Unit 1 Know yourself 课时3 Grammar-知识精讲+分层练习（教师版）.pdf

第 1 页 共 12 页 Unit 1 Know yourself 课时 3 Grammar重点重点重点重点重点词汇词汇词汇词汇词汇 1.vt._接受 2.n._画家词汇词汇词汇词汇词汇拓展拓展拓展拓展拓展 3.adj.adj._不耐烦的，急躁的耐心的 4.adj._adv._温和的；文雅的轻轻地；温柔地，温和地 5.adv._adj._最近最近的 6.n._vt._经理管理；经营；设法重点重点重点重点重点词组词组词组词组词组 1._ 2._接受他人的建议三思而行 3._4._担心太多洗碗 5._6._生他人的气对有耐心 7.know about types of personality_重点重点重点重点重点句型句型句型句型句型1.或者西蒙或者戴维乐意接受新挑战。_ Simon _David _ready to take on new challenges.2.你认为我们的同学们在将来能做什么工作？What jobs _ _ _our classmates can do _ _ _?3.她不但愿意和孩子们一起工作而且对他们有耐心。Shesnotonly_childrenbutalso_them.4.我恐怕戴维和莉萨的性格都不适合当画家。_Davids _Lisas personality _ _ _being an artist,Imafraid.5.比利和保罗都很自信而且精力充沛。_Billy _Paul _very confident and energetic.6.我父母和我都不认为我能成为一个好的会计。_my parents _I think I can make a good accountant.目标导航第 2 页 共 12 页 【答案【答案【答案【答案【答案】一、1.accept2.artist 二、3.impatient;patient4.gentle;gently 5.recently;recent6.manager;manage 二、1.accept others advice2.think twice(about sth.)3.worry too much4.do the dishes5.get angry with others 6.be patient with.7.知道性格的类型 三、1.Either;or;is2.do you think;in the future3.willing to work with;patient with4.Neither;nor;is suitable for5.Both;and;are6.Neither;nor并列并列并列并列并列连词连词连词连词连词一一一一一 and/but/or/so1.and：和；而且和；而且和；而且和；而且和；而且；又；又；又；又；又；然后；然后；然后；然后；然后【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】1)表示并列、顺承和递进关系，连接词性相同的单词、短语或句子。As for grammar,English and Chinese have something in common.相对于语法来说，英语和汉语有很多相似之处。2)用于 祈使句陈述句 结构，并列连词之后的陈述句表示一个较好的结果，祈使句表示“and+will.”and 一个条件，可与引导的条件句互相转换。if Hurry up and you will catch the early bus.=If you hurry up,you will catch the early bus.1)Betty speaks English best in our classshe often helps us with it.A.andB.butC.orD.for【答案【答案【答案【答案【答案】A【解析解析解析解析解析】句意：在我们班贝蒂英语讲得最好，并且她经常帮助我们学英语。考查并列连词。and 和；but 但是；or 或者；for 因为。结合语 境可知，空处表示顺承关系，用 and 连接前后句，故选 A。知识点睛第 3 页 共 12 页 2)“Help others whenever you can,_ you will make the world a nice place,”the mother said to herdaughter.A.andB.orC.butD.so【答案【答案【答案【答案【答案】A【解析解析解析解析解析】句意：母亲对女儿说：“只要你能帮助别人，你就会把世界变成一个美好的地方。”。考查连词辨析。and 然后，和；or 否则；but 但是；so 因此。根据 “Help others whenever you can.you will make the world a nice place”可知，此处是“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”的结构，前后句是递进的关系，应用连词 and。故选 A。2.but 用法：用法：用法：用法：用法：【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】(1)but 用法连词，表示让步关系，意思是 除非，要不是，常与一起构成相当于。例“”thatbut that,if.not 如：要不是你们帮助我，我就会失败I would have failed but that your helped me.(2)butdoubt,question,deny用于否定词加等到之后，没有实在意义，只相当于关系连词例如：that.Theres no doubt but he is a thief.毫无疑问，他是一个贼。(3)but 用作介词，表示 除了 意义，相当于例如：“”besides,except.No one knows him but she.除了她，没有人认识她。My room _ Janes room are tidy,_ Lucys room isnt.A.and;andB.and;orC.and;butD.but;and【答案【答案【答案【答案【答案】C【解析解析解析解析解析】句意：我的房间和简的房间是整洁的，但是露西的房间不是。