，定冠词the常用来指特定的某个人或物。冠词的用法1、不定冠词a/ana/an用在表示“一”的概念，但不强调数目概念。我们在第一次提到某人或某物时，如果是可数名词单数，常在其前加不定冠词a/an。“a/an + 单数名词”表示“一个”或“某一”。(1) 表示“一个”，相当于one，指某人或某物I have a new computer. 我有一台新电脑。(2) 代表一类人或物A knife is a tool for cutting with. 刀是切东西的工具。(3) 用于一些习惯用语中。如a lot of许多；a little 少量；a kind of 一类。注意：以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前用a，以元音音素开头的单数可数名词前用an，元音音素不等同于元音字母。I want a pear. I dont want an apple. 我想要一个梨。我不想要一个苹果。批注：此处教师可以举出一些易错的例子，像是uniform和university虽然以u开头，但是发的是辅音所以用a，而hour， honest等单词虽然以辅音字母开头但是h不发音，是元音开头，用an。2、定冠词the(1) 定冠词the用在谈到之前提过的某人或某物前，或特指某(些)人或物，使其区别于同类的其他人或事物，相当于this，that，these，those，可以与可数名词连用，也可与不可数名词连用。(2) 用于表示上文已提及的人或事物。I have a new bike. The bike is a birthday present from my uncle.我有一辆新自行车。这辆车是我叔叔送给我的生日礼物。(3) 用于表示谈话双方都知道的人或事物。He is waiting for me at the school gate. 他在学校门口等我。(4) 用于序数词和最高级前。This is the first time for me to visit Beijing. 这是我第一次去北京旅行。Eddie wants to live next to the biggest restaurant in Beijing. 埃迪想住在北京最大的参观旁边。(5) 用于世界上独一无二的事物前。The Earth moves around the sun. 地球围绕太阳转。(6) 用于方位名词前。Jiangsu is in the east of China. 江苏位于中国东部。(7) 用于由普通名词构成的专有名词前。We are going to visit the Great Wall. 我们打算去游览长城。(8) 用于乐器名词前。He cant play football, but he can play the violin. 他不会踢足球，但是他会拉小提琴。(9) 与一些形容词连用，表示一类人，是复数概念。In China, the old live a happy life. 在中国，老人们过着幸福的生活。(10) 用于姓氏的复数前，表示一家人，是复数概念。The Greens are having afternoon tea at present. 此刻，格林一家正在喝下午茶。(11) 用于一些习惯用语中，如：In the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上In the middle of. 在的中间批注：在讲解本知识点时，教师可以创造情景让学生理解运用。3、零冠词(1) 专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前，一般不加冠词。如：China , America, Smith 中国、美国、史密斯(2)可数名词前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等限制时，不加冠词。如：This dictionary is mine. 这个字典是我的(3)季节、月份、星期、节日、假日、一日三餐名称前一般不加冠词。如：March, May Day, National Day 三月、五一劳动节、国庆节Did you have supper? 你吃午饭了吗？Spring is the best season of the year. 春天是一年中最好的季节。(4)学科名称、球类、棋类名称前不加冠词。如：Do you study physics? 你学习物理吗？He likes playing football/chess. 他喜欢踢足球/下象棋。(5)复数名词表示泛指一类人或事物时前不用冠词。如：They are workers. 他们是工人。(6)在与by连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词。如：They often go to school by bus. 他们经常坐公交车上学。批注：in a car, on the bike, take a bus, on the train/ bus需注意。(7)某些固定词组中不用冠词。名词词组中：husband and wife, brother and sister, body and soul, day and night, knife and fork介词词组中：to(at, from) school, in (to)class, in (to, at, from)university（college）,to（in, into, from）church, to(in, into, out of)prison(hospital, bed), to(at, from, out of)work, to(in, from) town, at (from)home, to(at)sea, at night(noon, midnight), by car (bus, bicycle, plane), on foot批注：此处提醒学生注意在有些词组中，有无冠词含义不同。如in hospital 住院（因病）、 in the hospital在医院（工作、参观等）； in front of在前面，指某物体之外; in the front of在前部，指某物之内。【