+期末考试核心考点必背+2023-2024学年牛津译林版八年级英语下册.docx

8下期末考试核心考点必背一、交际用语1.exactly2. What do you usually use your computer for? What for? 的目的是什么？3.Its my pleasure.不客气，这是我的荣幸。=Its a pleasure.(对谢谢的回答）4.With pleasure.很乐意。（对请求的回答）5.-Would you mind showing me how to start this online tour? -Of course not你介意给我演示如何开始这次网上旅行吗？ 当然不（介意）。不介意的回答有：Of course not. Certainly not. Not at all. No, please do. Go ahead.介意的回答有：Im sorry. Im afraid Youd better not.6. -Thanks for your help. -Youre welcome.7.It depends 视情况而定8.Im serious我是认真的9.nothing serious 1. Shall we go to see the works by Picasso in Nanjing Museum?_. We will go if we still have time after visiting the Presidential Palace.A. It depends B. My pleasure C. Never mind D. Dont mention it 答案 A二、动词形式to do1. enough to do 2.   tooto3.      warn sb (not) to do something4.     The purpose of the talk is to teach5. expect sb to do sth 期盼某人做某事6. the most important thing is to do7. get to do sth 有机会（做.),得到（做.的）机会 He got to try out all the software.8. have a chance to do sth9. offer to do sth 主动提出做某事10. be sure to do sth11. volunteer to do sth12.     cant afford to do sth cant afford to go to hospital13.      be proud to do sth be proud to help people see again14.   make up her mind to do sth make up her mind to train as a nurse15.   allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 be not allowed to cut down treesdoing1学科网（北京）股份有限公司1.    avoid doing 避免做某事2.   No littering/smoking/parking3. keep practicing speaking        4. risk doing sth 冒险做某事5. leave sb/sth doing leave the tap running 让水龙头流着6. while eating7.be busy doing sth.8.  have trouble doing sth 做.有困难have trouble talking to people9. give up doing sth 放弃做10. by doing sth11.keep/stop/prevent sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事三、核心动词序号英文中文搭配拓展1obey遵守，顺从  obey traffic rules2greet问候，打招呼greet sb with 以.方式跟人打招呼 greet us with a smile3avoid避免 avoid doing4express表达express oneself5explain解释explain sth to sb6warn警告   warn sb (not) to do something7risk冒险 risk doing sth8train训练 train as a nurse9support支持，赡养10expect期待，指望expect to do sthexpect sb to do sth 期盼某人做某事Sb be expected to do sth11achieve实现，达到 achieve /realize dreams12spread传播；扩散spread kindness/lovespread13treat治疗；对待；招待treat sb with kindnesstreat him to lunch14cure治愈cure sb of+疾病15afford付得起afford to do sthafford sth16develop发展；培养develop a hobby17operate做手术；操作operate on sboperate a machine18check检查19dig挖（洞、沟等）dig a well(井）diggingdug-dug20reduce减少reduce the risk of21refuse拒绝refuse to do sth22recycle回收利用，循环使用23reuse再使用24cause导致；造成=lead tothe cause of.的原因25allow允许allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事26separate分开，隔开be separated into different groups 27punish处罚，28produce产生,生产produce little pollution29pollute污染30fine罚款31depend依靠；取决于depend onIt depends3学科网（北京）股份有限公司 四、介词1. with(1) greet sb with a kiss/ a smile （2）eat with your mouth open or talk with food in your mouth. (3)adults with intellectual disabilities（4） someone with a serious disease(5)be born with 生来具有in1. push in2.  cut in on others3. in ones waylikeavoid subjects like age, weight or moneyover reach over someones plate for somethingon1. hold a talk on good table manners2. advice on table manners.3. on her ownpastpush pastforreach for 伸手够asbe used astrain asincluding 包括A lot of things are sold in Oxfam shops, including books.against 紧靠，碰，撞,反对五、名词1. 不可数 advice knowledge experience(经验不可数，经历可数）2. 复数 stomachs in our daily lives3. 所有格 relax after a hard days work 4. 转变序号动词形容词名词中文搭配1discussdiscussionjoin the discussion2introduceintroductionthe introduction to3educateeducation4operateoperationdo/perform an operation on5organizeorganization6pollutepollution7traintrainingreceive training8recyclerecycling9survivesurvivor earthquake survivors地震幸存者10treattreatment11blindblindness12differentdifferencemake a difference to核心名词序号英文中文搭配拓展1turn轮流，（轮流的）顺序     queue for your turn2conversation（非正式）交谈，谈话.     start a conversation3subject主题，话题 avoid subjects like age,weight or money4discussion讨论5pain痛苦no pain, no gain6purpose目的The purpose of the talk is to teach7guest客人8chance机会have a chance to do sth9training培训，训练10silver银牌，银11background背景12prize奖赏13project项目，工程；课题14introduction引言；介绍15operation手术do an operation on16disease疾病  have a serious blood disease17education教育 basic education 18right权利equal rights19blindness失明20patient病人patient耐心的21medicine医学，药22secretary秘书23difference差异，不同make a difference to24survey调查do a survey25step步骤，措施take steps to do sth六 形容词转变序号名词形容词搭配1successsuccessful2harmharmful3meaningmeaningful4medicinemedicalliveliving反义词 1possibleimpossible2politeimpolite3properimproper搭配序号英文中文1be similar to类似2get well康复3be born witha born artist一个天生的艺术家4be confident of/about对.