2021年全国英语竞赛《B类英语专业》初赛试题及答案.docx

2021年全国英语竞赛B类英语专业初赛试题及答案单选题1.There are 15 incomplete sentences in this part. For each blank there ar（江南博哥）e four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.Apples in the supermarket are sold by _ weight, and flowers can be sold by _ dozen.A./; aB.the; theC.the; aD./; the 正确答案：D参考解析：句意：超市里的苹果按重量出售；花则可以成打出售。by weight为固定搭配，意为“按重量”。by the dozen为固定搭配，意为“成打的”。故选D。单选题2.You should _ what you originally stated if you want your childrens respect.A.stand forB.stand byC.stand up toD.stand out for 正确答案：B参考解析：句意：如果你想获得孩子的尊重，你就应该坚持你最初的主张。stand for代表。stand by坚持（原有的决定、承诺或者声明）。stand up to经得起；勇敢面对；抵抗。stand out for坚决要求。故选B。单选题3.There is a lot of bad _ between me and my brother.A.bloodB.thoughtC.moodD.sense 正确答案：A参考解析：句意：我与兄弟之间有很深的嫌隙。bad blood嫌隙；积怨。bad thought坏想法。bad mood坏心情。bad sense坏品位；坏感觉。只有bad blood符合语境。故选A。单选题4._ the child, the more readily the mother _ to his demands to avoid disappointing him.A.The younger; gives upB.The older; gives awayC.The younger, gives inD.The older; gives back 正确答案：C参考解析：句意：孩子越小，妈妈就越乐意屈服于孩子的要求从而避免他的失望。give in屈服，投降。give up放弃。give away赠送；泄露；失去。give back归还，退还。故选C。单选题5.When you go to an interview, dont just give _ answers like yes or no.A.multilingualB.evasiveC.monosyllabicD.ambiguous 正确答案：C参考解析：句意：当你参加面试时，不要只给出“是”“否”这种简短的回答。multilingual使用多种语言的。evasive推脱的；逃避的。monosyllabic简短的；寡言少语的。ambiguous模糊的。故选C。单选题6.Denotation refers to the actual dictionary definition of the word, _ the attachment of an emotional response.A.offB.insideC.withoutD.along 正确答案：C参考解析：句意：字面意思指这个在字典中的定义，不包含它引起的情感效应。off离开；偏离。inside在里面。without没有；不带。along沿着；顺着。故选C。单选题7.The weather in China is different from _.A.that in AustraliaB.one in AustraliaC.AustraliaD.in Australia 正确答案：A参考解析：句意：中国的天气与澳大利亚的天气不同。选项A中的that可以指代上文的the weather。选项B、C、D语义不完整。故选A。单选题8.The researcher wants to test her new _ about language learning. Shes not sure if it will work, but she wants to find out.A.thesisB.stereotypeC.theoryD.survey 正确答案：C参考解析：句意：研究员想测试她的关于语言学习的新理论。她虽然没有把握，但是希望搞清自己的理论是否可行。thesis论文。stereotype刻板印象；陈腔滥调。theory理论。survey调查。故选C。单选题9.Prices have risen in order to _ the increased cost of raw materials.A.limitB.offsetC.controlD.boycott 正确答案：B参考解析：句意：为了抵消增长的原料成本，价格也上涨了。limit限制。offset抵消。control控制。boycott抵制；拒绝购买。故选B。单选题10.There seems to be something with the machine, _?A.does itB.isnt itC.isnt thereD.doesnt there 正确答案：D参考解析：句意：机器似乎有点问题，不是吗？此题考查反义疑问句。反义疑问句由陈述句和问句组成，陈述句是肯定句时，疑问句用否定句；陈述句是肯定句时，疑问句用肯定句。前后两部分的人称和动词时态要一致。故选D。单选题11.It didnt worry me at all, I took _.A.it in strideB.all in strideC.it all in my strideD.all in the stride 正确答案：C参考解析：句意：这件事丝毫不让我困扰，我很淡定。take sth. in ones stride是常用短语，意为“泰然自若；从容接受”。故选C。单选题12._, he would have felt sorry.A.Had he done itB.He had done itC.If he had it doneD.Were he to do it 正确答案：A参考解析：句意：如果他做了那件事，他应该会感到抱歉。此题考查虚拟语气倒装句。当虚拟条件句中有had时，可以省略if，把had提前。倒装前：If he had done it, he would have felt sorry.倒装后：Had he done it, he would have felt sorry.故选A。单选题13.Which of the following is a metaphor?A.Shall I compare you with what you were 10 years ago?B.College is a comma in a sentence of life.C.I was wandering alone as night fell.D.The ruby shall be redder than a red rose. 正确答案：B参考解析：句意：以下选项中哪一句是隐喻？选项B意为“大学好比人生这个句子中的一个逗号”，含有隐喻。其他选项均不含有隐喻。故选B。单选题14.I love performance art. As a matter of fact, David Blaines my hero.David Blaine? The magician? _, I think hes crazy.A.As I was sayingB.If necessaryC.On the other handD.To tell you the truth 正确答案：D参考解析：句意：我喜欢表演艺术。大卫·布莱恩是我的偶像。大卫·布莱恩？那个魔术师？说实话我觉得他是个疯子。As I was saying正如我刚说到的。If necessary如果有必要的话。On the other hand另一方面。To tell you the truth说实话。