高一下英语期末2023南师附中高一下期末考试（解析版）.docx

南京师大附中2022-2023学年度第2学期高一年级期末考试英语试卷注意事项考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求1. 本试卷满分为150分, 考试时间为120分钟。2. 答卷前, 务必将姓名、班级、学号、考场号、座位号、准考证号填写在答题卡上。3. 请用0.5毫米黑色签字笔按题号在答题卡指定区域作答, 在其它位置作答一律无效。第一部分 听力 (共两节, 满分20分) 第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1分, 满分5分) 听下面5段对话, 每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What sport does the man like best? A Skiing. B. Ice skating. C. Skateboarding. 2. What will the man probably do? A. Have his car fixed. B. Go shopping with Lisa. C. Drive the woman to a park. 3. Where might the man be? A. In a boat. B. In a pool. C. In a bathroom. 4. What might the man have done? A. He quit the job at school. B. He gave a class to the students. C. He gave the woman an opportunity. 5. What is most important to the woman? A. Her bank account. B. Her happiness. C. Her job. 第二节听下面5段对话或独白, 每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。6. What is the conversation mainly about? A. Research on coffee drinking B. Effects of sleeping habits. C. Studies about a disease. 7. When does the woman like to drink coffee? A. In the afternoon. B. In the evening. C. In the morning. 听第7 段材料, 回答第8、9 题。8. How much did the man pay for the taxi? A. $10. B. $20. C. $30. 9. What does the man seem to be good at? A. Getting to places on time. B. Doing his work. C. Finishing all of the food. 听第8 段材料, 回答第16 至12 题。10. What are the speakers discussing? A. A travel plan. B. A past camping trip. C. A company activity. 11. What happened to the speakers last year? A. They moved to Italy. B. They had an accident. C. They lost some money in a forest. 12. Where do the speakers decide to go in the end? A. To the mountains. B. To the seaside. C. To the desert. 听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。13. What does the woman give the man first? A. Her passport. B. Her ticket C. Her name. 14. Where does the woman ask to sit at first? A. In first class. B. By the washroom. C. Near the walkway. 15. What time is it now? . 9: 20. B. 9: 30. C. 9: 40.16. How does the woman feel in the end? A. Regretful B. Grateful. C. Confused. 听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。17. Why does Penang Toy Museum enter the Malaysian Book of Records? A. It has the biggest toy in Malaysia. B. Its the largest museum in Malaysia. C. Its the first toy museum in Malaysia. 18. When did the owner get his first toy? A. In 1973. B. In 2000. C. In 2005. 19. What do we know about the Gundam robot? A. Its from Malaysia. B. Its cheap and ordinary. C. Its 180 centimeters tall. 20. How many hours is the museum open on Saturday? A. 6. B. 9. C. 12. 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节, 满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。AThe International Voluntary Service runs a number of Youth Exchanges throughout the year. Youth Exchanges give small groups of 4-5 young people the opportunity to take part in volunteering trips abroad for an average of two weeksThese young people are joined by 4-5 young people from 3-4 other nationalities and are a wonderful intercultural experience in a safe environment.Example Youth Exchanges：Youth Exchange 1Location：IrelandOther nationalities：Ireland，Spain，Italy，HungaryTheme：Focuses on the topic of community reconstruction and community activitiesexploring how local issues facing our communities are connected to global issuesThe group will also learn about the eco-village as an example of a community and take part in team-building activities.Youth Exchange 2Location：FranceOther nationalities：Bulgaria，Italy，FranceTheme：Organic gardening & continual livingThis project will take place in a natural park，where the group will take part in gardening activities and gamesworkshops about continuous developmentYouth Exchange 3Location：MacedoniaOther nationalities：Serbia，Turkey，IrelandTheme：Foster social inclusion and motivate personal development of young people through sports and outdoor activitiesPromote outdoor activities as a tool to help inclusion of young people with fewer opportunitiesYouth Exchange 4Location：ItalyOther nationalities：Italy，Bulgaria，GreeceTheme：A sociaI-environmental project that intends to promote social inclusion and continuable development，regarded as a process of civil rights and active citizenship. Over 10 days, the group will participate in activities to raise awareness about the effect of our behavior on the environment1. What do you focus on when travelling in France?A. Gardening work.B. Civil rights.C. Developing social inclusion.D. Rebuilding communities.2. If you are interested in protecting the environment，you can take part in _.A. Youth Exchange 1B. Youth Exchange 2C. Youth Exchange 3D. Youth Exchange 43. Which nationality are Youth Exchanges most popular with?A. SpainB. Italy.C. Ireland.D. France.【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几项青年交流项目。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文中Theme：Organic gardening & continual living.可知，法国旅游主要集中在园艺方面。