专题17.Unit1词汇与语法（学生版）--2021-2022学年英语初升高衔接大串讲（牛津译林版2020）.docx

Unit1词汇与语法一重点单词记忆 14 / 14学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司1path n 2individual n 3. character n 4positive adj. 5acquire vt. 6effort n 7resource n 8attitude n 9goal n 10focus n 11remind vt. 12aim n 13style n 14technique n 15. material n 16poster n 17secondary adj. 18exchange n& vt. 19biology n 20butter n 二词汇拓展1potential n潜力； 可能性 adj.潜在的，可能的 adv.潜在地，可能地2challenge n& vt.挑战；质疑 adj.有挑战性的3advance n进步，进展；前进，行进 vt.& vi.发展，进步 adj.先进的，高级的4amazing adj.令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的 vt.使惊讶 adj.惊讶的5confidence n信心，信任；把握 adj.自信的6equal adj.相等的；平等的；相当的n.同等的人(物) v与相等vt.比得上 adv.平等地7balance vt.同等重视；(使)保持平衡；权衡重要性 n均衡，平衡；平衡能力 adj.平衡的8responsible adj.有责任，负责；可靠的 n责任9improve vt.& vi.改进，改善 n改进10proposal n提议，建议，动议 vt.提议11professional adj.职业的，专业的；有职业的；娴熟的，精通业务的 n专门人员，专业人士 n职业，专业12host n主人；东道主；主持人 vt.主办；主持 n女主人，女主持人13tough adj.艰难的；严厉的；坚强的；坚固的 adv.艰难地；粗暴地14alarm n闹钟；恐慌；警报；警报器 vt.使惊恐，使害怕 adj.惊恐的 adj.使人惊恐的15contribution n贡献；捐款；捐赠 v捐献；贡献16fortunately adv.幸运地，幸亏 adj.幸运的 n大笔的钱；时运；命运17option n可选择的事物，选择；选修课 adj.可选择的18attract vt.吸引，使喜爱；招引；引起(反应) adj.吸引人的 n有吸引力的事物三知识解析知识点01 Who knows what beautiful works of art you will create，what medical advances you will make or what amazing technologies you will develop！amazing adj.令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的(1)amaze vt.使惊讶(2)amazed adj.惊讶的be amazed at/by.对感到惊讶(3)amazement n惊讶；惊愕to ones amazement让某人惊讶的是in amazement惊讶地；惊愕地注意：amazed adj.惊讶的，用来形容人的心理、表情或声音等；amazing adj.令人大为惊奇的，用来形容事或物。单句语法填空 our amazement，she ate so many apples in five minutes.Actually，it (amaze) me that he had given up such a good opportunity.His (amaze) look on his face suggested that he was very surprised.We were amazed at the exhibits.We couldnt help taking pictures all the time.(用so.that 将这两个句子合并为一句) .知识点2. Carefully plan your study，set clear goals and balance your schoolwork with other activities. balance vt.同等重视；(使)保持平衡；权衡重要性 n均衡，平衡；平衡能力(1)balance.against. 把与进行权衡keep/lose ones balance 保持/失去平衡(2)balanced adj.平衡的a balanced diet 均衡的饮食单句语法填空/完成句子To keep healthy and slim，we should keep a (balance) diet.Suddenly, and fell off the bike.突然，这个女孩失去平衡，从自行车上摔了下来。The doctor .医生建议我要均衡饮食。知识点3.Of equal importance are good study habits，useful skills and a positive attitude.beof抽象名词；倒装句 (1)be of importance为“beof抽象名词”结构，相当于“be形容词”，这一结构可以说明主语的性质，常见的抽象名词有importance，value，use，help等。(2)本句是一个完全倒装句。其正常语序为Good study habits，useful skills and a positive attitude are of equal importance.为了平衡句子结构，将表语置于句首。这类倒装结构为“分词/副词/形容词/介词短语be主语”。单句语法填空/句型转换The old map will be great use while you are traveling.We know that learning English well is of great (important)The days are gone when women were looked down upon.Gone when women were looked down upon.(改为倒装句)I have the confidence that my advice will be very valuable to you.I have the confidence that my advice will to you.知识点4 Over the next three years，you will discover your potential while you develop as a student and as a person.while引导时间状语从句(1)本句中while意为“当的时候”，引导时间状语从句。(2)while意为“然而；可是”，用作并列连词，表示前后分句的对比。