专题22.Unit3写作与阅读（教师版）--2021-2022学年英语初升高衔接大串讲（牛津译林版2020）.docx

Unit3写作与阅读日记本单元的写作任务是写关于“怎样才算是好朋友”的日记。日记就是用文字记述生活中发生的有意义的或重要的事，以及自己对某事的感受或评议。写日记应注意以下几个方面：1格式：第一行左上角写日期和星期(星期可省略)，右上角写天气，然后写内容。2主体人称为第一人称。记述所发生的事情用一般过去时，但自己的感受多用一般现在时。3语言风格上尽量使用非正式的英语。日记中常用第一人称“I”。常用表达：1I am so anxious about losing my good friend.2I want to apologize to my friend for quarreling with him.3It is normal for teenagers to have some conflicts among them.4I hope my friend is humorous and fun.5She is always generous to me that we can trust and count on each other.6I do hope she can forgive me and make up with me.A diary of.Date4 NovemberOpening(开篇)Dear Diary，Friendship is very important to me.In my opinion，there are certain qualities that are very important in a friendship.Account(叙述)A good friend needs to be .Besides，a good friend .Finally， .Summary(总结)To me，a good friend brings out the best in a person.Ill.昨天你因朋友指出你经常迟到的坏习惯而与她争吵，为此你感到很后悔。请你写一篇日记，倾诉自己的苦恼，并说出你的打算。注意：可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第一步审题谋篇审题1确定文体：这是一篇应用文日记。2主体时态：文章应以一般现在时为主，其他时态为辅。3主体人称：第一人称。谋篇第一段：诉说自己心中的后悔，反思自己。第二段：分析事情发生的始末及好朋友所具有的品质。第三段：展现自己对未来友谊的信心。第二步遣词造句核心词汇1向某人道歉apologize to sb.2放弃我们的友谊let go of our friendship3指出point out4鼓励某人做某事encourage sb.to do sth.5原谅forgive连词成句1我想向我朋友道歉，因为我和她吵架了。I want to apologize to my friend for quarreling with her.2我不想放弃我们的友谊。I dont want to let go of our friendship.3在我看来，我的朋友有很多良好的品质。In my opinion，my friend has many good qualities.4这些品质在朋友之间非常重要。The qualities are very important between friends.第三步句式升级1用because 将句1和句2合为并列句I want to apologize to my friend for quarreling with her because I dont want to let go of our friendship.2用定语从句合并句3和句4In my opinion，my friend has many good qualities which are very important between friends.第四步组句成篇用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇英语短文。 【答案】20 JanuarySunnyDear Diary，I want to apologize to my friend for quarreling with her because I dont want to let go of our friendship.In my opinion，my friend has many good qualities which are very important between friends.My friend is honest.She pointed out what I had done wrong.The friendship makes me a better person.So，I was in the wrong.I shouldnt quarrel with her.In addition，my friend is supportive，and she always encourages me to get over difficulties.In a word，I do hope my friend will forgive me.I believe our friendship will grow stronger.阅读天天练阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AConfucius InstituteThe Confucius Institute at the University of Minnesota offers several short classes on Chinese language and culture.Class FeesThe cost of classes is $225 ($170 for Chinese Rehab)Class CalendarThe Confucius Institute follows the University of Minnesota semester schedule.The Confucius Institute classes start a few weeks after the start of the University semester and last for ten class sessions.Classes are not held on University holidays.The upcoming class sessions will be：Spring 2021：February 1April 7Summer 2021：June 13August 25Tentative class calendar：The schedule may change due to teacher availability.MONDAYTUESDAYWEDNESDAYTHURSDAYBeginning ，Section A600730 pm.Beginning ，Section B600730 pm.Beginning 600730 pm.Intermediate 600700 pm.Chinese Rehab 630700 pm.Intermediate 600730 pm.Beginning 600730 pm.Intermediate 600730 pm.Class CancellationsAny class not meeting minimum enrollment by four business days before the class start date will be cancelled and you will be contacted.If we must cancel a class due to insufficient enrollment or any other circumstance beyond our control，we will offer a full refund or issue credit towards another class.Contact InformationThe Confucius Institute is located within the University International Center on the east bank of the Twin Cities campus.The University International Center is located in the Keeler Apartment building.Enter at the corner of 17th Avenue SE.and 4th Street through the doors located near the “University International Center” sign.Office HoursThe office is generally open Monday through Friday，from 800 am.until 430 pm.The office is closed daily from 1200 noon until 100 pm.and is closed on all University holidays.Office Address160 University International Center,331-17th Ave.S.E.，Minneapolis，MN 55414Phone：612625-5080Fax：612-625-5158Email：confucius umn.edu语篇解读这是一篇应用文，介绍了明尼苏达大学孔子学院开设了几门关于中国语言和文化短期课程的一些相关信息。1Chinese Rehab .Acosts more moneyBis held on MondayClasts one and a half hoursDhas four classes a weekB【解析】细节理解题。由表格中MONDAY下面的“Chinese Rehab 630700 pm.”可知，Chinese Rehab 在周一上课。故B选项正确。2To get information about the classes，you can visit the office .Aon Monday noonBat 1230 am.，TuesdayCon Wednesday eveningDat 130 pm.，FridayD【解析】细节理解题。由Office Hours下面的“The office is generally open Monday through Friday，from 800 am.until 430 pm.The office is closed daily from 1200 noon until 100 pm.”