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文中Theme：A sociaI-environmental project that intends to promote social inclusion and continuable development，regarded as a process of civil rights and active citizenship. 可知，Youth Exercise 4是关于环保的。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。文中四则消息中，三则都包括意大利，故判断意大利最流行。故选B。BOfficials from Brazils Indigenous (原住民) protection agency approached the hut in the middle of the Amazon rainforest. They were witnessing the first recorded dying out of an uncontacted tribe in the countrys history. The man lying there, the last member of his tribe, had died and with him an entire culture and answers to a thousand questions. Even his name was a mystery. He was known only as “the Man of the Hole” because of the dozens of holes he had dug over the years in his territory. His age, too, could only be guessed at. He appeared to be about 60, officials said. It was a sad milestone for a country that in recent years has seen protections for Indigenous groups undermined by an administration that has prioritized (优先) development of the Amazon over conservation. In Rondonia, the only resident of the 8,000-hectare area lived in complete isolation for at least 26 years after the rest of his group was killed by ranchers (农场主) advancing the agricultural frontier. Brazils Indigenous protection agency, Funai, made direct contact with the last surviving man only in 1996. Marcelo dos Santos, an Indigenous expert, said he was found hiding in his hut. “We tried to establish a conversation and offered corn and arrows, but he was terrified and very aggressive (具有攻击性). From this moment on, we had to respect his isolation.”Even with protections in place, the territory suffered widespread deforestation up until about 13 years ago. Attacks on the last surviving man continued, as well, including one by armed gunmen in 2009, according to local news reports. “For me, he was somehow incredible: to be able to survive on his own, not speak to anybody and avoid all contact maybe out of grief or determination,” said Fionad Watson, a research director at Survival International, a London-based rights organization.4. What did the death of “the Man of the Hole” suggest?A. An uncontacted tribe went extinct.B. An entire culture would be recorded.C. The secrets around him would be unearthed.D. The protection agency was unwilling to rescue him.5. The underlined word “undermined” in para. 4 is closest in meaning to “_”.A. strengthenedB. monitoredC. soughtD. weakened6. What happened to “the Man of the Hole” in 1996?A. He made the protection agencys approach a failure.B. He witnessed the most severe deforestation in history.C. He escaped being shot by a group of aggressive gunmen.D. He learned more survival skills with arrows offered by Funai.7. What did Fiona Watson regard “the Man of the Hole” as?A. A mysteryB. An evolutionC. A wonderD. A fortune【答案】4. A 5. D 6. A 7. C【解析】【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。巴西的亚马逊雨林中部的一个部落随着其最后一个成员的离世而消失了，文章分析了其中的原因，指出了巴西政府对于保护土著群体的不作为。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“When officials from Brazils Indigenous (原住民) protection agency approached the hut in the middle of the Amazon rainforest, their fears were confirmed: They were witnessing the first recorded dying out of an uncontacted tribe in the countrys history. (当巴西土著保护机构的官员接近亚马逊雨林中部的小屋时，他们的担忧得到了证实：他们正在目睹该国历史上第一次有记录的与世隔绝的部落死亡。)”，第二段“The man lying there, the last member of his tribe, had died, and with him an entire culture and answers to a thousand questions. (躺在那里的那个人，他部落的最后一个成员，已经死了，随着他的死，整个文化和成千上万个问题的答案也都死了)”可知，随着这个男子的离世，一个与世隔绝的部落灭绝了。故选A。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段“It was a sad milestone for a country that in recent years has seen protections for Indigenous groups undermined by an administration that has prioritized development of the Amazon over conservation. (这对一个国家来说是一个悲伤的里程碑，因为近年来，政府将亚马逊的开发置于保护之上，undermined对土著群体的保护)”可知，政府优先考虑开发亚马逊，而不是对这个地方的保护，因此削弱了对土著群体的保护，从而导致土著群体的消失，致使悲剧发生，划线词意为“削弱”，与weakened意思相近。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段“Brazils Indigenous protection agency, Funai made direct contact with the last surviving man only in 1996. Marcelo dos Santos, an Indigenous expert, who led the Funai exploit that met the man, said he was found hiding in his hut. We tried to establish a conversation and offered corn and arrows, but he was terrified and very aggressive. From this moment on, we had to respect his isolation. (巴西土著保护机构Funai直到1996年才与最后一位幸存者取得了直接联系。马塞洛·多斯桑托斯是一位土著专家，他领导了Funai的开发工作，遇到了这名男子，他说，他被发现藏在他的小屋里。我们试图建立对话，并提供玉米和箭，但他吓坏了，非常有攻击性。从这一刻起，我们必须尊重他的孤独。)”可知，保护机构想要提供玉米和箭，洞人有攻击性，所以对方尊重他的孤独，即保护失败。1996年，洞人让保护机构的做法失败了。故选A项。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“For me, he was somehow a miracle: to be able to survive on his own, not speak to anybody and avoid all contact maybe out of grief or determination (对我来说，他在某种程度上是一个奇迹：能够独自生存，不与任何人说话，避免一切接触，也许是出于悲伤或决心)”可知，这个被称之为洞人的男子，在他的部落成员被外人杀害之后，与外界老死不相往来，一人独自守着8000公顷的土地，还被多次袭击，Fiona Watson认为洞人是一个奇迹。