示例解析06 复杂名词性从句或多个名词性从句构成的长难句-高考英语长难句典型结构示例与解析(通用版).doc

教育资源分享店铺 网址： 微信号：kingcsa333高考英语长难句典型结构示例与解析(通用版) 06复杂名词性从句或多个名词性从句构成的长难句1.Reading fiction allows me to travel across the high seas and along the Silk Road, all from the comfort of my own armchair, to experience, though secondhand, exciting experiences that I wouldnt necessarily be able to have in my lifetime. 【句式翻译】阅读小说使得我享受着坐在扶手椅上的舒适就能在深海和丝绸之路进行旅游，这种让人兴奋的体验尽管是间接的却又是我一生所必然体验不到的。 【句式分析】本句包含一个定语从句，that I wouldnt necessarily修饰先行词experiences。【词语点拨】1) comfort n.舒适；安逸；令人感到安慰的人或物 vt.安慰 Take a small step out of your comfort zone and try to make someones day a little brighter. 从你的舒适地带迈出一小步，为他人带去一点阳光吧。 A hot cup of milk on a cold night is a real comfort. 在寒冷的夜晚喝杯热牛奶真舒服。The little boy fell down and his mother comforted him. 小男孩摔倒了，于是他的妈妈哄了哄他。2) experience vt.体验；经历，遭受 n.U经验；C经历，体验We learn from the past, experience the present and hope for success in the future. 我们从过去中学习，体验现在，展望未来。 Having experienced earthquakes before, I wasnt frightened. 由于过去经历过地震，所以我不害怕。 If you wish to succeed, you should use persistence as your good friend, experience as your reference. 如果你希望成功，当以恒心为良友，经验为参谋。 He had many interesting experiences while traveling in Africa.他在非洲旅行时，有许多有趣的经历。【语法点拨】本句中that I wouldnt necessarily修饰先行词experiences；that作为关系代词引导定语从句指人或物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。2.The danger of what lay ahead of them, the chances of them ever turning to find us, the fear that we might never know their fate and possible delays, at first made us feel low and discouraged.【句式翻译】起初，他们将面临的危险、回来寻找我们的机会、以及害怕再也无从知晓他们的命运和可能的耽搁，都使我们情绪低落、沮丧不已。【句式分析】本句包含一个介词宾语从句和一个同位语从句，what lay ahead of them作介词of 的宾语；that we might never作the fear 的同位语。 【词语点拨】1) ahead of 在前面The time here is 9 hours ahead of London. 这里的时间比伦敦早9个小时。 2) discourage vt.使泄气，使沮丧 discouraged adj.泄气的，失去信心的We discouraged you from smoking except in specific areas. 除特定的区域外，我们禁止吸烟。 The news that he had failed the exam made him discouraged. 他考试失败的消息让他很泄气。 【语法点拨】本句中what lay ahead of them作介词of 的宾语；that we might never作the fear 的同位语;连接代词what 引导介词宾语从句，在从句中可作主语或宾语；连词that 引导同位语从句没有词义，不作成分，不能省略。如： After what seemed a very long time, I opened my eyes and found myself in bed.在很长时间后，我睁开眼睛发现自己躺在床上。 There is a feeling in me that well never know what a UFO is - not ever. 我有一种感觉，我们将永远不会知道不明飞行物是什么永远都不会。 3.A recent study showed that almost two thirds of parents believed that schools should do more to teach pupils about financial matters, and almost half said that their children had asked them what was going on, although a minority of parents felt that they didnt understand it themselves well enough to explain. 【句式翻译】最近一份研究表明尽管少数的父母觉得他们自己也不明白来解释财政方面的事情，但几乎三分之二的父母认为学校应该更多的教学生一些关于财政方面的事情，并且将近一半的父母说他们的孩子问过他们发生什么事情了。【句式分析】本句包含一个宾语从句，that almost two thirdswell enough to explain是宾语从句，作show 的宾语；在该句中that schools should do more to teach pupils about financial matters作believed的宾语，that their children had asked them what was going on作said 的宾语，that they didnt understand it themselves well enough to explain作felt 的宾语。