英语7下-第19讲 Unit 1-4 期末复习（上）（培优学案）-2020-2021学年七年级英语下册同步培优教案（译林牛津版）.docx

主题第19讲 7B U1-4复习学习目标1、熟练掌握U1-4的重点词汇与句型并能做到灵活运用与各题型之中；2、熟练掌握U1-4的Grammar并能灵活运用。教学内容【课堂导学】1、 上次课后巩固练习2、预习思考Lets review something about U1-4, please fill the form on your own without referring to your textbook.UnitReadingGrammarKey wordse.g. Dream homesHomes around the worldCardinal numbersOrdinal numberslook out of/look out atThe capital of .be different from/inof ones owninvite sb. to do sth.【课堂导学】U1重点词汇与句型【知识梳理1】I love to sit there and look out at the beach and the sea.（1）look out at ，由 和 两个短语合并而成。（2）look out 除了有“向外看”的意思以外，还可表示 【例题精讲】例1. The boy is looking out at the birds in the tree.例2. You must look it out in the room. 例3. Look out or you will hurt yourself. （3）与look组成的短语：look after look forward to look back look for 【巩固练习】The letter Tom was looking forward to _ finally.A. arrive B. arriving C. arrives D. arrived【知识梳理2】I would like to invite my friends to watch films with me at the weekend.invite 用作及物动词，表示 invite sb. invite sb. to sp invite sb. to do sth. 【例题精讲】例1. Millie will have a birthday party, but she wont invite me.例2. Tom invites me to his home .例3. Tom invites me to go shopping with him .拓展：invite的名词形式是 ，邀请函是 【巩固练习】I neednt go to the party because I was _(not invite).U2重点词汇与句型【知识梳理1】Im afraid they wont welcome visitors like you.（1）afraid adj，意为 be afraid that . be afraid of sth./doing sth. be afraid to do sth. （2）like用作 ，指某人或某物 。常用的固定搭配有 ； like 也可以用作 ，表示 like sb./sth. like doing like to do sth. 【巩固练习】Students are usually _ ask teachers questions after class.A. afraid of B. afraid to C. afraid that D. afraid 【知识梳理2】Some college students are ready to help.be ready to do sth = be glad/willing to do sth . be ready to do sth 还可以表示 be/get ready for sth 【例题精讲】例. Im ready to help you learn English.【巩固练习】He is a helpful boy and he is always _ （乐于助人）.【知识梳理3】I want to help sick people.sick adj意为 。ill也有 之意，与 可以通用。【例题精讲】例1. The sick person needs our help. (sick用作定语)例2. The pet dog is badly ill.【巩固练习】He didnt go to school today because of _（生病）.U3重点词汇与句型【知识梳理1】Shall we take them to the cinema? （1）Shall we do sth? ， 是表示 的句型。【例题精讲】例. Shall we go to the zoo? 其他表示建议的句型： Lets sth. Why not ? Why dont you ? How/What about ? Would you like ?（2）take sb. to someplace 【例题精讲】例. Ill take you to the zoo if you study hard. 【巩固练习】_ calling someone elso for help?A. Why not B. Why dont you C. Shall we D. What about【知识梳理2】Sunshine Town is not far from the centre of Beijing. （1）be far from. 表示 ，相当于 ，反义词为 ，意为 ，既可以与 连用，也可以与 连用。【例题精讲】例1. Our school is far from my home.例2. Mr. Green lives far away from our school. （2）若要表示确切的距离，要用固定结构 【例题精讲】例. The new supermarket is one kilometer away from my home. 【巩固练习】The library is _ my home.A. away from B. far from C. far away D. away 【知识梳理3】If you do not like Chinese food, there are some Western restaurants too. （1）本句是一个含有if引导的 ，表示 （2）在含if引导的条件状语从句的复合句中，如果主句是 ， 则从句要使用 【例题精讲】例1. We do not have to call him if you are here. 