故选D。单选题15.Sorry, could I possibly interrupt? _Well, would you mind repeating that last figure? Im afraid I missed it.Certainly. It was 15,788,000 dollars.A.Im a bit busy at the moment.B.Actually, Im trying to read.C.Can you explain that again?D.Whats the problem? 正确答案：D参考解析：句意：抱歉，我可以打断一下吗？什么事？你可以重复一下上一个数据吗？可以推断出横线处应该询问打断者有什么事情。故选D。问答题1.Section A (5 marks)Translate the following paragraph into Chinese. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.Translators are people who read books for us. Tolstoy wrote in Russian, so someone must read him for us and then write down that reading in our language. Since the book will be fuller and richer the more experience a reader brings to it, we would want our translator, as he or she reads, to be aware of as much as possible, aware of cultural references, aware of lexical patterns, aware of geographical setting and historical moment. Aware, too, of our own language and its many resources. Far from being “just subjective,” these differences will be a function of the different experiences these readers bring to the book, since none of us accumulates the same experience. Even then, of course, two expert translators will very likely produce two quite different versions. 正确答案：译者是为我们读书的人。托尔斯泰用俄语写作，所以必须有人替我们先阅读他的作品，再用我们的语言写下来。读者将更多的经验置于阅读的书本中，书本就会更充实、更丰富。所以，我们希望我们的译者在研读原著时，尽可能多了解其中涉及的文化背景、用词模式、地理环境以及重要的历史时刻。同时，我们也希望他们能了解我们自己的语言及其丰富的资源。因为我们所积累的经验各不相同，所以这些差异绝非“主观”，而是这些读者给书本带入不同经验的结果。当然，即使这样，两位译家也很可能会给出两种颇为不同的版本。参考解析：翻译要点：Tolstoy托尔斯泰。原文第三句考察the morethe more句式，越就越。原文第三句是一个长句，可以在译文中拆分。原文第三句连用了三个be aware of，译文中注意合并。为了符合汉语习惯，原文第五句要在译文中改变语序，把原因放到句首。问答题2.Section B (10 marks)Translate the following sentences in the following paragraph into English by using the hints given in brackets. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.联合国相关机构发布报告称，去年的新冠疫情对全球经济造成了“前所未有”的打击，全球损失了相当于2.25亿个全职工作岗位。72.新冠疫情导致全球工作时间减少了8.8%是2008年金融危机造成损失的四倍多。(financial crisis)73.联合国国际劳工组织说，仅考虑裁员会“大幅”低估损失。(International Labor Organization)该组织还警告说，尽管疫苗有望刺激经济反弹，但全球经济复苏仍充满不确定性。这份由联合国国际劳工组织发布的报告预测，74.2021年的工作时间可能仍将比2019年减少3%以上，大约相当于9000万个全职工作岗位。(be likely to)但报告警告说，如果疫苗分发缓慢，而且全球各国政府没有提供预期的经济刺激，工作时间的减少幅度可能更大。国际劳工组织总干事盖伊·赖德说：“我们看到的复苏迹象令人鼓舞，但它们很脆弱，且非常不确定。我们必须记住，没有任何国家或团体能够单独复苏。”尽管如此，2020年新冠疫情对全球劳动力市场的破坏程度甚至比国际劳工组织去年春天预测的还要严重，当时该机构预测称，五分之四的工作岗位因全部或都分封锁而受到影响，并预测全球工作时间下降6.8%。75.这是上世纪30年代大萧条以来全球劳动力市场面临的最严重危机。(labor market)与2019年相比就业人数也减少了1.14亿，约3300万人失去了工作，76.而其余的人变得“不活跃”，要么辞职，要么正在找工作。(inactive)国际劳工组织表示，总体而言，去年劳动力参与率下降了2.2个百分点，而2008年至2009年仅下降了0.2个百分点。 正确答案：详见解析参考解析：72：The pandemic caused an 8.8% drop in working hours, more than four times that caused by the 2008 financial crisis.“是2008年金融危机造成损失的四倍多”可以灵活转化为同位语。financial crisis金融危机。73：The UN International Labor Organization said，looking at job cuts alone “drastically” underestimated the damage.用动名词短语表达“仅考虑裁员”，作主语。International Labor Organization联合国国际劳工组织。74：Working hours in 2021 are likely to remain more than 3% lower than they were in 2019roughly the equivalent of 90 million full-time jobs.用remain强调“仍”。roughly the equivalent of表达“大约相当于”。be likely to do sth可能做某事。75：This has been the most severe crisis for global labor market since the Great Depression of the 1930s.the Great Depression是资本主义国家经济“大萧条”的固定表达。since表示“自从”时要和现在完成时连用。76：While the rest became “inactive”either quitting or looking for a job.使用破折号表示解释说明。“要么要么”翻译时可用either or句式。问答题3.There are five IQ Test question in this part. Write the answers on the answer sheet.Complete the second sentence so it has the same meaning as the first. Use three to five words, including the word given.Example:Despite it being a funny situation, I managed not to laugh.faceI kept a straight face although it was a funny situation.Stop teasing me!legStop _! 