【词语点拨】a minority of 少数Only a minority of British households dont have a car. 英国只有少数家庭没有汽车。 【语法点拨】本句中that almost two thirdswell enough to explain是宾语从句， 作show的宾语；在该句中that schools should do more to teach pupils about financial matters作believed 的宾语，that their children had asked them what was going on作said 的宾语，that they didnt understand it themselves well enough to explain作felt 的宾语；连词that引导宾语从句没有词义，不作成分，通常可以能省略,但是句中若有两个并列的that 从句作宾语，即使省略了第一个that，也不可省略第二个that。如：Do you know (that) he has joined the army? 你知道他参军了吗？ I believe (that) you have done your best and that things will improve. 我相信你已经尽了力，我也相信一切会好起来的。 4.Two thirds of customers say that environmental considerations affect their purchases to the same degrees as they did a year ago, while more than a quarter say that they are now even better aware of the environmental effect on what they buy. 【句式翻译】三分之二的顾客说正如一年前一样，对环境的考虑会影响到他们所购买的东西，而超过四分之一的人说他们现在比以前能更好地意识到环保对他们所购物品的影响。【句式分析】本句包含两个宾语从句，that environmental considerations affect作say的宾语；that they are now even better作say的宾语，在该句中what they buy又作介词on 的宾语。 【词语点拨】1)affect vt.影响；感动；具体用法参见第7句。2) effect n. 影响, 作用；固定短语：have (an) effect on = affect Early people had very little effect on the environment. 早期人类对环境没有多少影响。 3) aware adj.意识到，觉察到People around the world should be aware of the real situation of water shortage. 全世界人民都应该意识到水资源短缺的真实情况。 People are now aware that helping others is helping themselves. 现在人们意识到帮助别人就是帮助自己。 【语法点拨】本句中that environmental considerations affect作say的宾语；that they are now even better作say的宾语，在该句中what they buy 又作介词on 的宾语；连词that引导宾语从句没有词义，不作成分，通常可以能省略,但是句中若有两个并列的that 从句作宾语，即使省略了第一个that, 也不可省略第二个that, 具体用法参见第3句。5.Nancy and her colleagues at that university found in their study that kids who experienced the greatest increase in greenness as a result of a family move made the most gain on a standard test of attention. 【句式翻译】南希和她在大学的同事在他们的研究中发现，因家庭搬迁而经历了最大程度的绿色的孩子在标准的注意力测试中取得的成绩最好。【句式分析】本句包含一个宾语从句，that kids who experienced 作found 的宾语，在该句中who experienced the greatesta family move是定语从句，修饰先行词that kids。【词语点拨】as a result (of ) 作为（的）结果Alice overslept this morning. As a result, se was late for work. 爱丽丝今天早上睡过头了，结果上班迟到了。 About 21 million people died during the 1990s as a result of smoking. 20世纪90年代约有2100万人死于吸烟。【语法点拨】本句中that kids who experienced 作found 的宾语，在该句中who experienced the greatesta family move是定语从句，修饰先行词that kids。连词that引导宾语从句没有词义，不作成分，通常可以能省略,但是句中若有两个并列的that 从句作宾语，即使省略了第一个that, 也不可省略第二个that, 具体用法参见第3句；who 作为关系代词引导定语从句指人并在从句中作主语或宾语。6.Tanner and his team found that students in classrooms with unblocked views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores on tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than did students whose classrooms primarily overlooked roads and parking lots. 