例2. We will go on a picnic if it doesnt rain tomorrow. 【巩固练习】I will take part in the party if Tom _ tomorrow.A. go B. goes C. will go D. to go【知识梳理4】- How far is it from the hotel? - Its about 40 minutes by bus. （1）how far 意为 ，通常提问 ，回答要用 【例题精讲】例. - How far is it from your home to school? - Its two kilometers away. /Its about 10 minutes on foot. （2） how构成的疑问词组有： how many/much how old how long how often how soon 【例题精讲】例1. - How many apples are there in the basket? - About twenty. 例2. - How often do you play football? - Once a week. 【巩固练习】- _ will your father come back?- In a week.A. How often B. How long C. How soon D. How muchU4重点词汇与句型【知识梳理1】Sunshine Zoo is north of Sunshine Middle School. （1） north名词，意为 ，固定结构为 ，表示 指范围之外，且中间有一段距离。【例题精讲】例. Our school is north of the post office. （2）north还可以作为形容词，意为 【例题精讲】例. Beijing is in the northern part of China.（3） 方位名词与介词in, on, to连用时的区别含义用法in+方位名词在之内强调 on+方位名词在之外强调 to+方位名词在之外强调 schooltreesschoolhillschoolcinema【例题精讲】例1. The tree is in the north of the school. 例2. The hill is on the north of the school. 例3. The cinema is to the north of the school. 【巩固练习】Nanjing is _ the south-east of China.A. in B. on C. to D. at【知识梳理2】They jump around and make people laugh.（1）laugh动词，意为 ，固定短语laugh at laugh还可作名词，意为 【例题精讲】例1. His funny story makes us laugh. 例2. Dont laugh at others. Its not polite. 例3. All of us have a good laugh over the joke. （2）make sb. do sth. ； make为使役动词，后接 作宾语补足语。【例题精讲】例. The strange noise makes him feel frightened at night. 【巩固练习】不要嘲笑那些可怜的小孩。_.【知识梳理3】Cross the bridge, and youll see the elephants. （1） cross动词，意为 ，指从一个平面通过，常用于 等。 即：cross the road/river/bridge/street 【例题精讲】例. Look left and right, then cross the street. （2）cross与across的区别含义用法cross ，“穿过”独自作 ，直接跟宾语across ，“穿过”不能独自作 ，要和表示“走”类的动词 等连用，此时相当于 【例题精讲】例. Be careful when you cross the street.=Be careful when you walk across the street. 【巩固练习】When you _ the road, you cant be too careful.A. cross B. across C. crossing D. acrossing【知识梳理4】Take the second turning on the right. （1）“take the +序数词+turning on the left/right”意为 （2）right 名词，意为 ，还可用作形容词和副词。【例题精讲】例1. You should take the third turning on the right. 例2. The park is on your right. 例3. Go along this road, and turn right. 【巩固练习】请在第三个路口左转。_.【知识梳理5】My parents will prepare plenty of food and drinks for you. （1）prepare 动词，意为 prepare for sth. ; prepare sth. for sb. ; prepare to do sth. 【例题精讲】例1. We must prepare the room for the meeting. 例2. She is preparing to go out. （2）plenty 代词，意为 ， plenty of 意为 ，既可以修饰 ，也可以修饰 【例题精讲】例1. There is plenty of time/money/food/paper. 例2. There are plenty of books/apples/eggs. 【巩固练习】The final exam is coming and every student is _ for it.A. prepare B. to prepare C. preparing D. preparedU1基数词和序数词【知识梳理】1. 