可知，办公室一般在星期一到星期五营业，上午800到下午430。办公室每天从中午1200至下午100不营业。所以你可以在星期五下午一点半去办公室询问有关课程的信息。故D选项正确。3What is TRUE about the classes?AThe schedule may be changeable.BThey can be one-to-one instruction.CThey are held on University holidays.DThey start at the beginning of the University semester.A【解析】细节理解题。由文中的“The schedule may change due to teacher availability.”可知，由于师资问题，时间表可能会有所改变。所以课程表安排可能有所变化。故A选项正确。BMy mother always said，“You young men should explore your own country before stepping out into the world.” It seemed like a tough task.But luckily for me，Via Rail Canada offered youths between the ages of 18 and 25 the chance to ride the train across Canada for the month of July in 2017.I jumped at the opportunity and secured an inexpensive ticket.Excitement was at its peak as I approached the train station on the morning when my 22-day adventure was to begin.I jumped on board the passenger vessel(车厢) like it was the train to Hogwarts in Harry Potter.The train headed west in search of our first destinationthe scenic town of Banff，Alberta.After just an hour on the train，desperation already came on me.The thought of three full days on those tracks broke my spirits.As I gazed out towards Lake Superiors glistening(闪闪发亮) waves，I decided if I was to be stuck in here，I would need to enjoy my time.Those three days turned into a summer camp on rails.Real friendships with the crew were born within that train.Stops were made in small，remote railroad villages.A large group of strangers turned into travelling companions would rush towards the villages to reward our endless patience with local cuisine.At night，we would walk to the glass-domed(玻璃穹顶) train car，which gave a scenic view of the night sky，untouched by light pollution.After three days，we arrived in Banff.Before my adventure of taking the train across Canada，if I could have skipped the travel and arrived at the destination，I would have.But that is no longer true.Ive learned that the journey can be more enjoyable than the destination.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的旅行经历，作者的心态从盼望快速到达目的地转变为关注旅途中的快乐。4What made the authors train trip possible?AThe encouragement from his mother.BThe attraction of the splendid scenery.CA time-limited ticket offer for youths.DHis determination to face the tough tasks.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“.Via Rail Canada offered youths between the ages of 18 and 25 the chance to ride the train across Canada for the month of July in 2017.I jumped at the opportunity and secured an inexpensive ticket.”可知，Via Rail Canada公司为18至25岁之间的年轻人提供了在2017年7月乘火车穿越加拿大的机会。作者抓住这个机会并获得了一张便宜的火车票。故选C。5What did the author experience after one hour on the train?AGreat joy.BA dream-like trip.CUnrealistic hopes.DFaded enthusiasm.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“After just an hour on the train，desperation already came on me.The thought of three full days on those tracks broke my spirits.”可知，在火车上仅一个小时之后，作者就已经感到绝望了。一想到要在火车上待整整三天让作者很沮丧。故选D。6Which of the following best describes the author as a young man?AConsiderate. BAdaptable.CSmart. DDetermined.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“.I decided if I was to be stuck in here，I would need to enjoy my time.” 和第三段中的“Those three days turned into a summer camp on rails.Real friendships with the crew were born within that train.”可知，作者想办法度过在火车上的时间，使自己充满快乐。因此“适应性强”最能恰当地描述作者。故选B。7What has the author learned from his adventure?ATo enjoy travelling on his own.BTo be content with train service.CTo skip to the final destination.DTo explore more in the process.D【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Ive learned that the journey can be more enjoyable than the destination.”可知，作者明白了关注旅途中的快乐比盼望到达目的地更有趣。故选D。CYoure enjoying a quiet evening at home when suddenly your neighbors dog starts barking(吠叫) and doesnt stop.Sure，dogs need to bark every now and then，but if the barking is getting in the way of your daily life，you need to do something.“Before you take action，make records of when the dog is disturbing，” says expert Sharon Schweitzer.Record the dates and times when the barking appears to find out the features of the barking.“Check them carefully and get your facts straight，” says Schweitzer.You might notice the barking only happens when the owners are at work，or during thunderstorms.After two to three weeks，visit your neighbors with the facts.“Since youre trying to keep a good relationship，you cant go when youre angry and frustrated，”says Schweitzer.Plus，your neighbors might not even realize the barking is a problem，for the worst noise may happen when theyre gone.Explain the times when the barking gets bad，then suggest a way to solve the problem.