正确答案：pulling my leg参考解析：pull ones leg是固定短语，意为“戏弄某人”。问答题4.Translate the underlined phrase into Chinese.A: She never stops talking about dieting.B: Yeah, shes got a real bee in her bonnet about it. 正确答案：入迷；老是想着某事参考解析：have a bee in ones bonnet是常用表达，意为“入迷；老是想着某事”。从对话中也可推断出该句想表达她对节食很着迷。问答题5.Which shape should replace the question mark? 正确答案：D参考解析：每行第一个图形顺时针旋转90度后与第二个图形叠加，去同存异得到第三个图形。问答题6.Which of the following choices best fits the question mark? 正确答案：上方问号处应该填入11；下方问号处应该填入12。参考解析：根据没有出现问号的两列数字之和均为26（9683=26，75104=26），可以推断同一条连线上的四个数字之和应为26，所以，上方问号处应该填入11（26267=11），下方问号处应该填入12（263101=12），只有B项符合。问答题7.Think of one word which can be used appropriately in all three sentences.The committee is totally against any new building in a _ belt area.When Frank saw Sallys new car, he was _ with envy.I obviously havent got _ fingers because I cant get anything to grow. 正确答案：green参考解析：green belt绿化带。green with envy非常嫉妒。green fingers搞园艺的才能。问答题8.Section A (10 marks)For many young adults embarking on their university or college courses, reading can stop being fun and become a chore. Faced with piles of compulsory reading, it is no surprise that it loses its appeal. It is such a pity because when they were children, reading was an enormous source of pleasure, stimulating their imaginations and widening their horizons. Look at the two charts below, and write at least a 120-word report on how to keep a good reading habit on the answer sheet. 正确答案：【参考范文】The line charts illustrate the effects of different reading habits on memories of what we learned. The first chart shows that regular review ensures that people don't forget the learning they remember. Meanwhile, either review after 10 minutes or no review makes people gradually forget the memorized learning. The second chart reflects that taking regular breaks helps to solidify the memory when reviewing, while taking no breaks will lead to the continuous loss of what people remembered from the revision.According to the information given above, a good reading habit should include reviewing what you have read regularly and taking regular breaks during the review. Only when reading is combined with regular review and regular breaks can people gain knowledge and broaden their horizons.参考解析：题目要求对图表进行总结并撰写报告。第一段引出本文的主要话题，即阅读习惯与知识记忆的联系，并对图表进行分析说明。第二段根据图表信息总结如何保持良好的阅读习惯。文章层次条理清晰，紧扣主题。问答题9.Section B (20 marks)Some people feel that certain workers like nurses, doctors and teachers are undervalued and should be paid more, especially when other people like film actors or businessmen are paid huge sums of money that are out of proportion to the importance of the work that they do. How far do you agree?What criteria should be used to decide how much people are paid?Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. Write the essay in at least 160 words on the answer sheet. 正确答案：【参考范文】Nowadays, there is a widespread debate over whether certain workers such as doctors and teachers deserve more financial rewards, especially when compared with entertainers and businessmen. In my opinion, these workers are certainly undervalued since the social significance of their work outweighs that of entertainers and businessmen. A person's salary should be based on his influence on society.Certain professionals outshine entertainers and businessmen in terms of their importance for social development. It is undeniable