(3)while意为“虽然；尽管”，引导让步状语从句(从句常置于句首)表示转折。注意：while意为“虽然，尽管”时，与although，though用法相同，不与but连用。完成句子 ，I noticed a police car in front of the store.当我在公共汽车站等车时，我注意到商店前面有一辆警车。My brother was washing the dishes .我弟弟在刷盘子，而我在擦桌子。 ，I helped her out of trouble and gain confidence.虽然我不喜欢她，但还是帮她走出困境并获得自信。知识点5 Most importantly，your time and effort at senior high school will open the door to your potential.effort n努力，费力的事；试图make efforts/an effort to do sth.努力做某事spare no effort(s) to do sth.不遗余力地做某事with (an) effort费力地without effort毫不费力地We should help those people in trouble.我们应该不遗余力地帮助那些有困难的人。He won the first prize in the speech contest .他毫不费力地在演讲比赛中获得了一等奖。In my opinion，students should to achieve their potential while at school.在我看来，学生在学校应该努力发挥他们的潜力。知识点6 The possibilities are endless，and I have confidence in your ability to make a difference to your family，to your community and to our country.confidence n信心，信任；把握(1)have confidence in对有信心；信任with confidence自信地(2)confident adj.自信的be confident about/of对有自信/有把握(3)confidently adv.自信地The members of the basketball club all their manager.篮球俱乐部的成员都对他们的经理有信心。My teachers praise made me more confident my future.我老师的表扬使我对自己的未来更有信心。I can speak English very fluently and I that I will be the best volunteer of the exhibition.我能很流利地说英语，我相信我会成为这次展览的最佳志愿者。知识点7 Of equal importance are good study habits，useful skills and a positive attitude.equal adj.相等的；平等的，相当的，能胜任的 n同等的人(物) vt.与相等；比得上(1)be equal to sth./doing sth.与相等；胜任做某事(2)equal sb.in (doing) sth.在(做)某事方面与某人匹敌(3)be without equal/have no equal无与伦比；无敌(4)equally adv.平等地；同样地As far as I know，he is quite the job.据我所知，他完全有能力胜任这项工作。His landscape paintings are in the western world.他的风景画在西方世界无与伦比。Men and women must be treated (equal) in education and employment.在教育和就业方面男女必须得到平等的对待。He is so strong that nobody can .Furthermore，no one dare challenge him.他太强壮了，没有人能比得上他的力气。而且，没有人敢挑战他。知识点8 Setting goals gives you a focus in life.focus n焦点，重点 vt.& vi.集中(1)focus on集中于；关注focus ones attention on.put ones heart into.集中注意力于(2)focused adj.注意力集中的单句语法填空/一句多译It will help you become more patient and (focus)The noise made it hard for the students to focus their homework.我建议你把注意力集中在你正在学习的东西上。I suggest that you should .(put)I suggest that you should .(focus)知识点9 Instead，you should set goals based on your abilities and skills.base vt.以为基础(依据) n根据；基础；基底；总部，大本营(1)base.on. 把建立在的基础上(2)be based on 以为基础；根据(3)basis n基础on the basis of. 在的基础上(4)basic adj.基础的；基本的单句语法填空/完成句子I will plan my college life (base) on what I hope to do after graduation.All of us have known more about the (base)reading methods.As we all know，he .众所周知，他把自己的成功建立在努力工作的基础上。知识点10.This will remind you of what you are working for and keep you focused.remind vt.提醒，使想起remind sb.of sth.提醒某人某事remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人做某事remind sb.that.提醒某人单句语法填空/单句写作He often reminds me (care) about details when Im reading.The new function can remind you appointments and important dates.我爸爸经常提醒我，糖对牙齿有害。 .知识点11. aim n目的；目标 vi.& vt.力争做到；目的是；针对(1)aim at doing sth./to do sth.