考查并列连词。and 和，而且，表示并列或顺承或递进关系；or 或者，也不，通常用于否定句和疑问句；but 但是，表示转折关系。“My room”和“Janes room”是并列关系，可知第一个空填 and；第二个空前后句之间是转折关系，可知第二个空填 but；故选 C。三：so：所：所：所：所：所以以以以以 用法用法用法用法用法【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】1)so“”therefore表示因果关系，意为 所以，因此，于是。类似的词：。My mother asked me to go home,so I left school early.妈妈让我回家，因此我早早地就离开了学校。第 4 页 共 12 页 2)sobecause与不可以同时用在一个句子里。Mary was ill,so she did nt go to school today.=Because Mary was ill,she did nt go to school today.How is your leg?It is still painful,_ Im going to see a doctor now.A.thoughB.butC.orD.so【答案【答案【答案【答案【答案】D【解析解析解析解析解析】句意：你的腿怎么样了？还是疼，所以我现在要去看医生。考查连词辨析。though 尽管；but但是；or 或者；so 所以。“It is still painful”与 “Im going to see a doctor now”是因果关系，因为腿疼，所以要去看医生。故选 D。二二二二二 .both and/not onlybut(also)/eitheror/neithernor 1.not only.but(also).【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】not only.but(also).also在句中常用来连接两个对等的成分，可以省略。如：她在课堂上和家里都说俄语。She speaks Russian not only in class but(also)at home.【拓展】not only.but(also).用来连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单、复数遵循 就近原则，即和后的名词“”but(also)或代词的数一致。如：Not only you but also he is tired of having one examination after another.不但你，而且他也讨厌一次接一次的考试。not only.but(also).连接两个分句，当位于句首，前一个分句常用倒装来表示强调，而not onlybut(also)后的分句仍用陈述语序。如：Not only does Miss Li like music,but(also)she likes sports.李小姐不但喜欢音乐，而且还喜欢体育。【注意】使用中注意两点：1.就近。指谓语形式取决于离它近的主语。Not only the students but also the teacher reads English every day.第 5 页 共 12 页 2not onlybut alsoShe can not only sing but also dance.、一致。与后面所接的词类要一致。_Mary _ her parents take regular exercise in order to keep fit.A.Not only but alsoB.Either orC.NeithernorD.Not onlyas well【答案【答案【答案【答案【答案】A【解析【解析【解析【解析【解析】句意：不仅玛丽而且她的父母为了保持健康也做日常锻练。不但而且；A.Not only but alsoB.Either orC.NeithernorD.Not onlyas well或者或者；既不也不；无此搭配；根据 句意及语境此题应选。A2.both.and.【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】both.and.：和两者都；既又 连接两个主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，否定结构为 neither.nor Both her mother and she can speak English very well.她的妈妈和她，英语讲得都很好。Getting enough sleep is good for _ health _ study.A.neither;norB.both;andC.either;norD.neither;or【答案【答案【答案【答案【答案】B【解析【解析【解析【解析【解析】试题分析：句意：获得足够的睡眠对健康和对学习都有好处。既不也不；A.neither;norB.both;and CDB和都；选项本身错误，根据句意，故选。3.eitheror.或者或者或者或者或者或者或者或者或者或者【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】either.or.：不是就是；要么要么，连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数须与后面的主语保.or持一致 就近原则。()We only need one person.Either Mary or Tom is ok.MaryTom我们只需要一个人，要么是，要么是都可以。-I hear a new film is on these days.Shall we go to the cinema together，Lucy and Lily?-_ Lily_ I will go with you because one of us musthelp our father第 6 页 共 12 页A.Either;norB.Either;orC.Neither;norD.Both;and【答案【答案【答案【答案【答案】B【解析解析解析解析解析】句意：我听说最近有一部新电影，我们一起去看电影好吗，露西和莉莉？