【考前一周清】-专题01 高考真题熟词生义+高阶单词短语100例+题型组合卷 教师精讲版.docx

【考前一周清】2024届高考英语临考一周材料专题01高考真题熟词生义+高阶单词短语100例+题型集训卷 教师版一、真题熟词生义（背一背，悟一悟，轻松跨越词汇障碍）1. absorb熟义:vt.吸收 生义:vt.理解,消化(2020新高考I卷七选五)In fact, most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker's message.事实上，大多数人只理解了演讲者信息的20%。2. address 熟义:n.地址 生义:vt设法解决，处理(20207月浙江卷B)“Adaptive signals can make sure that the traffic demand that is there is being addressed,” says Alex Stevanovic.3. age 熟义:n.年龄 生义:vi.变老(20207月浙江卷C)Challenging work that requires lots of analytical thinking, planning and other managerial skills might help your brain stay sharp as you age.随着年龄的增长，需要大量分析思维、计划和其他管理技能的具有挑战性的工作可能会帮助你的大脑保持敏锐。4. battle 熟义:n.战斗，战役 生义: 争夺;竞标(2020全国卷完形填空) Nicolo and another bidder battled until Nicolo finally won the paintings for $32.尼科洛和另一位竞标者进行了竞标，直到尼科洛最终以32美元的价格赢得了这些画。5. beat熟义:vi.击打 生义: vt.快速搅拌(2020全国I卷短文改错)Next I broke the eggs into a bowl and beat them quickly with chopsticks.紧接着我把鸡蛋打进碗里，然后用筷子快速搅拌。6. big 熟义:adj.大的 生义:adj.重要的，重大的(2020全国卷C)We spoke more with Nick because I think it's a big thing for Nick to live with his mother-in-law.我们和尼克进行了更多的交谈，因为我认为对尼克来说和他的岳母住在一起是件大事。7. bond 熟义:n.关系，联系 生义: vt.培养一种特殊的关系(2020全国卷D)It was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books.这是一个特殊的时刻，我与我的孩子们培养了一种特殊的关系，这让他们对书充满了好奇。8. bridge熟义:n.桥 生义:n.起桥梁，作用的东西，纽带(2020全国卷D)I see libraries as a safe haven(避风港)for readers and writers, a bridge that helps put together a reader with a book.我认为图书馆对于读者和作家来说是一个安全的避风港，是把书和读者联系在一起的纽带。9. broken熟义:adj.破损的 生义: adj.虚弱的(2020新高考I卷C)He left after seven months, physically broken and having lost his mind.随着身体虚弱和记忆力丧失，七个月后他离开了。10. case熟义:n.情况 生义:n.套;盒;箱;容器(2020全国I卷听力材料)It has one of the new memory sticks, and a protective case for filming underwater, so you can take it when you go diving.它有一个新的记忆棒和一个水下拍摄用的保护套，所以当你潜水时，你可以带着它。 11. cold 熟义:adj.寒冷的 生义:adj. 冷酷的(2020全国卷七选五)Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly.即使是一封正式的电子邮件也好像是冷漠的、不友好的。12. cover熟义: v.覆盖生义: v.涵盖，包括,涉及;足以支付,够付(2020全国卷听力材料)The language use is good and the main points are covered.语言运用良好，并涵盖了主要要点。(2020新高考I卷B)Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills.她丈夫做两份工作来维持开支13. curtain 熟义:n.窗帘 生义:n.幕,帷幕(20207月浙江卷A)The curtains are about to open, and in a few minutes the action and dialogue will tell you the story.帷幕即将拉开，几分钟后，动作和对话将为你讲述这个故事。14. destroy 熟义:vt.破坏 生义: vt.杀死(2020新高考I卷C).millions of lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of the sea.数百万生命因海水的渐渐干涸面逝去。15. difficult 熟义:adj.困难的 生义: adj.(人)难以讨好的(2020全国卷完形填空)If a customer is rude or difficult, just think “Maybe she's had a row with her husband. Maybe her child's not well.”如果顾客粗鲁或难缠，就想“也许她和她丈夫吵架了，也许她的孩子身体不好。”16. draw熟义:vt.画画 生义:vt.引起(2020全国卷B) Already，a number of films . have drawn the anger of activists who say the creatures acting in them haven't been treated properly.一些电影已经引起了动物保护主义者的愤怒，他们说在电影中表演的动物没有得到善待。17. drive熟义:v.开车 生义: vt.迫使，逼迫(2020全国I卷完形填空)It will drive us crazy.它会让我们发疯。18. eye 熟义:n.眼睛 生义:n.视角(2020新高考I卷C)Mr Bissell skillfully organizes historical insights and cultural references, making his tale a well-rounded picture of Uzbekistan, seen from Western eyes.比斯尔先生从西方人的角度巧妙地表达了他的深刻见解和文化借鉴,使他的故事全面展现了乌兹别克斯坦。19. fair 熟义:adj.公平的生义:n.展销会(2020全国卷D)Sponsor book fairs.赞助书展。20. farm 熟义:n.农场;农舍 生义:vt. 饲养(20207月浙江卷完形填空)Ive been farming sheep on a hillside for 54 years.我在山坡上养了54年羊。二、高阶单词（背一背，默一默，轻松跨越词汇障碍）1. triple a.三倍的；三重的 2. undeniable a.不可否定的3. episode n (电视剧) 一集4. stylish a.时髦的，新潮的5. capacity n.能力，才能；容积6. distinct a截然不同的；明显的7. elegance n.优雅8. discipline n.纪律；自制力9. dynamic a.动态的10. obstacle n.障碍，阻碍11. overwhelming a.难以抗拒的12. illustrate v.加插图于；说明13. entitle vt 给取名；使有资格14. edible a.