意欲/企图/力求做某事be aimed at目的是；旨在(2)with the aim of以为目标(3)aimless adj.没有方向的，无目的的(4)aimlessly adv.没有方向地，无目的地单句语法填空/句型转换These measures are aimed preventing violent crimes.Teamwork is required in order to achieve these (aim)These activities aim to broaden our horizons.These activities .(aimed)知识点12 Last year，I had the chance to study at a British secondary school as an exchange student.exchange n& vt.交换；交流；兑换(1)in exchange for交换(2)exchange sth.with sb.与某人交换某物exchange.for.以换取单句语法填空/完成句子Ive just bought this blue sweater，but can I exchange it a yellow one?We will have an opportunity to exchange views the manager.If you agree to our proposal，well give you paper your wood.如果你同意我们的建议，我们将用纸与你们交换木材。知识点13.Class discussion is very important in the UK，but I could not make a great contribution.contribution n贡献；捐款；捐赠；投稿(1)make contributions/a contribution to为做贡献(2)contribute vt.& vi.是的原因之一；捐赠，捐献；增加，添加contribute to促成，造成；有助于contribute.to.向投稿/捐赠单句语法填空/一句多译Doing small things well contributes to (help) us meet bigger challenges in the future.He made a very positive (contribute) to the success of the project.这个老太太已经为社区做出了很多贡献。The old woman .(contribute)The old woman .(contribution)知识点14.The one that attracted me most was the Rugby Club.attract vt.吸引，使喜爱；招引；引起(反应)(1)be attracted by被吸引attract ones attention吸引某人的注意力(2)attractive adj.吸引人的，有吸引力的(3)attraction n吸引人的事物；吸引(力)单句语法填空/完成句子Pandas are (attract) to people of all ages.Beijing has many historical (attract)，such as the Great Wall，the Summer Palace and the Forbidden City.Im convinced that you are sure to be of science and technology.我相信你一定会被这个科技展览所吸引。知识点15 I like it so much that I still use it as my alarm！so.that. (1)本句中的so.that.意为“如此以至于”。so是副词，修饰形容词或副词；that 引导结果状语从句。具体有以下几种形式：(2)such.that.中的such常用来修饰名词。主要有以下几种形式：用so或such填空/句型转换He is smart a boy that I like him very much.Can you believe that in a small country there should be so many people?It was so hot a day that nobody wanted to do anything.It was that nobody wanted to do anything.知识点16. As a result of your action，your dream will come true and hopefully you will live a happy life.as a result of 由于(1)as a result结果，因此(2)result in导致result from由引起，起因于(3)表示“因为，由于”的短语还有：because of，thanks to，due to，owing to等。John cant take part in the match tomorrow his getting injured yesterday.由于约翰昨天受伤，明天不能参加比赛。The young man never cared about details. ，he made a big mistake.这个年轻人从不关心细节。因此，他犯了一个大错误。His failure in this exam his not working hard enough.他这次考试不及格是因为不够努力。Not working hard enough his failure in this exam.他不够努力导致他这次考试不及格。知识点17 I like it so much that I still use it as my alarm！alarm n闹钟；恐慌；警报；警报器 vt.使惊恐，使害怕(1)raise/sound the alarm拉响警报in alarm惊慌地(2)alarmed adj.担忧的；恐惧的be alarmed at/by.对惊恐/担心(3)alarming adj.令人担忧的，令人恐惧的I when the fire broke out.火灾发生时我拉响了火警警报。On hearing the news，he jumped up alarm.一听到这个消息，他就吓得跳了起来。The woman felt (alarm) at the news from her parents.那个女人听到父母的消息感到惊慌。随堂练习.