自信5be proud of引以为自豪、骄傲6be good for对.有益7be harmful to对.有害核心形容词序号英文中文例句1close亲密的close friends2impolite不礼貌的3blind瞎的the blind4disabled残疾的the disabled5elderly年老的the elderly6similar类似be similar to7necessary必须的9basic基础的basic education 10medical医学的medical treatment11confident 自信的be confident of/about12proud 骄傲的，自豪的be proud ofbe proud to do sth13pale苍白的look pale14serious严肃的；严重的nothing serious没有什么严重的事情   a serious illness 一个严重的病 be serious about sth.= take sth seriously 严肃对待   15rich丰富的；富有的be rich in16wise明智的Its wise for people to choose public transport or ride bicycles.17living活着的；活的living things18harmful有害的be harmful to19simple朴素的，简单的（四）用法1.the+形容词表示一类人the blind/disabled/homeless2.find sb/sth +形容词七、副词 转变序号形容词副词中文1politepolitely 2properproperly3loudloudly4successfulsuccessfully5closeclosely6wisewisely明智地，充满智慧地7carelesscarelessly粗心地；满不在乎地8mostmostly主要地，大部分地核心副词序号英文中文例句拓展1politely礼貌地behave politely 2especially特别地3mostly主要地，大部地4closely密切地work closely with5moreover此外=also=whats more=furthermore6otherwise否则7wisely明智地，充满智慧地8carelessly粗心地；满不在乎地 enough 的用法用于形容词、副词或动词之后 Is the river deep enough to swim in? 在这条河里游泳水够深吗？I couldnt see well enough to read the sign. 我的视力不够好，看不清那个牌子八、代词1.反身代词express oneself clearly九、序数词finish fourth十、主谓一致A as well as BTom as well as his parents likes music十一、时态(一） 现在完成时 so far during/in/ over the past/last years 现在完成时+ since+过去时 when不和现在完成时连用 注意since ,for, how long三个词不能和瞬间动词连用。 have been to 去过.(已经回来） have gone to去.(人不在这儿） have been in .去.(人还在那儿）一般和since ,for, how long连用(二）一般过去时（1）the other day 几天前，用过去时I visited the Palace Museum with my grandparents the other day（2）过去时的语境考题Look at the sign. It says “no photos”. we shouldnt take photos here.Sorry, I didnt notice that sign （3） I thought 我原以为（三）一般现在时He is expected to arrive tomorrow十二、 语态1. 先确定时态，再确定语态。注意主将从现+被动语态2. 以下情况用被动语态（1） 有by.（2） 主语是物,而且和动词是被动的关系（3） 及物动词没有宾语 allow sb to do sthsb be allowed to do sth（4） 主语和动词是被动的关系（5）Its +过去分词”句型。  12学科网（北京）股份有限公司Its said that .据说 Its reported that.据报道    Its believed that.大家相信Its well known that.众所周知3.补充to 的情况 make sb do sthsb be made to do sth See sb do sthsb be seen to do sth watch sb do sthsb be watched to do sth hear sb do sthsb be heard to do sth4双宾语 We gave him some books. Some books were given to him (by us). My father bought me a new bike. . A new bike was bought for me by my father.5不用被动语态的情况（1） 系动词The flower smells sweet.The dish tastes delicious.The cloth feels very soft.The music sounds nice（2）一些不及物动词和well、easily等副词连用，常用主动语态，含有被动意义。如：read、write、sell、wash、cook、clean等。The books sell well. 这些书很畅销。 The pen writes smoothly. 这支笔写起来很顺滑。This pen writes well. (3) 不及物动词和词组序号英文中文1happen发生2take place发生,举行3break down出故障4break out爆发5come true成真6come out出版=be published7appear出现，显得9run out用光Time is running out.十三、易错词  1.         proud2.         separate3.         avoid4.         expect5.         patient6.         achieve7.         secretary8.         especially9.         purpose10.     training11.     discussion12.     introduction13.     conversation14.     elderly15.     similar16.     necessary17.     medicine18.     developing19.     wisely20.     difference 十四、 辨析序号英文词性中文搭配1expectv期待expect sb to do sthexpect sth of sb2exceptprep除了WAY你指路含有way的词组大归纳序号英文中文例句1on ones way to 在去的路上on ones way home 在某人回家的路上2by the way 顺便说一下3in some ways 在某种程度上，在某些方面4in a funny/friendly/way用一个滑稽/友好/的方式5in the way妨碍6in the way that+句子以.的方式You should behave in the way that people around you behave7in this way以这种方式It is also helpful of them to teach the children there.In this way, they can help the local people improve their lives.10No way!