可食的15. crack v.破裂，裂开；砸裂16. fossil n.化石17. demonstrate v.证明；演示18. interpret v.解释；口译19. regulation n.规章制度，规则20. transparent a透明的，清澈的 21. adaptability n.适应性;可变性22. overestimate v.过高估计23. squeeze v.挤压，捏；挤出24. catch n.潜在问题；不利因素25. discipline n纪律；自制力26. cue n./v.提示，暗示27. factual a.真实的28. estate n 庄园；种植园；房地产29. compile v.编纂30. embody v.体现31. core n.核心32. essence n.本质33. anticipate vt 期待；预期34. domain n 领地；领域35. capacityn容量；能力36. cease vt 停止；终止37. celebrity n名人；名流38. client n 委托人；客户39. collapse vi 倒塌；崩溃40. comic n连环漫画41. cite vt 引用42. drought n 干旱；旱灾43. contract n契约；合同44. emerge vi 浮现；出现45. corporate a 公司的；团体的46. costume n 服装；戏装47. council n委员会；理事会48. domestic a家养的；国内的49. current n 水流；电流；气流50. decent a 正派的；得体的三、高阶短语（背一背，默一默，轻松跨越词汇障碍）1. keep off 不接近2. cut in 插话 夹塞3. step in 介入 插手干预4. as far as I know据我所知 5. other than除了；不同于6. in place of 代替7. run into 偶遇8. flood in 大量涌入9. take steps to do 采取措施做某事10. consult with sb 和某人商量11. waste time doing浪费时间做某事12. in person 当面 亲自 13. from behind the door 从门后面14. come to life 活跃起来 振作起来 15. break down 车辆抛锚；谈判破裂；物质分解；精神崩溃16. put forward 拨快；提议；推荐17. in that因为；在方面18. at hand 在手边，手头上19. peaceful protests 和平抗议20. have access to 接近，使用，可以利用21. no bigger than并不比大 22. at random 随机；任意23. arrive on the scene到达现场 24. takeaway food外卖食品25. on a tight budget预算紧张26. follow in the steps of跟随的脚步27. ring true听起来真实28. jump at欣然接受29. put forward 提前;提议;举荐30. book in advance提前预定31. dropped sb. off 让某人下车32. for the sake of 为了33. bring about 引起34. in the long term/run 长期35.be exposed to 暴露于，接触36.tear down 拆毁，拆除37. in collaboration with与.合作38.hang on 抓紧不放；不要挂断398.stick to 坚持；遵守 40.hit the road 走上大路 41.be at a loss困惑42.all at once突然43.in chaos混乱44.at any rate无论如何45. behave well表现得体pared to/with 和相比47. in vain 徒劳 白费功夫48. agree on sth就达成一致49.distinguishfrom把与区分开50.breathe a sigh of relief 如释重负四、题型集训题（做一做，悟一悟，轻松跨越能力障碍）第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AMuch-loved 100-Word-Story CompetitionOur much-loved 100-Word-Story Competition is back! Enter for the chance to win prizes of up to 1,000.Rules and prizesPlease ensure that submissions are original, not previously published and exactly 100 words long(not including title). Dont forget to include your full name, address, email and phone number when filling in the form. We may use entries in all print and electronic media.Terms and conditions:There are three categoriesone for adults and two categories for schools (one for children aged12-18 and one for children under 12). In the adults category, the winner will receive £ 1,000 and one runner-up will receive £250. In the 12-18s category, the winner will receive a £200 book voucher (代金券) or a Kindle Paperwhite and a 100 book voucher for their school, and the runner-up will receive a £100 book voucher. In the under-12 category, the winner will receive a £100 book voucher or a Kindle Paperwhite and a £50 book voucher for their school, and the runner-up will receive a £50 book voucher.Please submit your stories by 5 pm on January 5, 2024 either online or by post addressed to:Readers Digest00 Word Story CompetitionWarmers Group PublicationsWest Street, BournePE10 9PHThe editorial team will pick a shortlist of entries, and the three best stories in each category will be posted online at readersdigest.co.uk on February 1, 2024. You can vote youre your favourite, and the one with the most votes will win the top prize. Voting will close on February 29,2024 and the winning entries will be published in our May 2024 issue, and posted online on April 16, 2024.1. What do we know about the writing event from the text?A. It will pick out 6 best entries.B. Each entry is 100 words or fewer.C. Only students over 12 can enter it.D. Entries can be in electronic version.2. What will the runner-up get in the 12-18s category?A. A Kindle Paperwhite.B. A £ 100 book voucher.C. £250 in prize money.D. An issue of Readers Digest.3. When can we know who the winners are?A. On January 5, 2024.B. On February 1, 2024.C. On April 16. 