单词拼写1This decision is likely to be (质疑) by the oil companies.2As students，we should try our best to realize our .3Can you explain the (想法) behind your proposal to us?4It is (惊人的) to see the colorful fish swimming around.5Generally speaking，if we book a ticket in ，it is cheaper.6The artist combines different (技巧，技艺) in the same painting.7She (获得) a knowledge of Japanese when she was in Japan.8The Internet has become a valuable in schools nowadays.9We all admired her for her (努力) while she was in that village.10The members of the team contributed greatly to the shows success.单句语法填空1 is known to all，hard work leads to success.2I was (alarm) to see that the men were carrying guns.3Please remind Jane (bring) her laptop when she comes.4The volunteers contribute their own time the project.5She has confidence in the theory (base) on much information.6This is a book aimed helping those who have little education.7In our company，Mike is responsible sales and marketing.8We (exchange) addresses and promised to write to one another.9The school is going well，but theres a need for further (improve)10Dont you believe in (equal) between men and women?语法主语谓语(SubjectVerb)主语系动词表语(SubjectVerb Predictive)主语谓语宾语(SubjectVerbObject)主语谓语宾语宾语(SubjectVerbObjectObject)主语谓语宾语宾补(SubjectVerbObjectObject complement)感悟规律1主语和谓语是句子的必要部分。2宾语一定要跟在及物动词的后面。3当谓语动词后有两个宾语时，第一个是间接宾语，第二个是直接宾语。4宾语补足语是对宾语的补充说明。语法精析一、句子成分句子是表达思想的基本单位，主要的句子成分(sentence elements) 有主语(S)、谓语(V)、宾语(O)、补语(C)、状语(A)、表语(P)、定语(Attr.)等。具体如下：1主语(subject)：指句子所谈论的主体。主语可以由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、主语从句和短语等来担任。Your attitude towards my plan is very important.你对我计划的态度非常重要。To persuade her to change her mind is really very hard.说服她改变主意确实很难。Seeing is believing.眼见为实。2谓语(verb)：谓语又称为“谓词”，指谓语部分的主要动词，通常说明主语所做的动作或主语的特征和状态。Each student in our class works very hard.(简单谓语)我们班的每个学生学习都很努力。The child could dress himself at the age of three.(复合谓语)这个小孩三岁就会自己穿衣服了。3宾语(object)：通常指动作的对象。有的动词后面可以接两个宾语，通常把其中表示人的宾语称为间接宾语(indirect object)，把表示物的宾语称为直接宾语(direct object)。The old man gave the child some nice books.老人给了这个孩子一些好书。I will buy a new coat for my mother.我要给妈妈买一件新外套。4补语(complement)：补语分为主语补语(subject complement)和宾语补语(object complement)，用来补充说明主语或宾语的特征或情况。Later I found that person very critical.后来我发现那个人非常挑剔。The young man was caught smoking in the kitchen.有人撞见那个年轻人在厨房里吸烟。5状语(adverbial)：修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句。The boss tried to treat all the employees equally.这位老板尽量对所有员工一视同仁。Fortunately，the children were found near the village.幸运的是，这些孩子在村子附近被找到了。6表语(predicative)：指连系动词后面的成分，通常说明主语的身份、特征或状态。常见的连系动词有be，become，feel，get，look，seem等。The days are getting longer and longer.白天变得越来越长。It is amazing that the little child can speak four languages.这个小孩会说四种语言，真令人惊讶。7定语(attributive)：修饰名词或代词。There are various goods in this supermarket.这个超市里有各种各样的货物。The girl is eager for an opportunity to join the club.这个女孩渴望有机会加入这个俱乐部。二、句子结构常见的句子结构(sentence structures)有以下八种：1主谓：主语谓语(SV)在这个结构中，谓语动词是不及物动词，能表达完整的意思。后面不接宾语，但可以接副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 Our knowledge of the disease has advanced over recent years.近年来我们对这种病的了解有所进展。The last moment finally came.最后时刻终于到来了。2主系表：主语连系动词表语(SVP)在这个结构中，谓语动词必须是连系动词；表语多为形容词，也可为名词、代词、副词、数词、介词短语、不定式、分词及