【句式翻译】泰纳和他的工作组发现，在窗外至少50英尺视野都没有受遮挡的教室里学习的学生，比那些在可以俯瞰街道和停车场的教室里学习的学生在词汇测试、语言艺术和数学方面测试的分数要高。 【句式分析】本句包含一个宾语从句，that students in classrooms with作found 的宾语；在该句中又包含一个定语从句，whose classrooms primarily修饰先行词students。【词语点拨】1) view n. 视野，视线；风景，景色; 看法，见解The lake came into view as we turned the corner. 我们转过弯就看见那个湖了。 While climbing the mountain, we enjoyed the warm sunshine and a beautiful view. 爬山时，我们享受着温暖的阳光，欣赏着美丽的风景。 In my view, playing computer games is a waste of time. 在我看来，玩电脑游戏浪费时间。 2) at least 至少，起码I need at least five days to complete the task. 我至少需要5天时间完成这项任务。3) overlook vt. 俯瞰，眺望；忽略，未注意到Many of them went to the cemetery and memorial which overlooks Omaha Beach. 他们中有很多人去了解俯瞰奥马哈海滩的公墓和纪念碑。 It is easy to overlook a small detail like that. 那样的小细节和容易被忽略。 【语法点拨】本句中that students in classrooms with作found 的宾语；在该句包含一个定语从句，whose classrooms primarily修饰先行词students; 连词that引导宾语从句没有词义，不作成分，通常可以能省略,但是句中若有两个并列的that 从句作宾语，即使省略了第一个that, 也不可省略第二个that, 具体用法参见第3句; 关系代词whose作定语, 可以指人或物。如： This is the scientists whose achievements are well known. 这就是那位成就卓著的科学家。 We had a meeting whose purpose was completely unclear. 我们举行了一次会议，其目的完全不明确。 7.I agree with the decision of the courts and medical institutions in the United States, that in the case of long-term coma states, close family members should be allowed to take their loved one off life support machines. 【句式翻译】我赞成美国法院和医疗机构的决定，就长期昏迷状态而言，近亲家属应该获准让他们挚爱的人脱离生命供养机。【句式分析】本句包含一个同位语从句，that in the case of作the decision 的同位语。【词语点拨】1) agree with 同意，赞同；与相符，与一致；（气候、食物等）适合I quite agree with him on sports. 我非常同意他在运动方面的观点。 His words dont agree with his actions. 他言行不一致。You look well. The air and the sea foods in Sanya must agree with you, I suppose. 你看起来气色不错。我想三亚的空气和海上食品一定适合你。 2)in the case of / in sbs case 就某人的情况来说In her case, she failed the exam because she wasnt well. 就她的情况来看，她是因为生病而没考及格。【语法点拨】本句中that in the case of 作the decision 的同位语;连词that 引导同位语从句没有词义，不作成分，不能省略，具体用法参见第2句。8.As studies continue to prove Traditional Chinese Medicines worth, especially in helping patients with cancer and AIDS, it becomes more and more obvious that Western Medicine and Traditional Chinese Medicine complement each other. 【句式翻译】随着研究继续证明传统中医药学的价值，尤其是在帮助病人治疗癌症和艾滋病方面，越来越明显的是西医和中医可以互补。【句式分析】本句包含一个主语从句，that Western Medicine是主语从句，其中it 作形式主语。 【词语点拨】1) continue v. 继续，持续I hope that this kind of activity will continue in the future. 我希望这种活动今后能继续办下去。 Excited by the find, Broad asked his students to continue his research. 这个发现大大鼓舞了布罗德，于是他让自己的学生继续他的研究工作。 How can you continue to work with all that noise going on? 吵闹声不绝于耳，你怎么还能工作得下去呢？ 2) complement vt.与（某事物）结合（相辅相成）n.补充物His business skill complements her flair for design. 他的经营技巧和她的设计才能相辅相成。 【语法点拨】本句中that Western Medicine是主语从句，其中it 作形式主语；连词that 引导的从句作主语时，常用it 作形式主语，常见的句型有： 1) It + be + 形容词（obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, probable, certain, etc.）+ that 从句。如：It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 可以肯定她会考得很好。 