基数词和序数词间的转化规律： 基数词变为序数词的规则（口诀） 基变序，有规律，词尾加上th； 一、二、三特殊记，八去“t”，九去“e”； “ve”要用f替，见“y”变成“ie”词尾加上“th”； 若是遇到几十几，只变个位就可以。2. 几个常考的不规则变化序数词需注意：ninth, twelfth, fortieth, ninetieth等。 数词的用法：1） 序数词前通常要用定冠词，但当序数词前有形容词性物主代词时，通常省略其前的定冠词。 如：Today is my fathers fortieth birthday.2）时刻的表示：小时，分钟，秒钟都用基数词表示，例如：five o'clock, seven thirty, two to eight等。3）年，月，日的表示：年份用基数词，日用序数词。例如：in 1999，五月八号 写作 May the eighth。4）在分数的表达，分子须用基数词,分母用序数词。分子如是1以上的基数词,分母须用复数形式。 如1/3写作a/one third，3/4写作three fourths。 5） 编号的表示：基数词放到名词的后面，前面的名词要大写；序数词放在名词的前面，要加定冠词。 例如：Lesson 1, the first lesson。U2 一般将来时【知识梳理1】基本结构一般将来时有两种结构：be going to do / will do. 【知识梳理2】用法详解 1）将来要发生的动作。We will have a writing competition next Sunday. 2）将来一段时间内的状态。I will work in the shop during this summer holiday. 3）一般将来时的时间标志有：tomorrow, soon, this evening, tonight, this weekend, in two days, in 2020, next week等。I will finish my work in two days.We will take part in Marys birthday party tonight.【知识梳理3】句式变化1）一般将来时的否定句：在be动词或者will后面直接加not.He wont go out because it is raining. 2）一般将来时的一般疑问句：直接将be动词或will提前放到句首。Will you have a test next week? 3） 一般将来时的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词开头，后面加一般疑问句。When will you finish your homework? U3 名词所有格/物主代词【知识梳理1】名词所有格名词所有格一般是在名词后面加上“'s”，意为“某某人的”，为所属关系。名词所有格有“'s”， “of” 和“双重所有格”。分类构成方式及意义例子s 结构(1)一般情况下，是在单数名词的词尾直接加 s。 Jim's football吉姆的足球(2)以s结尾的复数名词，只能在词尾加。 the teachers' chairs老师们的椅子(3)不以s结尾的不规则复数名词，在词尾加“'s”。Children's Day儿童节(4)若表示两人各自所有的两个东西，则应在两个名词后面都加上“'s”，且后接复数名词；若表示两人共同所有的一个东西，则只能在后面那个名词后面加上“'s”，且后接单数名词。Tom's and Mike's rooms汤姆和迈克的房间（两人各有一间）Tom and Mike's room汤姆和迈克的房间（两人共同拥有的一间房间）(5)一些表示日期、时间、距离、国家名称的无生命名词，也可加 “'s”构成所有格。five minutes walk 五分钟的路today's newspaper 今天的报纸(6)如果“'s”后的名词是商店、住宅等地点时，后面的名词常常要省略。at the doctor's在诊所，在医务室“of”结构of表示无生命的所属关系the windows of the house 房屋的窗户the door of the room 房间的门双重所有格“双重所有格”形式，就是既含有“'s”结构，又含有“of”短语，组合成了“of 's”结构。the English book of your brother's你哥哥的英语书an old friend of my father's我父亲的一位老朋友【知识梳理2】物主代词物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。物主代词类别单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称形容词性物主代词myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs汉语我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他们的形容词性物主代词具有形容词性，在句子中作定语修饰名词：【例题精讲】例1. I love my parents. 例2. Is this your pen? 例3. This is their teacher, Miss Li. 名词性的物主代词具有名词词性，后面不能修饰名词。【例题精讲】例1. That car is mine, not yours. 例2. These books are ours. 例3. Whose bag is it? It's hers. U4 冠词/介词【知识梳理1】冠词的用法冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词，不定冠词a/an常用来泛指某个人或物，定冠词the常用来指特定的某个人或物。1、不定冠词a/ana/an用在表示“一”的概念，但不强调数目概念。我们在第一次提到某人或某物时，如果是可数名词单数，常在其前加不定冠词a/an。“a/an + 单数名词”表示“一个”或“某一”。（1）表示“一个”，相当于one，指某人或某物I have a new computer. （2）代表一类人或物A knife is a tool for cutting with. （3）用于一些习惯用语中。如a lot of许多；a little 少量；a kind of 一类。注意：以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前用a，以元音音素开头的单数可数名词前用an，元音音素不等同于元音字母。