Unit 4 第3 课时Grammar（知识精讲+分层练习）（教师版）.pdf

第 1 页 共 11 页 Unit 4 Growing up 第第第第第课时课时课时课时课时3Grammar 【答答答答答案案案案案】一1.practise playing basketball for hours2.feel tired e back return from work4.wait for 20 minutes until 5.his dream comes true.6.never give up7.become serious about basketball8.the best Chinese basketball player to重点重点重点重点重点词组词组词组词组词组 1.2.练习打篮球好几个小时感觉精疲力尽 3.4.20下班回家一直等分钟 5.6.他的梦想成真从不放弃 7.8.NBA对篮球认真有史以来最优秀的中国篮球运动员 9.10.几乎不懂英语他职业生涯最辉煌的时刻 11.-12.在与的对抗赛中只要一有需要 13.14.结束篮球生涯做了很多慈善工作15.尤其为中国贫困青少年重点重点重点重点重点句型句型句型句型句型1.当我在看足球比赛的时候，收到了来自我亲戚的电话。2.自周四以来 这是我们第一次上体育课。,3.昨天学生们一看见来宾 就停下来打招呼。,4.无论何时中国需要姚明 他就会返回。,5.今晚我直到看完我最喜欢的电视节目才睡觉。目标导航第 2 页 共 11 页 ever play in the NBA9.know little English10.the best moment in his career11.in a game against-12.whenever sb.is needed13.end ones basketball career14.do much charity work15.especially for poor Chinese teenagers 二 1.Kreceived a call from my relative when/while I was watching TV.2.It is the first time that we have had PE lesson since Thursday.3.As soon as the students see the guests,they stop to greet them.4.Whenever Yao Ming was needed,he returned to China.5.I will not go to bed until I finish watching my favourite TV programme.一、状语从句一、状语从句一、状语从句一、状语从句一、状语从句(I)【精精精精精讲讲讲讲讲】引导时间状语从句的连词有：while,when,as,as soon as,till,until,notuntil,before,after,since,whenever,etc.时间状语连词例句说明when When I came into the room,he was writing a letter.当我进屋时，他正在写信。when“”指的是 某一具体的时间。while While it was raining,they went out.正当天下雨的时候，他们出去了。I stayed while he was away.他不在的时候而我在。然而()All of us are working hard while he issleeping.()然而，并列连词 指 在某一段时间里，while“”“在期间，有时表示主从句的轻微”转折，译为：“”然而 引导的动作必须是while持续性的。as He hurried home,looking behindheaswent.他赶快回家，一边走一边向后看。As time goes by,I like China better.随着时间的流逝，我越来越喜欢中国。（译为）引as“一边一边”导持续性动作，强调主句和从句的动作同时发生；译为as“随着”before I finished my taskI went home.before我做完作业才回家。在以前.知识点睛第 3 页 共 11 页从句 Be a pupil before you become ateacher.先做学生，再做先生。after He arrived.after the game started比赛开始后，他到了。after“”在之后tilluntil We waited till(until)he came back.我们一直等到他回来。She elevendidnt stop working until oclock.她直到点钟才停止工作。11 Until he had passed out of sight,she stood there.她站在那里看着，直到看不见他的身影。如主句动词是持续性动作，常用，表示 直到为止；肯定式“”表 示notuntil“直 到 才在以前不”“”。主句通常用。这时瞬间动词until 可用替换。before 【例】He didnt leave until/before I came back.有时可用代替never,nothingnot.如果从句放在句首表示强调，一般用不用until,till.since Great changesin Chinahave taken place since 1978.自从年以来中国发生了巨大的变1978化。主句动词为持续性的，从句动词为瞬间的。如果状语从句在主句之前时一般用逗号与主句分开；如果从 句在主句之后则不必用标点符号。as soon as As soon as I arrive in Shanghai,Ill write to you.我一到上海就给你写信。My brother went out as soon as I gothome.Ill phone you as soon as I arrive inTonghua.as soon as 表示主句发生的动作 发生在从句动作之后，意为“”一就。如果主句是一般将来时，情态动词加动词原形或祈使句时，时间状语从句用一般现在时。当主句是一般过去时，从句一般也用一般过去时，简言之：主主主主主将将将将将第 4 页 共 11 页 1.-Mr.Smith,please teach me how to draw on the computer today.-Oh,no._.You have to get familiar with the keyboard first.A.Its never too old to learnB.Think twice before you do C.Dont be a wet blanketD.Learn to walk before you run【答案【答案【答案【答案【答案】D【解析【解析【解析【解析【解析】句意：史米斯先生，请今天教我怎样用电脑画画。哦，不。心急吃不到热豆腐。你必须先熟悉键盘。考查谚语理解题。A.Its never too old to learn 活到老学到老。B.Think twice before you do三思而后行。C.Dont be a wet blanket 不要煞风景。D.Learn to walk before you run 心急吃不到热豆腐。根据句意语境，可知 Learn to walk before you run 符合语境，故选 D。