2024.D. On February 29,2024.【答案】1. D2. B3. C【教师】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。读者文摘将举办深受读者欢迎的百字故事大赛。本文主要介绍了大赛的对象、内容、要求、奖品设置和时间等信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Terms and conditions部分“Please submit your stories by 5 pm on January 5,2024 either online or by post (请在2024年1月5日下午5点之前通过网络或邮寄方式提交您的故事)”可知，参赛作品可以是电子版的形式。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Terms and conditions部分“In the 12-18s category, the winner will receive a £ 200 book voucher or a Kindle Paperwhite and a £100 book voucher for their school, and the runner-up will receive a £100 books voucher. (在12-18岁组别中，获胜者将获得200英镑的图书代金券或Kindle Paperwhite和100英镑的学校图书代金券，亚军将获得100英镑的图书代金券。)”可知，12-18岁组别的亚军将获得100英镑的学校图书代金券。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“The editorial team will pick a shortlist of entries, and the three best stories in each category will be posted online at readersdigest.co.uk on February 1, 2024. You can vote youre your favourite, and the one with the most votes will win the top prize. Voting will close on February 29, 2024 and the winning entries will be published in our May 2024 issue, and posted online on April 16, 2024.(编辑团队将挑选入围作品，每个类别中的三篇最佳故事将于2024年2月1日发布在readersdigest.co.uk网站上。你可以投票选出你最喜欢的，得票最多的人将获得最高奖。投票将于2024年2月29日结束，获奖作品将发表在我们2024年5月刊上，并于2024年4月16日发布在网上。)”可知，到2024年4月16日，我们才能看到获胜者名单。故选C。BWe just got back from a weeklong trip through New Mexico where we traveled through desert landscapes, hiked up mountains, and walked through dry creek beds. We experienced nature and wildlife that was vastly distinct from what Ive seen before.Weve lived in Atlanta for 25 years so it was quite a change from our “city in a forest”. My husband and I were joined by our adult so n who now lives in San Diego and is a little more familiar with the west. We like to visit national parks and explore interesting ecosystems.In New Mexico, everything seemed striking and amazing. Starting in Albuquerque, we took a tram up the Sandia Peak in the Sandia Mountains, where we had fantastic views as we watched parasailers float off into the unending sky. We then drove to Abiquiu, the town where artist Georgia OKeeffe was so inspired. We stayed at a lovely home pretty much in the middle of nowhere. First, we noticed the breathtaking setting. Then we noticed the ants: billions of tiny ants were marching all over the outside of the property. They were carrying off a few of the native bees that had fallen to the ground near the house.Once we were awakened in the middle of the night by howling (嚎叫) that was both strange and musical. We were told about the coyotes (郊狼) that share the area, so we werent surprised when we woke up the next morning to some pretty impressive pawprints right outside the back door. On our final morning hike before heading south in the state, we even spotted a large snake curled up on the path, enjoying the warm morning sun. We stayed far out of its way but certainly watched our steps a little more carefully.We talked about sustainability throughout the trip. In the past several decades, theres been so much noticeable change in our travel adventures. That will be great to keep the skies cleaner and save energy. And the coyotes and snakes can be left to dance and enjoy in peace.4. What was the