2021年全国英语竞赛《A类研究生》初赛试题及答案.docx

2021年全国英语竞赛A类研究生初赛试题及答案单选题1.There are 15 incomplete sentences in this part. For each blank there are（江南博哥） four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.By todays standards, early farmers were _ because they planted the same crops repeatedly, exhausting the soil after a few harvests.A.stubbornB.tiresomeC.ridiculousD.imprudent 正确答案：D参考解析：句意：按照今天的标准，早期的农民不够谨慎，因为他们重复种植同一种农作物，几次收获后就耗尽了土壤。stubborn顽固的；难处理的。tiresome烦人的；无聊的。ridiculous可笑的；荒谬的。imprudent不理智的；轻率的；不深思熟虑的。故选D。单选题2.After working at the company for a year, Mr Jones received a _ from assistant manager to manager.A.promotionB.profileC.promiseD.progress 正确答案：A参考解析：句意：在公司工作一年后，琼斯先生从助理经理晋升为经理。promotion提升；晋升。profile侧面；轮廓。promise许诺；承诺。progress进步；发展。故选A。单选题3.I hear that movie is pretty exciting.It was _ exciting. Ive never seen a better movie.A.not at allB.more thanC.far fromD.anything but 正确答案：B参考解析：句意：我听说这部电影非常刺激。它不只是刺激。我从没看过比它更好看的电影。more than有“超乎寻常，超乎想象”之意。not at all表示“一点也不”。far from表示“根本不，一点也不”。anything but表示否定，意为“单单除之外，一点也不”。A、C、D选项都是表示否定，但是根据语境可知对话者对前面提到的话表示赞同。故选B。单选题4.Kent assured his boss that he would _ all his energies in doing his new job.A.call onB.call atC.call offD.call forth 正确答案：D参考解析：句意：肯特向他的老板保证，他会全力以赴地做他的新工作。call forth all ones energy为固定搭配，意为“全力以赴”。call on拜访；号召。call at访问；停靠（车站）。call off取消；依次叫名。故选D。单选题5.It isnt cold enough for there _ a frost tonight, so I can leave Jims car out quite safely.A.wasB.beingC.to beD.would be 正确答案：C参考解析：今晚不会冷到有霜冻的程度，所以我可以把吉姆的车安全地放在外面。there前面的for是介词，因此这里的there be句型后要用非谓语形式。根据句意可知，这句话中提到的事情还没有发生，所以应该使用动词不定式。故选C。单选题6.Our corporate headquarters sit on a hill, high up _ the manufacturing plant.A.beyondB.aboveC.fromD.across 正确答案：B参考解析：句意：我们公司的总部坐落在一座小山上，位置比制造厂高。空格前的high up表示“在高处”。above高于；在上面。beyond在较远的一边。from从起。across穿过；在对面。故选B。单选题7.No one on the team will be able to go home _ this work is finished.A.ifB.evenC.whereasD.until 正确答案：D参考解析：句意：在这项工作完成之前，团队中的任何人都不能回家。until到时，直到为止。这里考察的是until的用法。“not/nountil”表示“直到才能”。故选D。单选题8.If we had worked through the night, we _ have finished the report on time.A.willB.mustC.mightD.can 正确答案：C参考解析：句意：如果我们通宵工作了，我们也许能按时完成报告。这句话使用了虚拟语气，根据句意可知，这里表达的意思是“本可以做某事却没有做”，只有C选项有此意。故选C。单选题9.American deserts are sometimes quite green. _, they cannot support crops.A.NeverthelessB.ThereforeC.NaturallyD.Moreover 正确答案：A参考解析：句意：美国沙漠有时候有很多绿色。但是，这些沙漠却不能养活庄稼。前后句意相反，应该填入表示转折的词语。nevertheless然而，不过。therefore因此。naturally自然而然地。moreover此外，而且。故选A。单选题10.Smart-phones have many advantages. They keep us _ about the _ news, and also provide entertainment.A.informed; latestB.to know; laterC.learning; latterD.to think; late 正确答案：A参考解析：句意：智能手机有很多优点，它让我们了解最新的新闻，也提供娱乐。inform，know，learn都有“知道；了解”之意，但是inform表示“得到可靠的消息来源”。latest最新的；最近的。later更迟的；更后的。latter后者的；较后的。late迟的。故选A。单选题11.The palace is heavily guarded, because inside the walls _.A.where sit the European leadersB.sit the European leadersC.the European leaders there sitD.that the European leaders sit 正确答案：B参考解析：句意：这个宫殿戒备森严，因为墙内坐着欧洲的领导人。在这句话中，inside the walls是地点状语，将其提前表示强调，这句话需要用全部倒装，只有B选项符合。故选B。单选题12.Given these conditions, there will not be _ room left in ones brain for _ rational thought.A.a; theB./; aC./; /D.the; / 正确答案：C参考解析：句意：在这种情况下，一个人的大脑将没有留下理性思考的空间。此句中room意为“空间”，是不可数名词。第二空的名词thought意为“思考”；考虑”，也是不可数名词。故选C。单选题13.His plane is due to arrive at 4:30. I think we should go pick him up at the airport.Good idea. But well need to leave at 3 if were going to be on time. _Youre right. And I dont think we should take a taxi. The subways much faster.A.Its a bit far to get there.B.Ill meet you at your office.C.We can walk to the station together.D.That sounds like a good plan. 