I want a pear. I dont want an apple.2、定冠词the定冠词the用在谈到之前提过的某人或某物前，或特指某(些)人或物，使其区别于同类的其他人或事物，相当于this, that, these, those，可以与可数名词连用，也可与不可数名词连用。（1）用于表示上文已提及的人或事物。I have a new bike. The bike is a birthday present from my uncle.（2）用于表示谈话双方都知道的人或事物。He is waiting for me at the school gate. （3）用于序数词和最高级前。This is the first time for me to visit Beijing. Eddie wants to live next to the biggest restaurant in Beijing. （4）用于世界上独一无二的事物前。The Earth moves around the sun. （5）用于方位名词前。Jiangsu is in the east of China. （6）用于由普通名词构成的专有名词前。We are going to visit the Great Wall. （7）用于乐器名词前。He cant play football, but he can play the violin. （8）与一些形容词连用，表示一类人，是复数概念。In China, the old live a happy life. （9）用于姓氏的复数前，表示一家人，是复数概念。The Greens are having afternoon tea at present. （10）用于一些习惯用语中，如：In the morning/afternoon/evening In the middle of3、零冠词（1）专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前，一般不加冠词。 如：China , America, Smith （2） 可数名词前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等限制时，不加冠词。 如：This dictionary is mine. （3） 季节、月份、星期、节日、假日、一日三餐名称前一般不加冠词。 如：March, May Day, National Day Did you have supper? Spring is the best season of the year. （4） 学科名称、球类、棋类名称前不加冠词。 如：Do you study physics? He likes playing football/chess. （5） 复数名词表示泛指一类人或事物时前不用冠词。 如：They are workers. （6） 在与by连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词。 如：They often go to school by bus. 【知识梳理2】方位介词的用法：方位介词用来表示地点、方位和位移。含义用法at, in在at+小地点；in+大地点Between,among在之间在之中表示两者之间，而表示在三者或三者以上的之间，要用among.above, over, onbelow, under在上方在下方above表示“高于某物”，反义词为below；over表示“在垂直的正上方，不接触表面”，反义词为under；on表示“在某一平面上，相互接触”。beside, next to在旁边两者可互换Inside,outside在里面在外面反义词为outside，“在外面”。in front of,behind在的前面在的后面表示“在某物外部的前面”，反义词为behind；in the front of 表示“在某物内部的前面”，反义短语为at the back of【巩固练习】一、选合适的名词所有格或物主代词( ) 1. - Whose umbrella is it? - Its _.A. somebody elses B. somebody elseC. somebodys elses D. somebodys else( ) 2. The woman over there is _ mother.A. Julia and Shelleys B. Julias and ShelleysC. Julia and Shelley D. Julias and Shelley( ) 3. He is very tired. He needs _.A. a night rest B. a rest nightC. a nights rest D. a rest of night( ) 4. - Excuse me, where are _ offices? - Over there.A. teachers B. teachers C. the teachers D. the teachers( ) 5. This is my dress. That one is _.A. Mary B. Marys C. sister D. mother( )6. Its about _ from my home to our school.A. thirty minutes walk B. walk of thirty minutes C. walk of thirty minutes D. thirty minutes walk( )7. - There is _ orange backpack on the floor. Whose is it? - Oh, its _. Thank you.A. a; mine B. an; mine C. an; my D. an; me( ) 8. Life is _ dictionary. We can learn directly from it.A. we B. us C. our D. ours( ) 9. - Is this _ new book, Shirley? - No, it isnt. Maybe its _.A. your; his B. your; him C. yours; his D. yours; him二、选择合适的冠词或介词填空( ) 1. His father is _ English teacher.He works in our school.A. a B. an C. the D. /( ) 2. Is he _ American boy?A. an B. a C. one