故选C。CA report from the UN warns that countries current commitments would reduce carbon by only about 7.5% by 2030, far less than the 45% cut, which scientists say is needed to limit global temperature rises to 1.5°C, the aim of the COP26 summit. António Guterres, the UN secretary-general, described the findings as a “thundering wake-up call” to world leaders, while experts called for action against fossil fuel companies. Although more than 100 countries have promised to reach net zero emissions around mid-century, this would not be enough to avoid climate disasters, according to the UN emissions report, which examines the shortfall (差额) between countries intentions and actions needed on the climate. Many of the net zero commitments were found to be unclear, and unless accompanied by strict cuts in emissions this decade would allow global heating of a potentially disastrous extent. Guterres said: “The heat is on, and as the contents of the report show, the leadership we need is off. Far off. Countries are wasting a massive opportunity to invest Covid-19 finance and recovery resources in sustainable, cost-saving, planet-saving ways. As world leaders prepare for COP26, that is another thundering wake-up call. How many do we need?”Inger Andersen, the director of the UN Environment Programme (UNEP) said: “Climate change is no longer a future problem. It is a now problem. To stand a chance of limiting global warming to 1.5, we have 8 years to almost halve greenhouse gas emissions: 8 years to make the plans, put in place the policies, carry them out and deliver the cuts. The clock is ticking loudly.”Emissions fell by about 5. 4% last year during Covid lockdowns, the report found, but only about one-fifth of the economic recovery spending goes towards reducing carbon emissions. This failure to “build back better”, despite promises by governments around the world, cast doubt on the worlds willingness to make the economic shift necessary to settle the climate crisis, the UN said. In the run-up to COP26, countries were supposed to submit (递交) national plans to cut emissionscalled nationally determined contributions (NDCs) for the next decade, a requirement under the 2015 Paris climate agreement. But the UNEP report found only half of countries had submitted new NDCs, and some governments had presented weak plans.8. Why were the findings described as a “thundering wake-up call” in Para. 2?A. Because the world has failed to live up to its current commitments.B. Because the opportunities presented by covid-19 have been wasted.C. Because the world is falling behind in slowing down temperature rises.D. Because the serious problems were brought about by global fossil fuels.9. The potential harm of global warming can be reduced if _.A. current commitments of many countries remain unchangedB. huge gaps are bridged between previous and present proposalsC. global sustainable environmental resources develops significantlyD. strict measures are taken to reduce emissions in the coming ten years10. What is the writers purpose of quoting “How many do we need?” in Para. 4?A. To show the number of alarm clocks required.B. To explain the reason for the worlds wasting chances.C. To ask for the number of the countries attending the meeting.D. To stress the need to make the most of resources and reduce emissions.11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. Few countries have submitted plans to reduce the emissions.B. Many countries plans to cut emissions are far from satisfactory.C. Most of the countries work under the Paris Climate Agreement.D. Much progress in reducing emissions has been made these years.【答案】8. C 9. D 10. D 11. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了联合国一份有关全球碳排放情况的报告，强调了当前国家减排承诺与实际行动之间的差异，以及应对气候变化所需的更严格措施的重要性。文章指出，当前国家的减排承诺只能实现2030年的碳减排7.5%，远远较科学家认为需要的45%减排目标要低。因此，文章呼吁国际社会采取更严格的减排措施，避免全球温度上升超过1.5的灾难性后果，同时强调了各国在应对气候危机方面的不懈努力和存在的挑战，文章旨在敦促各国高度重视气候变化问题，加大减排行动的力度。【8题详解】推理判断。根据第一段“A report from the UN warns that countries current commitments would reduce carbon by only about 7.5% by 2030, far less than the 45% cut, which scientists say is needed to limit global temperature rises to 1.5°C, the aim of the COP26 summit.”（联合国的一份报告警告说，各国目前的承诺到2030年只会减少约7.5%的碳排放，远低于科学家们所说的将全球气温上升限制在1.5°C所需的45%的减排，这也是第26届联合国气候大会的目标。）以及第二段中“António Guterres, the UN secretary-general, described the findings as a “thundering wake-up call” to world leaders, while experts called for action against fossil fuel companies.(联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯将调查结果描述为对世界领导人的“雷鸣般的警钟”，而专家们则呼吁对化石燃料公司采取行动。)”可知将调查结果描述为对世界领导人的“雷鸣般的警钟”是由于在减缓气温上升方面缺乏进展，故选C项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Many of the net zero commitments were found to be unclear, and unless accompanied by strict cuts in emissions this decade would allow global heating of a potentially disastrous extent. (许多净零承诺被发现不明确，除非伴随着严格减排，否则这十年将使全球变暖达到潜在的灾难性程度。)”可知，如果在未来十年内采取严格的减排措施，全球变暖的潜在危害是可以减少的。