正确答案：A参考解析：对话中两个人要去机场接人，横线前提到如果想要准时到达需要3点出发，后面又提到不应该乘出租车，地铁会更快，根据情景猜测这里指的是机场距离有点远，所以才需要提前出发。故选A。单选题14.Mr Lee called. Hed like to set up an appointment with you at 11:00 tomorrow morning to go over the marketing plan.Cant do it. Ill be at a meeting with the accountants then. _Ill call and find out. What time would be best for you?A.Can you give me time to get some lunch?B.Do you think he can do it later in the day?C.Does he want to know what the plan is about?D.Does he know when our meeting will be over? 正确答案：B参考解析：对话中，李先生打电话来想要预约明天十一点的会议，但是对话者说他那个时候有其他的会议，横线后又问什么时间合适，说明对话者想要换个更加合适的时间。故选B。单选题15.What terrible weather. Have you ever seen such thick fog? Ive heard its caused a lot of problems on the highway.I know. As a matter of fact, Jack called and said hell be at least an hour late because the traffic is so heavy._ I did, and I wasnt delayed even one minute.A.I hope it clears up soon.B.I have to go to a meeting.C.He should have taken the train.D.He has to make preparation for it. 正确答案：C参考解析：横线前的对话提到这个人因为大雾要迟到一小时，横线后提到他这样做从来没有迟到过，说明现在对话的人采用的可能是其他的交通方式。C选项符合语境，故选C。问答题1.Section A (5 marks)Translate the following paragraph into Chinese. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.When they were at last married, the most ideal of situations was found to have been changed to the most practical. They understood suddenly that instead of dwelling in heaven they were still upon earth, and had made themselves slaves to new laws and limitations. Instead of being freer and happier than ever before, they had assumed new responsibilities; they had established a new household, and must fulfill in some way or another the obligations of it. 正确答案：当他们终于结婚后，发现最憧憬的生活变得再现实不过了。他们突然发现自己并没有过着天堂般的生活，而是仍然生活在地球上，而且成为了新规则和新约束的奴隶。生活并没有比以前更自由、更幸福，因为他们得承担新的责任。既然成立了一个新的家庭，那就无论如何也要尽一点家庭的义务。参考解析：翻译要点：at last最终。第一句后半句中介词to与被动句同时出现了两次，需要根据“be found to”，“be changed to”进行划分后重新组合成中文语句。instead of不是而是。assume承担。in some way or another无论如何。问答题2.Section B (10 marks)Translate the following sentences in the following paragraph into English by using the hints given in brackets. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.一天，洋教师出题，考查学生们用洋文作文的水准，题目极简单，随便议论议论校园内的一事一物，褒贬皆可。(72)学生们很灵，一挥而就，立即上交。(quick at)洋教师阅后，评出了最佳作文一篇，学生们听后大为不解，这种通篇说谎的文章怎么能被评为“最佳”？原来这篇作文是写学校食堂。写作文的学生很老实，胆子又小，怕得罪校方，妨碍将来毕业时的分数、评语、分配工作等等，(73)他便不顾真假，胡编乱造，竭力美化，唱赞歌。(regardless of)洋教师明知学校食堂糟糕透顶的状况，为什么偏要选这篇作文？有人直问洋教师。洋教师说：“这文章写得当然好，而且绝妙无比。你们听”他拿起作文念起来，“我们学校最美的地方，不是教室，不是操场，也不是校门口那个带喷水的小花坛，而是食堂。瞧，玻璃干净得几乎叫你看不到它的存在。”洋教师念到这儿，眼睛调皮地一亮，眉毛一挑，“听听，多么幽默！”幽默？怎么会是幽默大家还没弄明白。洋教师接着念道：“(74)如果你不小心跌了一跤，你会惊奇地发现你并没跌跤。(notat all)那是因为你身上半点尘土也没留下。(75)如果你长期在学校食堂里工作，恐怕你会把苍蝇是什么样子都忘了。(long enough)”洋教师又停住，舌头“得”地弹一声，做一个怪脸说，“听呀，还要多幽默，我简直笑得念不下去了。”学生们忽然明白了什么。洋教师一边笑，一边继续往下念：“食堂每天的饭菜有多么精美、多么丰富、多么解馋！(76)只有在学校食堂里，你才会感到吃饭是一种地道的享受。(强调句)”忽然，学生们爆发起大笑来！ 正确答案：详见解析参考解析：72：The students, quick at writing, finished it at one go and turned it in no time.“很灵”翻译时可以根据所给表达灵活处理为“quick at writing”。“一挥而就”可理解为一口气完成，翻译为“finished it at one go”。in no time立即。73：He had made up a high-sounding story in praise of the cafeteria regardless of reality.make up编造，此处用其过去完成时形态。in praise of称赞。regardless of不管，不顾。74：If you were not careful enough and had a fall on the floor, you would be amazed to find that you had not fallen at all.本句为if引导的虚拟语气，因此从句使用are的过去时态were，主句使用would be。“你会惊奇地发现你并没跌跤”一句中“没跌跤”发生在“发现”之前，因此需要使用fall的过去完成时态had not fallen。75：If you had worked in the cafeteria long enough, you would have forgotten what a fly looks like.