要么莉莉要么我和你一起去，因为我们中的一个必须帮助我们的爸爸。A.Either;nor 搭配不对；B.Either;or 或者或者；C.Neither;nor 既不也不；D.Both;and和都。根据 “because one of us must help our father”可知，只能有一个人去，故答案为 B。4.neithernor.既不既不既不既不既不也也也也也不不不不不【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】neither.nor.nor()：既不也不连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数须与后面的主语保持一致 就近原则。Neither Mum nor Dad is at home today.妈妈和爸爸今天都不在家。_ both Jim and Jane interested in taking photos in High School Affiliated to SWU?一 I dont think so._ Jim _Jane shows any interest in that.A.Do;Not only,but alsoB.Are;Not only,but also C.Do;Neither,norD.Are;Neither,nor【答案【答案【答案【答案【答案】D【解析解析解析解析解析】句意：吉姆和简都对在西南大学附属中学拍照感兴趣吗？我不这么认为。吉姆和简对那件事都不 感兴趣。考查一般疑问句和连词辨析。Not only,but also不但而且；Neither,nor既不也不。be interested in“”beAC“I dont think so.”对有兴趣，一般疑问句需要提前动词，故排除；根据可知两人 都对此不感兴趣。故选。D三三三三三 .Sometimes she is impatient.有时候她没耐有时候她没耐有时候她没耐有时候她没耐有时候她没耐心。心。心。心。心。【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】impatientim+patient不耐烦的，急躁的，由否定前缀构成 常用短语 be impatient with N.Impatience 知识拓展：都可用作否定前缀，放在一些形容词或动词前表示否定in-,im-,un-,dis-Correct-incorrect第 7 页 共 12 页Polite-impoliteNecessary-unnecessaryAgree-disagree Its _ to sleep with lots of noise around.I cant agree more.Noise makes people _.A.possible;impatientB.impossible;impatient C.possible;sleeplessD.impossible;sleepy【答案【答案【答案【答案【答案】B【】解析解析解析解析解析句意：周围有很多噪音是不可能入睡的。我完全同意。噪音使人不耐烦。考查形容词辨析。possible 可能的；不耐烦的；不可能的；困倦的；失眠的；根据impatientimpossiblesleepysleepless“sleep with lots of noise around”可知，如果有很多噪音，入睡是不可能的，排除选项；结合常识可知，噪音会使人感到不A/C 耐烦，故选。B四四四四四 .She worries too much.她太担心了她太担心了她太担心了她太担心了她太担心了【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】too muchworries太，过于，在本句中修饰谓语动词，表示程度知识拓展：Too much“太多”，修饰不可数名词 Too many“太多”，修饰可数名词的复数形式 Much too“非常，太”修饰形容词或副词 The meat isdelicious.Yes,but dont eat.A.too much;too muchB.much too;too much C.too much;much tooD.much too;much too【答案【答案【答案【答案【答案】B 五五五五五.It is you who shape your life and your future.第 8 页 共 12 页【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】句中“被强调的部分原句其他部分”是一种强调句型，用于加强语气。It is+who/that+是我爸爸给了我零花钱。Its my father who gives me my pocket money.六六六六六 .It is said that people born in theYear of the Tiger are brave.【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】【精讲】It is said that.是一种固定句式，意思是“据说”。据说，他观看了在巴西举行的年世界杯足球联赛的大部分赛事。2014 It is said that he watched most games of the 2014 FIFAWorld Cup held in Brazil.同类归纳：it is believed that.it is known that.it is reported that.分层练习 一、选用 both.and.,either.or.,neither.nor.not only.but also.或填空 1._ you _ your brother can join us.We want one of you.2.I would like you to talk about the Great Wall.