that entertainers and businessmen do have reasons to get a considerable salary. They bear great work pressure and bring joy and convenience to people's lives. However, they also caused some headaches. For example, entertainers scandalous life set a bad example for the common people, and many fanatical star-chasers have suffered mental and financial losses. On the other hand, professionals such as doctors and teachers spent years studying hard to become qualified for their jobs. They devote themselves to support social development. Teachers impart knowledge to students, train talents, and inject endless vitality into the country's development. Doctors shoulder the responsibility of saving lives. They are irreplaceable for ensuring the sustainable development of society.To sum up, I agree with the idea that certain workers such as nurses, doctors and teachers are underpaid. Only by measuring a person's value with his contribution to social development can we usher in a better and more civilized society.参考解析：本文围绕着一个热议话题展开讨论：教师、医生这类工作者是否应该赚得更多，尤其是和获得高额薪酬的演艺明星和商人相比。文章第一段陈述了这个话题，并表明作者的观点。第二段说明了作者持有此观点的原因，即明星和商人常常给社会带来负面影响，而教师、医生这类工作者对社会发展做出了不可取代的贡献。最后一段进行总结，再次点明观点。文章要点齐全，写作层次清晰，紧扣要点框架并适当添加细节，行文连贯，句式多变，恰当得体。共享题干题Read the following passage and fill in each blank with one word. Choose the correct word in one of the following three ways: according to the context, by using the correct form of the given word, or by using the given letter(s) of the word. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.During what could be described as a typical 30-minute supermarket shopping trip, thousands of products will vie for your attention. Ultimately many will make you believe they are worth picking off the shelves. How, you may ask, is this brought (46) _? The answer is by packagingthe silent but persuasive salesman.Louis Cheskin, whose research into the (47) psy_ of marketing began in the 1930s, was a pioneering specialist in the field. He placed identical products in two different packages, one emblazoned (装饰) with circles, the (48) _ with triangles. He then asked people which products they preferred, and why. Amazingly, no fewer than 80 percent chose the products in the box with the circles. They believe the content would be of (49) _ (high) quality.“After 1,000 interviews, I had to accept the fact that the (50) _ (major) of consumers transferred the sensation from the container to its contents,” Cheskin admitted later. And there was another surprise: even after trying out these identical products, people overwhelmingly preferred those in the package with the circles. Cheskin also found, for instance, that the look of a packet has an enormous impact on (51) _ biscuits taste. Cheskin called this phenomenon sensation transference. It became the foundation not only of his (52) car_ as a consultant to companies like Procter&Gamble, but of much of the research done since then.Despite increasing consumer sophistication, Cheskins original concept still works. One recent experiment (53) inv_ an underarm deodorant (除臭剂) posted in the packaging of three different colour schemes to a test group. The group was told that three different formulations were (54) _ consideration, and was asked to judge them.Results: one was considered just right, one to be strong-smelling but not very effective, and one threatening. Yet all three deodorants were exactly the (55) _.填空题1.() 正确答案：about参考解析：根据上文，此句应该疑问上述现象是如何引起的。bring about意为“引起，带来”。故横线处填about。During what could be described as a typical 30-minute superm