本句为if引导的虚拟语气，且根据“长期”可判断此句为完成时态，因此从句应使用work的过去完成时态“had worked”，主句使用“would have forgotten”。fly苍蝇。76：It is only at the cafeteria of the institute that your eating is a real treat.本句为强调句，注意强调句的构成“it +be动词+强调部分+that+其他部分”。问答题3.There are five IQ Test question in this part. Write the answers on the answer sheet.Which five-letter word can be placed in front of each of these words to make new words or phrases?_ _ _ _ _ runner_ _ _ _ _ age_ _ _ _ _ page_ _ _ _ _ line_ _ _ _ _ man 正确答案：Front参考解析：此处需找出和给出的五个单词都能组成新词汇或新短语的五个字母构成的单词，首先确定给出的五个词均为名词，因此答案最有可能为形容词或名词。而后，从最简单的runner和line着手寻找五个字母组成的形容词可发现：front runner（比赛中的）领先者；front line前线，第一线，front与二者搭配都是常见短语，所以猜测答案为front，再带入其他词之前：frontage（建筑的）正面；front page头版；front man出面的人，挂名负责人，发现均能组成新词或新短语，所以确定答案为Front。问答题4.Sherlock Holmes glanced at a note on which was written a sequence of letters. The last two letters of the sequence were missing. Please supply the missing two letters.The sequence reads: O T T F F S S ? ? 正确答案：The missing letters are E and N.参考解析：英语词语先后排序中最常用到的是26个字母、数字、星期、季节、月份等，根据给出的字母与问号可判断本组字母至少九个，所以排除星期与季节，而前七个字母与字母表A B C和月份首字母J F M并不符合，所以最可能是数字首字母One Two Three Four Five Six Seven其首字母正好符合本题要求，所以可以推测问号处应为Eight和Nine的首字母E和N。问答题5.“Test your skill on this, Jack,” said David as he passed a piece of paper to his old friend.On the paper was written: Y O N W O O N D L E R:“It looks like double Dutch to me, David,” said Jack.“I want you to rearrange the letters and make one word only.” David replied with a smile.Can you do it? 正确答案：One word only!参考解析：根据David的回复“make one word only”的提示与给出的字母可发现此处11个字母重新排序刚好可组成“One word only”。问答题6.Each number on the rocks below is the sum of the two beneath it. Use your maths to work out the missing numbers. Then transfer the coded letters to the boxes to spell out some underwater wittiness! 正确答案：Where do sharks go on holiday? Finland!参考解析：根据图片可发现应从小三角石块数字只缺其一的OGW处开始推理，得出G=18-12=6，进而R=6-2=4；A=12-4=8；D=11+8=19；I=35-19=16；Y=16-11=5；F=12+19=31；K=18+31=49；E=35+31=66；S=49+66=115。所以下方空格处得到的两句话为：Where do sharks go on holiday? Finland!问答题7.Identical twins: Two of these vases of flowers are identical. Can you spot which two? 正确答案：Vases A and F are identical.参考解析：首先可以发现只有B与E右上方有弯曲的吊钩，但二者最靠下的一朵小花花芯颜色一黑一白，所以B和E首先排除。A与F瓶身上最长的一根藤上均有五片叶子，C与D同一根藤上则为6片叶子，但C与D中间这个藤上的叶子位置明显不同，D藤下半部分叶片更密。而A与F完全一致，所以本题答案为A与F。问答题8.Section A (10 marks)Use the information below to write a short biography.Hedy LamarrHollywood star and communications expert1913born in Vienna, Austria1929went to acting school in Berlin1932acted in the European art film “Extase”/became famous1933married Fritz Mandl, the first of her six husbands1937left her husband/went to Paris, London, to the US1938made her first film in America (Algiers)/became a Hollywood star/people called her the most beautiful woman in the world1940met George Antheil (a composer)1942they developed a radio communications system for submarines1966wrote a book about her life, “Extase and Me”2000died in Florida, in the USWrite an article of at least 100 words on the answer sheet. 正确答案：【参考范文】Hedy Lamarr, born in Vienna in 1913, was a famous star as well as a communications expert.In 1932, Lamarr acted in the art film Extase and gained international notice. Then, finishing a four-year marriage, Lamarr went to Paris, London and then the US in 1937, where she became a Hollywood star and made her first film Algiers the next year. Known to more people, Lamarr was called the most beautiful woman in the world.In 1942, Lamarr earned recognition in a field much different from entertainment. She and her friend George Antheil developed a radio communications system for submarines, which astonished a lot of people.In 2000, Lamarr passed away in Florida at the age of 87.