2.When will she go home?She _ home_ she finishes her homework.A.wontgo;before,B.goes,;before C.wont go;untilD.go,;after【答案【答案【答案【答案【答案】C【解析【解析【解析【解析【解析】句意：她将什么时候回家？她直到完成作业才回家。直到才，根据句意和语境判断应选-notuntilC.3.-Could you tell me _?-Sorry，I dont know.I will call you _.A.when your brother comes back；when he will come back B.when your brother will come back；when he comes back C.when your brother comes back；when he comes back D.when your brother will come back；when he will come back从现；从现；从现；从现；从现；主过从过主过从过主过从过主过从过主过从过Whenever Whenever he sees the book,he will think of the good memory.无论何时，他看到那本书，他都会想起美好的记忆。whenever=no matter when无论何时第 5 页 共 11 页【答案【答案【答案【答案【答案】B【解析【解析【解析【解析【解析】句意：-你能告诉我你哥哥什么时候回来吗?对不起，我不知道。他回来时我会打电话给你。when 在前一句中，是特殊疑问词“什么时候”，在宾语从句中使用陈述句的语序；when 在后一句中，意思是“当时候”，引导时间状语从句，用一般现在时代替将来时。所以选 B。4.一 What were you and your parents doing_it began to rain last night?一 I was doing my homework_my parents were watching TV.A.when；whenB.while；whileC.when；whileD.while；when【答案【答案【答案【答案【答案】C【解析【解析【解析【解析【解析】句意：昨晚开始下雨的时候你和你父母正在干什么？我正在做家庭作业，而我的父母正在看电视。第一空引导时间状语从句，且 began 是瞬间性动词，所以用when 引导。第二空前后两句时态一致，且动作几乎同时进行，所以用 while 连接并列结构。故答案选 C。5.She didnt go to work _ that morning.She slept _ noon.A./tillB.ontillC.atatD./at【答案【答案【答案【答案【答案】A【解析】【解析】【解析】【解析】【解析】句意：那天早晨她没去上班，她一直睡到了中午。考查介词用法。当 morning 被 that 修饰时前面不能跟介词，排除 AD；till noon 表示一直到中午。故选 A。6._ will the meeting between the two National leaders last?_ they reach an agreement.A.When,UntilB.When,Not until C.How long,UntilD.How long,Not until【答案【答案【答案【答案【答案】C【解析】【解析】【解析】【解析】【解析】句意：两国领导人之间的会议会持续多久？直到他们达成了协议。考查特殊疑问句，When 什么时候（提问具体的时间）；Until 直到；How long 多久（问时间）；notuntil 直到才，但通常不用 notuntil。分析句意，可知第一句是问会议持续多长时间，用 How long 提问，回答是直到他们达成共识。用 Until。故选 C。第 6 页 共 11 页 7.The Greens have_ the flat in the centre of city_ five years ago.A.bought;sinceB.bought;forC.had;sinceD.had;for【答案【答案【答案【答案【答案】C【解析】【解析】【解析】【解析】【解析】句意为：格林一家从五年前起就住在市中心的那套公寓里。bought 买（buy 的过去式和过去分词）；had 有；吃；得到（动词 have 的过去式和过去分词）；for 给，对，供；以帮助，为了；关于；since 因为；由于；既然；自以来；自 以后。综合分析前后句，可知此处填 had;since 最合适，依据 five years ago.表示自此之后。这之后一直延续至今，故用延续性动词had，bought 是短暂性动词。正确答案为：C 8.He called me _ he started.And _ he arrives,Ill meet him at the airport.A.after;becauseB.before;as soon as C.while;whenD.until;as soon as【答案【答案【答案【答案【答案】B【解析【解析【解析【解析【解析】句意：在他出发之前给我打了电话。他一到我就去机场接他。在之前用；一就用。-before-as soon as 故选。B二、重点单词二、重点单词二、重点单词二、重点单词二、重点单词 【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】1 againstprep.;.;对抗 与相反 违反 against“;.;”,for,“;”是一个介词，意为 对抗 与相反 违反 其反义词为意为 支持 拥护。e.g.We are playing against the league champions next week.下周我们要和联赛冠军队比赛。We were rowing against the current.我们正划船逆流而上。Are you for or against the proposal?你支持还是反对这个建议 拓展拓展拓展拓展拓展 against 的其他常见用法 对不利 证据对他不利。.The evidence is against him.紧靠 倚 碰 撞把钢琴放在那儿 紧靠着墙。;Put the piano there,against the wall.,以防他们采取了防火措施。They took actions against fire.When you visit a museum,some instructions should _and wed better not_ them.A.pay attention to;be againstB.be paid attention;against第 7 页 共 11 页 C.be paid attention to;againstD.be paid attention to;be against【答案【答案【答案【答案【答案】D【解析【解析【解析【解析【解析】句意：当你参观博物馆时，一些说明应该被注意到，我们最好不违反他们。第一个空应是被动语态的结构be+过去分词；pay attention to 注意；had better not do 最好不做某事；against 介词，反对；故选 D。三、重点句型三、重点句型三、重点句型三、重点句型三、重点句型【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】(1)They can be placedor in the middle of sentences.at the beginning at the beginning of“”“at the end of”“/”意为 在之初，反义词短语为意为 在末尾 尽头。