2) It+be+名词词组（no wonder, an honor, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.）+ that从句。如： It is no surprise that our team has won the game. 我们队赢了比赛并不惊奇。 3) It+be+过去分词（said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, ect.）+ that 从句。如： It is decided that the meeting has been put off till next Monday. 已经定下来，会议推迟到了下周一。 9.I asked her how she had achieved success and she told me that being curious, working hard, and believing in what was true made her the success she is today. 【句式翻译】我问她是怎样获得成功的，她告诉我是好奇心、努力工作和忠于事实的原则使她成为今日的成功者。【句式分析】本句包含两宾语从句，how she had achieved success作asked的宾语；that being curious, working hard, and believing in what作told的宾语,在该句中what was true作believe in 的宾语。 【词语点拨】1) achieve vt.取得，实现 vi.获得成功No one can achieve anything without effort. 没有人能够不努力就有所成就。 He is an excellent lawyer with a good brain and a determination to achieve. 他是位优秀的律师，有着一副好脑筋和必胜的决心。2) curious adj.好奇的For forty years scientists have been curious about that fish. 40年来，科学家一直对那种鱼感到好奇。 We are curious to know where shes gone. 我们很想知道她去哪儿了。【语法点拨】本句中how she had achieved success 作asked 的宾语；that being curious, working hard, and believing in what作 told 的宾语，在该句中what was true 又作believe in 的宾语,具体用法参见第2句；连词that 引导宾语从句没有词义，不作成分，通常可以省略,但是句中若有两个并列的that 从句作宾语，即使省略了第一个that，也不可省略第二个that，具体用法参见第3句。连接副词how 可以引导宾语从句。如：As a new diplomat, he often considers how he can react more appropriately on such occations.作为一名新的外交官，他经常思考在这样的场合他怎样才能更恰当的作出反应。 10.The numbers of Galapagos tortoises are said to have begun their decline when it was realized that they could supply excellent fresh meat for passenger ships, because they were known to be able to survive for six months without food and water. 【句式翻译】据说当人们意识到加拉帕格斯海龟能够给过往的船只提供鲜美的肉食时，他们的数量就开始下降了，因为人们知道这些海龟能够不吃不喝生存六个月之久。【句式分析】本句包含一个主语从句，that they could supply是主语从句，其中it 作形式主语。 【词语点拨】1) number n.数字，数目; a number of 许多; 后接复数名词, 作主语时，谓语动词用复数; the number of的数目，后接复数名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 A number of researchers were invited to attend the meeting, but the number of researchers present was only 50. 许多研究者被邀请参加这个会议， 但是出席的人的数目仅有50个。 2) decline vi.减少, 下降 vt.谢绝, 拒绝According to scientists, our mental abilities begin to decline from the age of 27 reaching the highest level at 22. 在科学家看来，我们的智力能力在22岁到达最高水平后从27岁开始下降。 In spite of many inviations, he would always decline to visit Oxford. 尽管多次受到邀请，他还是拒绝去牛津。3) supply vt.供应, 供给 n.供应； Those children are not well supplied with books for studying. 提供给那些孩子的学习用书不够充足。 The media supplies lots of information to us every day. 媒体每天提供给我们很多信息。 Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. 干净的水供应和洗手是预防疾病的切实有效的方法。 4) survive vi.幸存，还生 vt.经历幸存，比活得长To survive in the forest, animals must climb from tree to tree. 要想在森林里生存下来，动物必须有爬树的本领。 She survived her husband by ten years. 她比她的丈夫多活了10年。 【语法点拨】本句中that they could supply是主语从句，其中it 作形式主语；连词that 引导的从句作主语时，常用it 作形式主语，具体用法参见第8句。