参考解析：题目要求根据所给信息写出海蒂·拉玛的人物传记，字数要求至少100词。本文首段根据所给第一、二条信息描述海蒂的身份与出生信息。第二段详细描述海蒂的演艺事业，第三段则讲述海蒂的科学事业。最后一段简单说明其去世信息。文字简练而信息丰富，衔接手法恰当得体。问答题9.Section B (20 marks)Write about the following topic.China is one of the fastest-growing economies in the world. Li Hans life is completely different from her grandparents. “I can drive a car, but my grandfather could only ride a bicycle.” Li Bo, Li Hans grandfather smiles and says, “We can now afford to buy an air conditioner. Before, we couldnt relax in the house during the hot summer.”Compare your way of life now with your grandparents way of life when they were young. Write an article of at least 160 words in an appropriate style on the answer sheet. 正确答案：【参考范文】With the rapid development of various technologies, so many differences appeared between lives of different generations. And these differences can be just found from the different life styles in the youth of me and that of my grandfather.My grandfather used to live in a small country when he was young. Electricity had been used but was far away from being stable at that time, not to mention the use of air conditioners. So, during the hot summer, rather than staying in a room with an air conditioner like what I do nowadays, my grandfather would sleep in a bamboo bed outside his house, waiting for the wind to cool the hot air.Instead of driving a car to buy something just as what I do today, my grandfather would ride his old bicycle to the nearest market. The whole journey would cost him some hours. Sometimes he left home after breakfast, and did not come back until supper.Changes happen all the time. What we enjoy today benefit from the fast development happened within half a century. Never forget the hard lives before, because only with the inspiration of these memories can we go farther in the ever-changeable future.参考解析：本文围绕祖孙生活方式差异的主题进行写作：第一段引入生活方式比较的主题。第二段和第三段详细写出了祖父年轻时与自己现在生活的不同，灵活运用了rather than，instead of等用作比较的衔接词，使比较内容的呈现更为清晰。最后一段简要总结并写出了比较的意义。文章行文流畅，逻辑清晰，要点齐全，句式多变，恰当得体。共享题干题Read the following passage and fill in each blank with one word. Choose the correct word in one of the following three ways: according to the context, by using the correct form of the given word, or by using the given letter(s) of the word. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.After being abroad for decades, 68 Chinese cultural relics that had been taken to the United Kingdom recently were returned to their homeland thanks to joint efforts of the two countries, the National Cultural Heritage Administration said at a news (46) con_ on Wednesday.Some of the relics span millennia, (47)_ (date) from the Spring and Autumn Period (770476, BC) to the Qing Dynasty (16441911), and they encompass a variety of items, mainly ceramics. They are from a variety of provinces, including Jiangxi, Anhui, Fujian, Henan, Shaanxi, Hebei and Guizhou.Their return brings an end to a quarter-century of efforts for repatriation, said Guan Qiang, deputy director of the administration.In February 1995, the Metropolitan Police Service in London informed the Chinese embassy in the UK that an investigation into the sale of stolen property involved a group of cultural relics that were believed to be from China. That was confirmed by the administration in Beijing, (48) _ said that they were smuggled out of China.British police (49) sei_ all the items in an operation that March. Soon, the State Council, China