“You can sit and complain all day，but that will go nowhere，” says Schweitzer.Ask if the dog can stay inside during storm，or suggest a dog training class.Be open to compromise(妥协) because the owners might have other ideas about how to deal with the noise.Befriending the dog could help.Have your neighbors introduce you to their dog.“If they become more comfortable in your presence，theyre less likely to bark when they see you or when theyre in the backyard，”says Schweitzer.You might even be able to use commands such as “quiet” once the dog trusts you.Avoid gossiping with other neighbors about the dog.“Thats when things escalate.” After all，most people will want to solve the problem.8What can you do first when your neighbor s dog barking influences your life?ABring the dog to a training class.BShow your complaint to your neighborhood.CDrive it out of your neighborhood.DRecord the dates and times of the barking.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段前两句(在你采取行动之前，记录下狗狗什么时候打扰你。记录吠声出现的日期和时间，找出吠声的特征。)可知，当邻居的狗吠影响你的生活时，你可以先记录下吠叫的日期和时间。故选D。9Why are your neighbors less likely to realize the barking problem?AThey may like dogs barking.BThey all think their dogs are friendly.CThey have been used to the barking of the dogs.DThey may be out when the worst barking happens.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Plus，your neighbors might not even realize the barking is a problem，for the worst noise may happen when theyre gone.”可知，你的邻居可能没有意识到狗叫的问题，因为当狗叫得最厉害的时候，他们可能在外面。故选D。10What does the underlined word “escalate” in the last paragraph probably mean?ABecome better.BBecome worse.CRemain unchanged.DBecome more personal.B【解析】词义猜测题。根据上文中的“Avoid gossiping with other neighbors about the dog.”(避免和其他邻居谈论狗)及后一句(毕竟，大多数人都想把问题解决好)可推知，如果你开始和其他邻居八卦狗吠的问题，此时事情往往会开始变得糟糕起来。故画线单词意思为“变得更糟”。故选B。11What can be inferred from the text?ALove me，love my dog.BBarking dogs seldom bite.CGood communication is a must.DTreat violence(暴力) with violence.C【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“Explain the times when the barking gets bad，then suggest a way to solve the problem.You can sit and complain all day，but that will go nowhere， says Schweitzer.”可知，最好的解决问题的办法是和邻居好好沟通，抱怨是行不通的，所以良好的沟通是必需的。故选C。第二节根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。I recently received an e-mail from a wise speaker.In his e-mail，he pointed out some obstacles that lie ahead on the way to success. 1 Laziness.Even with a right goal and the courage to pursue it，your efforts will be in vain unless youre willing to take actions. 2 Post your visions and plans in your bedroom，bathroom and office.Share them with others.In that case，everyone could be your supervisor.Make yourself responsible and become the master of your destiny.Doubt. 3 Life and work can be hard and even cruel.Remember，the race is not for the smartest but for those who dont give up.Rather than allowing doubt to stand in your path，you owe it to yourself to remain confident in your plan. 4 Dishonesty.As you begin to be successful，youll tend to lie，exaggerate(夸大)，and cheat in order to move your agenda forward.However，taking the easy way of dishonesty will make you become the person you hate. 5 True success comes when you are a person of your word，when you have a pure conscience(良心)，and when you have not cheated others on your way to the top.AOnly the brave can overcome this first obstacle.BHis thoughts were so deep and insightful that I edited them.CWrite down your goals and the action steps youll take to pursue those goals.DIn the end，it causes far more problems than taking the risk of telling the truth.EAdjust it as needed along the way，but always know that success will ultimately be yours.FOnce youve made a decision，doubt is a worm that eats away at your ability to succeed.GIf you cant experience gratitude，you might as well have stayed exactly where you started.语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章向读者传达了成功路上需克服的几个障碍：懒惰、怀疑以及不诚实。1B【解析】这句话起承上启下的作用，引出下面作者即将论述的三点内容。空格前一句句意为：在他的邮件里，他指出了成功路上需要克服的一些障碍。选项B与上一句句意符合，且其中的his与上句中的he形成很明显的呼应关系，故选B。2C【解析】空格前一句句意为：即使目标正确，你也有勇气去实现它，如果你不采取行动，你的努力也将会变得无价值。选项C(写下你的目标和你要实现那些目标需要采取的行动步骤)与上句句意吻合。并且其中的goals与the action steps都可与上一句形成呼应关系。故选C。3F【解析】由空格所在段的第一句“Doubt.”可知，这段主要讲怀疑。选项F(一旦你做了决定，怀疑就像一条毛毛虫能消耗掉你成功的能力)是对doubt的解释，并且这句话的主语doubt也与中心词呼应。故选F。4E【解析】空格上一句意为：不要让怀疑挡在你的路上，你要自己决定保证对你的计划充满自信。选项E(需要的时候可以调整它，但是要记住成功最终会是你自己的)与上句句意吻合，且其中的it指代上句中的plan，故选E。5D【解析】由首句“Dishonesty”可知，这段内容主要与“不诚实”有关。选项D是描述的不诚实的后果，并且其中的“telling the truth”与Dishonesty形成反义呼应。故选D。第三节阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Nelson Mandela was born in 1918 in Mvezo，South Africa.His father was chief of Mvezo,1. influence on Nelson was huge.Later，Nelson became a civil rights leader in South Africa.Having 2. (contribute) to South Africa，he won the respect from South Africa and the whole world.Nelson Mandela was a great