11.Two out of three people think that it is important to buy from environmentally responsible companies, with about one in seven saying that they had even decided to take their custom elsewhere if they felt a companys environmental reputation was not good enough. 【句式翻译】三分之二的人认为买那些对环境负责人的公司的产品是重要的，七分之一的人认为如果他们感觉这个公司在环保方面的名声不够好，他们会决定去其他地方买东西 。【句式分析】本句包含两个宾语从句，that it is important to作think的宾语；that they had even decided to作saying 的宾语。 【词语点拨】1) responsible adj.有责任的，尽责的All pilots should be responsible for their passengers safety. 所有的飞机驾驶员均应该对乘客的安全负责。2) custom n.习俗，风俗，惯例 n.经常向某商人、商店等购物It is difficult to get used to another countrys customs. 要适应另一个国家的风俗习惯很难。 I shall withdraw my custom from that shop. 我不再去那家商店买东西了。3) reputation n.名声，声誉The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has a very good reputation. 这名医生擅长治疗心脏疾病并且从不接收病人的任何礼品，因此他有个好名声。 【语法点拨】本句中that it is important to作think 的宾语；that they had even decided to作saying 的宾语；连词that引导宾语从句没有词义，不作成分，通常可以能省略,但是句中若有两个并列的that 从句作宾语，即使省略了第一个that，也不可省略第二个that，具体用法参见第3句。 12.They believe (that) their dance with each sacred (神圣的) moment of life is a gift and that storms are a natural part of life which can bring the rain needed for emotional and spiritual growth. 【句式翻译】他们相信他们与每一个神圣的时刻的舞蹈是生命的一个礼物，风暴是生活中很自然的一部分，它为情感和心灵的成长带来雨水的滋润。【句式分析】本句包含两个并列的宾语从句和一个定语从句，their dance with与that storms are两个并列的宾语从句，作believe 的宾语；which can bring引导定语从句，修饰先行词storms。 【词语点拨】gift n. 礼物，赠品才 n.天赋，天资, 才能One of my wonderful memories is about a Christmas gift. 我最美好的记忆之一是关于圣诞礼物的。Ive always been able to learn languages easily, beacaue I have a gift for it. 我学习语言一向是轻而易举，因为这是天赋。 【语法点拨】本句中their dance with与that storms are两个并列的宾语从句，作believe 的宾语；连词that引导宾语从句没有词义，不作成分，通常可以省略,但是句中若有两个并列的that 从句作宾语，即使省略了第一个that，也不可省略第二个that，故their dance with前省略了连词that，具体用法参见第3句;which 作为关系代词引导定语从句指物或指整个主句的内容，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。13.In a more recent study, Berninger looked at what role spelling plays in a students writing skills and found that how well children spell is tied to how well they can write. 【句式翻译】在最近的一个研究中，贝尔宁格了解了拼写在一个学生的写作技巧中扮演什么角色，发现孩子拼写的好坏与写作的好坏是有联系的。【句式分析】本句包含两个宾语从句,what role spelling plays作looked at 的宾语；that how well children spell作found 的宾语，在本句中how well children spell又作该宾语从句的主语，how well they can write作is tied to 的宾语。【词语点拨】1)play a role in 在中起作用，扮演角色Farming plays an important role in the countrys economy.农业对该国经济起着重要作用。 He played a role in the play, which made his mother happy. 他在剧中扮演了一个角色，这让他的妈妈很开心。 2) tie n.领带，联系 vt.（用带、绳、线等）系，栓The firm has close ties with an American corporation. 这家商行与一家美国公司关系密切。 It took him a long time to tie the horse to the tree. 他花费了很长时间才把马拴在了树上。【语法点拨】本句中what role spelling plays作looked at 的宾语；that how well children spell作found 的宾语，在本句中how well children spell又作该宾语从句的主语，how well they can write作is tied to 的宾语；连接代词what 引导宾语从句，有时可以作前置定语，如what help, what funny stories 等；连接副词how 可以引导宾语从句，具体用法参