At the beginning of 1975 he came back to China.(2)Before and after can alsoprepositions of time.be used as be used as“”意为 被用作。例如：The big table can be used as a bed.English is used as a very useful working language.【拓展】常见的短语used 1.be used to do sth.被用来做某事 2.be used for doing sth.被用来做某事 3.be/get used to doing sth.习惯做某事 (3)Ia call from my uncle.received receive“意为 收到、接到，常同连用；另外，”fromreceive 表示客观上收到或者拿到，但主观上不一定接受，accept 强调主观上愿意接受。例如：I was happy to receive a call from my old friend.I received his gift yesterday,but I wouldnt like to accept it.(4).he didntbasketball until/till he was 12.(P.56)become serious about become/be serious about“”意为 认真对待，后接名词、代词或者动名词。例如：You know that I could not become serious about such a man.She is serious about her future.(5)The best moment is his career was in 2004he scored 41 points in a gametheAtlanta Hawks.against against“”be against“”be for“”此处是介词，意为 对抗、与相反，反对，反义词为支持。第 8 页 共 11 页 例如：Our school plays against their school at basketball.We are all against his idea.【拓展】还可以意为 靠着、迎着。against“”例如：He stood with his back against the door.He hit his head against the window.(6)WhenYao Ming was living in the USA,heto China whenever he was needed.returned return“”go/come back toreturn to+“”此处作不及物动词，表示 回归、返回，相当于。地点，意为 返回某地。例如：I returned to my school yesterday.Ann will visit you when she returns to London.【拓展】作及物动词，表示 归还，相当于。return“”give back You should return the piano to Dick on time.分层练习一、根一、根一、根一、根一、根据句意或据句意或据句意或据句意或据句意或中文中文中文中文中文提示写出提示写出提示写出提示写出提示写出单词。单词。单词。单词。单词。1.If you feel_out and unable to think clearly,that is when you have to get a rest.2.Mueller_()three points in his first football match.得分 3.He didnt become_()about study until he was 12认真的 4.On Sunday,that famous basketball player said that he would end his basketball_().生涯 5.Their team will have the final game_()the Pistons inAuburn Hills this Saturday.对抗 【答案】1tired 2scored 3serious 4career 5against 二、用二、用二、用二、用二、用，或或或或或填空填空填空填空填空。beforewhenwhilesinceuntil 1.I was about to take a shower in the bathroom_I heard my mobile phone ringing.2.-Have you known the football star for a long time?-Yes,_I was seven.3.-Did you realize your money was missing on the bus?-No,not_I had to pay for the shoes.4.At eight last night,my mother was watching TV_my father was reading a magazine.第 9 页 共 11 页 5.-Did you have fun during your trip to Beijing?-Yes.It was time to leave there_we knew it.【答案】1when 2since 3until 4while 5before一根据一根据一根据一根据一根据首字母提首字母提首字母提首字母提首字母提示补示补示补示补示补全短文。全短文。全短文。全短文。全短文。Apoor farmer had a friend who was famous for the wonderful apple trees he grew.One day,his friend 1.g_the farmer a young apple tree and told him to take it home and plant it.The farmer was 2.h_with the gift,but when he got home,he did not know 3.w_to plant it.He was afraid that if he planted the tree near the 4.r_,strangers would steal the fruit.If he planted the tree in one of his fields,his neighbors would come at night and steal some of the 5.a_.If he planted the tree near his house,his children would take the fruit.6.F_,he planted the tree in the woods.But 7.w_sunlight and good soil)the tree soon died.（土壤，Later the friend asked the farmer why he planted the tree in such a poor 8.P_.