一 Im sorry,but _ Jack _ I have been there.3.I am a fan of Liu Qian._ his magic _ his humor attracts me.4._ my father _ my mother believes what star signs say,but I do.5.I hear _ your grandpa _ your grandma like watching Peking Opera.Right,just as many old people do in Beijing.6.Do you go to school by bus?No,_ Sandy _ I take a bus to school.We live near our school.【答案【答案【答案【答案【答案】1.Either;or2.neither;nor3.Not only;but also4.Neither;nor 5.both;and6.neither;nor二、单项选择第 9 页 共 12 页 1.Do you play _ piano in your free time?一 No,I like sports.I often play _ soccer with my friends.A./,theB.the,/C.the,theD.a,a 2.The chemicals in the vegetables and fruit are bad _ our health.A.fromB.withC.ofD.for 3.The meat is _ delicious.一 Yes,but dont eat _.A.too much,too muchB.much too,too much C.too much,much tooD.much too,much too 4.How do you like the two pairs of shorts?They dont fit me well.They are _ too long _ too short.A.not only;but alsoB.both;and C.neither;norD.either;or 5.It was raining heavily,_ we decided to stay at home and watch TV.A.butB.orC.becauseD.so 1.B【解析】考查定冠词和零冠词的用法。piano(钢琴）属于乐器，与连用时前面要用定冠词，playthe soccer(足 球）属于球类，与连用时前面不加定冠词，故答案选。playB 2.D“”be bad for【解析】考查介词的用法。句意为 在蔬菜和水果里的化学物质对我们的健康有害。为固定搭配，意为 对有害。“”3.Btoo muchmuch too【解析】考查短语的用法。太多的，修饰不可数名词，也可用在动词后；太，非常，修饰形容词或副词原级。根据可知要用来修饰，意为 太美味的，表示 别吃得太多 用deliciousmuch too“”“”too muchB，所以选择答案。4.D_not【解析】句意：你认为这两条短裤怎么样？它们不适合我。它们太大，太小。only.but alsoboth.andneither.noreither.or不但而且；两者都；既不也不；或者或者，根据 答句中前句句意可知要用 either.or或者或者。5.D【解析】句意：雨下得很大，所以我们决定待在家里看电视。A.but 但是；B.or 或者；C.because 因为；D.so“”因此。根据句意可知前后分句之间为因果关系，此处应用 因此。三、根据所给汉语完成下列句子，每空词数不限1.她为什么拒绝接受那件礼物呢？Why did she _ that gift?第 10 页 共 12 页2.你做坏事前要三思。You should _ before you do bad things.3.你们家谁洗碗？Who _ in your home?4.丹尼尔不但聪明，而且勤奋。Daniel is _.5.我和他都不来自北京。_ comes from Beijing-6.他不是今天来，就是明天来。Hes coming _.【答案】1.refuse to accept 2.think twice3.does the dishes4.not only clever but also hard-working5.Neither I nor he6.either today or tomorrow完型填完型填完型填完型填完型填空空空空空 My mother was a nurse.She left at 5:45 a.m,so I had to wake myself up,fix breakfast,and walk to the 7:30 a.m.bus.I hated being left home alone in the1,but I especially hated having to take the bus.Mom worked the day shift so she could pick me up after school.One day,as we walked to our car,I saw an old man walking towards us.He2broke into a wide smile,but I didnt know him.“Leigh!Leigh!”he said,3my mothers name.“Hello,”she answered.“How are you feeling?”“Couldnt be better!Thanks.Now who is this lovely young person?”he asked4.“This is my daughter,”Mom replied,looking over to me.“Jenny,can you say hello?”I looked at him and smiled,unsure of my5.“Well,it is very nice to meet you.I hope you know how lucky you are!”he said.I looked at him in6as I had no idea what he was talking about and I didnt feel lucky at all.