familys first impression of the trip to New Mexico?A. It was familiar to them in many aspects.B. It was dangerous but totally fresh for them.C. It was simple and plain with little to explore.D. It was quite different from their previous experiences.5. Which of the following best describes the authors experience in New Mexico?A. Romantic.B. Eventful.C. Conventional.D. Regretful.6. What message does the author want to convey in the last paragraph?A. Its beneficial for us to take an adventure tour.B. Its threatening to live with wildlife around.C. Its necessary to boost sustainable tourism.D. Its difficult to keep the balance of ecosystem.7. Where is the text most probably taken from?A. A reflection in a travel journal.B. An essay about the plans for traveling.C. A guidebook to a new destination.D. An introduction of a new type of traveling.【答案】4. D5. B6. C7. A【教师】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者在新墨西哥州旅行的经历和感悟。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“We experienced nature and wildlife that was vastly distinct from what Ive seen before.(我们体验了与我以前看到的截然不同的自然和野生动物)”可知，这家人对新墨西哥之行的第一印象是这与他们以前的经历大不相同。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Starting in Albuquerque, we took a tram up the Sandia Peak in the Sandia Mountains, where we had fantastic views as we watched parasailers float off into the unending sky.(从阿尔伯克基出发，我们乘坐有轨电车登上桑迪亚山脉的桑迪亚峰，在那里我们看到了奇妙的景色，我们看着滑翔伞漂浮在无边无际的天空中)”，“Then we noticed the ants: billions of tiny ants were marching all over the outside of the property.(然后，我们注意到了蚂蚁：数十亿只小蚂蚁在院子外面到处移动)”，第四段“Once we were awakened in the middle of the night by howling (嚎叫) that was both strange and musical. We were told about the coyotes (郊狼) that share the area, so we werent surprised when we woke up the next morning to some pretty impressive pawprints right outside the back door.(有一次，我们在半夜被既奇怪又悦耳的嚎叫惊醒。我们被告知这片区域有郊狼，所以当我们第二天早上醒来时，发现后门外面有一些令人印象深刻的爪印时，我们并不感到惊讶)”和“On our final morning hike before heading south in the state, we even spotted a large snake curled up on the path, enjoying the warm morning sun.(在我们向南出发前的最后一次早晨徒步旅行中，我们甚至发现一条大蛇蜷缩在小路上，享受着早晨温暖的阳光)”可知，他们欣赏了美丽的风景，看到了蚂蚁结队，听到了郊狼的嚎叫还看到了蛇，这次旅行对他们来说那是经历很丰富的，eventful符合题意。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“We talked about sustainability throughout the trip. In the past several decades, theres been so much noticeable change in our travel adventures. That will be great to keep the skies cleaner and save energy. And the coyotes and snakes can be left to dance and enjoy in peace.(我们在旅途中一直在谈论可持续发展。在过去的几十年里，我们的旅行经历发生了如此明显的变化。这将是伟大的保持天空清洁和节约能源。郊狼和蛇就可以自由自在地跳舞和享受了)”可推知，最后一段作者想要传达的信息是促进旅游业的可持续发展是必要的。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。通读文章，文章第一句“We just got back from a weeklong trip through New Mexico where we traveled through desert landscapes, hiked up mountains, and walked through dry creek beds.(我们刚从新墨西哥州进行了为期一周的旅行回来，在那里我们穿越了沙漠，爬山，走过了干涸的河床)”写到自己刚从新墨西哥州旅游回来，中间写到了旅行经历，最后一段“We talked about sustainability throughout the trip. In the past several decades, theres been so much noticeable change in our travel adventures. That will be great to keep the skies cleaner and save energy. And the coyotes and snakes can be left to dance and enjoy in peace.(我们在旅途中一直在谈论可持续发展。在过去的几十年里，我们的旅行经历发生了如此明显的变化。这将是伟大的保持天空清洁和节约能源。郊狼和蛇就可以自由自在地跳舞和享受了)”写到了旅行感悟。由此推知，文章最有可能来自旅游杂志的个人回忆和反思。故选A。CImagine being able to use energy from the sun all the time, even when its night. Thats the idea that scientists at Caltech（California Institute of Technology）are exploring. Theyre working on collecting sunlight in space and sending its energy to Earth.Caltechs scientists have created a special tool for thi