“Whats the difference?”the farmer asked angrily.The friend 9.a_,“If you planted the tree in the sunlight,at least someone could 10.e_the fruit.Now you not only have robbed everyone of the fruit,but also have destroyed a good apple tree.”【答案】，1gave 2happy 3where 4road 5apples6.Finally 7.without 8.place 9,answered 10.enjoy二完型二完型二完型二完型二完型填空填空填空填空填空 I amAli.I have always believed in myself.My parents taught me to be1and that I could be the best at anything.I remember challenging my neighborhood boys to see who could jump the highest and run the fastest.Of course I knew when I made the challenge that I would win.I never even2losing.I started my boxing(拳击 )3when I was 12.In high school I boasted(自夸 )4,if not daily,that one day I was5to be the champion of the world.As part of my training,I would run down the street.I would rush in and out of shops to tell them I was training for the Olympics and that I was going to6a gold medal.I never thought of failing.I only thought of the glory(荣誉 )I was going to7when I won.When I said I was going to be the“Greatest ofAll Time”,I8myself.And I still do.But I didnt know that my will would be tested when I retired(退休 ).In 1984,I had Parkinsons disease.But my confidence and will to continue to live will9be defeated(打败).第 10 页 共 11 页 In 1996,I was asked to10the cauldron(圣火 )at the Summer Olympic Games inAtlanta.Of course my answer was yes.I never thought that the disease would be a problem.1.A.braveB.confidentC.honestD.polite 2.A.gave upB.went onC.thought ofD.heard of 3.A.diaryB.matchC.trainingD.watching 4.A.yearlyB.loudlyC.proudlyD.weekly 5.A.willingB.sureC.hopefulD.active 6.A.winB.loseC.findD.buy 7.A.needB.getC.decideD.make 8.A.believed inB.cared aboutC.turned toD.went through 9.A.foreverB.neverC.nearlyD.almost 10.A.takeB.carryC.watchD.touch【答案【答案【答案【答案【答案】1-5 BCCDB6-10ABABB【文章大【文章大【文章大【文章大【文章大意】意】意】意】意】本文是一篇记叙文，拳王阿里以第一人称讲述了自己如何走上拳击职业道路，以及患帕金森症后依然热爱生活的信心和意志。1.B【解析】句意：我的父母教会我要自信。brave勇敢的；confident自信的；honest 诚实的；polite 礼貌的。根据下文 “I could be the best at anything”可知，父母教导阿里要自信，相信自己能把任何事都做好。故选 B。2.C【解析】句意：我从没想过会输。gave up放弃；went on 继续；thought of 考虑；heard of 听说。根据上文 “Of course I knew when I made the challenge that I would win”可知，阿里认为自己在挑战他人的时候会赢，所以他从没想过会输。故选 C。3.C【解析】句意：我 12 岁时就开始练拳击了。diary 日记；match比赛；training训练；watching 观看。根据下文 “As part of my training”可知，此处指的是阿里 12 岁时就开始练拳击了。故选C。4.D【解析】句意：高中时我每周都会吹嘘自己。yearly每年；loudly 大声地；proudly骄傲地；weekly 每周。根据下文 “if not daily”可知，阿里不是每天，就是每周吹嘘自己。故选D。5.B【解析】句意：有一天我一定会成为世界冠军。willing 乐意的；sure确定的；hopeful 有希望的；active活跃的。根据上文 “In high school I boasted weekly,if not daily”可知，阿里经常吹嘘自己，所以他认为他一定会成为世界冠军。故选 B。6.A【解析】句意：我要赢得一枚金牌。win 赢；lose 输；find 发现；buy 买。根据上文 “I was training for theOlympics”可知，阿里以奥运为目标训练，他的目标是为了赢得一枚奥运金牌。故选 A。7.B【解析】句意：我只想着以后我会得到的荣誉。need 需要；get 得到；decide 决定；make 使。结合前后第 11 页 共 11 页文 “the glory when I won”可知，阿里只想着以后他会得到的荣誉。故选B。8.A【解析】句意：我相信我自己。believed in 相信；cared about关心；turned to 向求助；went through经历。根据上文 “When I said I was going to be the“Greatest ofAll Time”可知，阿里说自己将成为“史上最伟大的人”时，那时候他是很相信他自己的。故选 A。9.B【解析】句意：但我继续活下去的信心和意志永远不会被打败。forever 永远；never 决不；nearly几乎；almost差不多。根据上文 “I had Parkinsons disease.But my confidence and will to continue to live”可知，阿里虽然得了帕金森症，但他的信心和意志决不会被打败。故选 B。10.B【解析】句意：我被邀请在亚特兰大夏季奥运会上举起圣火。take取走；carry 举、提；watch 观看；touch触摸。根据下文 “the cauldron at the Summer Olympic Games inAtlanta”及结合常识可知，阿里在亚特兰大夏季奥运会上举起了圣火。故选 B。