“You have the most wonderful,caring and lovely mother,”he said.“When I was in hospital last month,she took the best care of me.She made me better every day.In fact,young7,I shall never forget her.”I watched this strangers joy in my mom.He kept thanking her and thanking her.第 11 页 共 12 页 Right then I suddenly8what it meant for my mom to be a nurse.She was caring for,serving,and loving those strangers,often during some of the9times in their lives.It wasnt the last time I witnessed someone thanking Mom or10her on her bedside manner,but it was the first time I understood why I stood at the bus stop every morning.1.A.morningB.afternoonC.eveningD.night 2.A.smoothlyB.simplyC.suddenlyD.slowly 3.A.writingB.callingC.readingD.asking 4.A.carefullyB.curiouslyC.cheerfullyD.calmly 5.A.looksB.ageC.moodsD.role 6.A.surpriseB.hopeC.doubtD.envy 7.A.ladyB.manC.personD.student 8.A.acceptedB.explainedC.consideredD.realized 9.A.happiestB.darkestC.busiestD.warmest 10.A.praisingB.greetingC.attackingD.reminding【答案【答案【答案【答案【答案】1-5 ACBCD6-10 ACDBA【文章文章文章文章文章大意】大意】大意】大意】大意】文章讲述了作者的妈妈是一名护士，每天早上很早出门，作者不得不自己收拾一切，直到有一次作者看到妈妈被一位照顾过的病人表扬的时候，作者才意识到这对于妈妈意为着什么。【解析解析解析解析解析】1.句意：我讨厌早上一个人呆在家里，尤其讨厌乘公共汽车。morning 早上；afternoon 下午；evening 傍晚；night 晚上；根据 “She left at 5:45 a.m,so I had to wake myself up,fix breakfast,and walk to the 7:30 a.m.bus.”可知，作者讨厌早上一个人在家，故选 A。2.句意：他突然露出灿烂的笑容，但我不认识他。smoothly 流畅地；simply 简单地；suddenly突然；slowly慢慢地；根据 “I saw an old man walking towards us.”以及 “broke into a wide smile”可知，此处说的是突然露出灿烂的笑容，故选 C。3.句意：他叫着我母亲的名字说。writing 写；calling 叫；reading 读；asking 问；根据“Leigh!Leigh!”可知，是叫着作者母亲的名字，故选 B。4.句意：他高兴地问。carefully 仔细地；curiously 好奇地；cheerfully 高兴地；calmly镇定地；根据“.Couldnt be better!”以及后文对母亲的表扬可知，这个人心情是非常好的，应该是高兴地问，故选 C。5.句意：我看着他笑了笑，不确定自己的角色。looks 相貌，表情；age 年龄；moods情绪；role角色；根据第 12 页 共 12 页 “broke into a wide smile,but I didnt know him.”以及 “Jenny,can you say hello?”可知，对于这个作者不认识的人，被要求跟他打招呼，作者不知道应该用什么样的角色跟他打招呼，故选 D。6.句意：我惊讶地看着他。surprise 惊讶；hope 希望；doubt 怀疑；envy 嫉妒；根据 “as I had no idea what he was talking about”可知，作者对于那个人说的话感到惊讶，故选 A。7.句意：其实，年轻人，我永远不会忘记她。lady 女士；man 男人；person 人；student学生；根据“this lovely young person”可知，这里是陌生男人对作者说的话，用 young person指代作者，故选 C。8.句意：就在那时，我突然意识到对我妈妈来说，当护士意味着什么。accepted 接受；explained 解释；considered考虑；realized 意识到；根据 “what it meant for my mom to be a nurse”可知，这是作者意识到的，故选 D。9.句意：她照顾、服务、爱护那些陌生人，常常是在他们生命中最黑暗的时期。happiest 最幸福的；darkest 最黑暗的；busiest 最忙的；warmest 最温暖的；根据 “She was caring for,serving,and loving those strangers”及常识可知，作者意识到妈妈在这些陌生人最艰难最黑暗的时期照顾他们，故选 B。10.句意：这不是我最后一次看到有人感谢妈妈或赞扬她对病人的态度，但这是我第一次明白为什么我每天早上都要站在公交车站。praising 表扬；greeting 问候；attacking 攻击；reminding 提醒；根据 “When I was in hospital last month she took the best care of me.She made every day better.”可知，妈妈受到了她照顾的病人们的感谢和赞扬，故选 A。