(俚语)别想！门都没有！11Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟成 话说成功序号英文词性中文搭配拓展1succeedvsucceed in doing sth=manage to do sth过去式succeeded2successnbe a success= be successful3successfuladj4successfullyadvdo sth successfully close or closely序号英文词性中文搭配拓展1closeadj（在空间、时间上）接近be close to=nearget close to 接近Their birthdays are very close together亲密的；严密的a close friendkeep a close eye /watch on sth 密切地关注adv接近,靠近，紧挨着sit close to sbv关close the door2closedadj关闭的sleep with ones eyes closed3closelyadv密切地work closely with 序号英文中文例句补充1sometime在某时ask your parents to come sometime next week2some time一些时间spend some time on your hobbysome time也有在某时的意思3sometimes有时=at times=from time to time4some times一些次数过去常常 习惯于used to do,be used to doing词组中文释义备注used to do过去常常(现在已不再这样了) I used to enjoy gardening, but I dont have time for it now. 我过去喜爱园艺，但现在没时间去弄了。 There used to be a grocery store over there. 那儿过去有家杂货店 be/get used to (doing) sth习惯于做，适应做 It took weeks to get used to having someone else around. 我花了几周的时间才习惯周围有别人跟着Im tired-Im not used to these late nights. 我累了，这几天晚睡我不习惯。这里的to为介词，后面跟动名词或名词，类似于look forward to (doing) sthbe used to do sth 被用来做某事The Internet is used to search for information 被动used to 使用注意事项：used to do表示“过去常”，用于表示过去真实或经常性的行为，特别强调现在不再那样了。后面通常接动词不定式，即跟动词原形。但有时后面的动词可以省略。否定形式为didnt use to do，在正式英语中，否定形式常常是used not to do或缩写为usednt to do。   一般疑问句可以把used 放在句首，或用助动词did。There used to be表示“过去曾有”。王老师中高考英语 13951000282十五、作文1.作文引用名言As an old saying goes,“All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy”2.The most important thing is not to win a gold or a silver, but to take part3.The purpose of the talk is to teach students rules eating.4. It will take place at 10 a.m. on 12May at the school hall.5.If all of us can give a helping hand, he may get well again soon. 状语从句十六、study skills(一） 谚语序号英文解释英文中文1When you are in a foreign country or a situation you are not familiar with , you should behave in the way that people around you behavewhen in Rome, do as the Romans do 入乡随俗2Everybody will be lucky or successful sometime in their life.every dog has its day 人皆有得意之时3When one bad thing happens to you, other bad things happen soon after it never rains but it pours 祸不单行4You have to do something before others in order to be successful. the early bird catches the worm 早起的鸟儿有虫吃5If lots of people share the work, it will make jobs easier to complete.many hands make light work 人多活轻6What other people have always seem better than your own.the grass is always greener on the other side 邻家芳草绿7risk losing everything all at one timePut all your eggs in one basket孤注一掷8 no pain, no gain 一份耕耘，一份收获9actions speak louder than words 行动胜过语言10 a friend in need is a friend in deed 患难见真情11practice makes perfect 熟能生巧12burn the candle at both ends蜡烛两头烧/过度劳累13better safe than sorry 宁可事先谨慎有余,不要事后追悔莫及14Youre never too old to learn活到老，学到老（二）Organize your ideas1.Time order 时间顺序We use this method when we write about an experience or an event.Topic: a trip to Nanjing2.Space order 空间顺序We use this method when we describe a place or an objectTopic: my bedroom3.General to specific(概括到具体）When we use this method , we give a general statement first, and then use the specific information to support the main idea.Topic:TravellingTravelling is fun.We see different people and sights.Travelling helps our mind relax.4. specific to general（具体到概括）We use this method when we want to use some specific examples to lead to our main ideasTopic:EnvironmentThe sky is not as blue as before.The water is not clean any more.Our environment is getting worse.We need to take action to protect it三、 Study skills 标点符号Here are some common punctuation marks we use to divide a piece of writing into sentences, phrases, etc.Punctuation UsageExampleComma(,)to separate words in a listYou can visit Asia, Africa,Europe,America and more in only eight hoursto separate phrases and clausesYou can use a computer for sending and receiving emails, searching for information, drawing or playing games.If you